When it comes to kings, the kings of Europe are so different from the emperors of China that they even end up in disastrous comparison with the Manchu royal family. After the overthrow of the Tsar of Russia, the whole family was wiped out, and the fate of King Louis of France was even more tragic, and in recent history, no event was as high as the French Revolution, and the noble goal was finally achieved by terror and cruelty. It is not known how many crimes were committed in the name of freedom, but the French revolution was the beginning of a massacre, and the new bourgeoisie in Europe could all call themselves revolutionaries but very few were really revolutionaries.
The French Revolution soared, with radical revolutions that had just replaced despotism and were soon replaced by more radical revolutions. The Jacobins had just gained a foothold, but soon they were not advanced enough, overtaken by the more radical terror of revolution. And each ups and downs are accompanied by the sacrifice of countless ignorant people, and the constitutionalists in the last years of the Qing Dynasty traveled to Europe to investigate, and learned about the bloody and brutal side of the Great Revolution before gradually moving towards conservatism.
The kings of Europe are not inherited from father to son as in China, but Louis XV and Louis XVI in France are father and son, and Louis XV's reputation in France is not good, just like his own famous saying: After I die, let him flood the earth! From the extravagant desire of Louis XIV, the British lord of France, to the intensification of Louis XV, the era has reached Louis XVI, and the national debt has reached a billion. Such a situation, of course, cannot be guaranteed for a long time.
The autocratic kingdoms of Europe did not have the same system of electing officials as in China, did not draw a sense of responsibility from society to help him maintain his rule, and no matter how much the emperor of the Ming Dynasty ignored the government, the Ming Dynasty was still operating in an orderly manner. Louis XVI realized that the domestic resentment was boiling, france was already terminally ill, and he could completely beat the drum and pass the flowers to continue to mix. However, Louis XVI was a responsible king, and he wanted to change in his generation.
But his reforms unexpectedly turned the wheel of history, and during the reign of Queen Mary, she was extremely extravagant, abused her power, and together with Louis XVI, made France a miasma, and she and Louis XVI could have followed the trend of the times and engaged in constitutional monarchy, but they were partial to foreign countries, suppressed revolutions, and made enemies of their own people. Eventually, the starving people captured the Bastille and the French Revolution broke out.
With the deepening of the revolution, more and more Parisian citizens, including a large number of illiterate trousers, were mobilized under inspiration, and the representatives of small intellectuals became more and more radical. Louis XVI and Queen Marie were both sent to the guillotine, and before their execution, Louis XVI shouted to the crowd of onlookers: "I am innocent and dead." I forgive my enemies, and may my blood calm God's wrath.
Queen Mary may have been a deficit queen, unchaste and unconcerned about state and politics. But in the so-called divine patriarchal patriarch, Queen Mary's opposition to the democratic revolution is understandable. The trend of the times, people who cannot keep up with the pace of history will be run over by the wheel of history, Mary's death is not unjust, but a woman can not change the development of the whole history, it can be said that she is a victim of history.
Before her execution, Queen Mary accidentally stepped on the executioner's foot. She apologized at the time: "I'm sorry, sir, I didn't mean it." This also made the French people present to execute their king and queen blush, and the actions of these two nobles did not touch the people who were encouraged to join the revolution. In front of the guillotine, a man bent over and held the basin, spurting blood from the queen's neck. The other, armed with a stick and the queen's head on it, walked on the execution table to show the onlookers.
Their children were not spared, imprisoned by the angry French people, tortured, and Louis XVII, who was only eight years old, was forced to publicly accuse his mother of incest, and was imprisoned for three years with only one meal a day, mixed with garbage and feces, and soon fell ill and died. Louis XVI's daughter was gang-raped to the point of insanity, but survived.