Empresses, who should have been the most honorable women in a country, some of the more skilled empresses, could even control the court and the despoticism of the dynasty, such as Lü Hou of the Han Dynasty, such as Liu E of the Song Dynasty, and Empress Liang of the Western Xia. However, some empresses only know how to covet enjoyment, not only can not become a model of the mother's world, but extravagant and wasteful, exacerbating social contradictions.
After reading the above paragraph, do you think that you are going to talk about Empress Dowager Cixi again today? Of course not, Empress Dowager Cixi was not executed, and the protagonist of the story we are telling today is not the empress of Chinese history, but the Queen Mary of France, the wife of Louis XVI, the last king before the Restoration of the Bourbon Dynasty of France, Marie Antoinette.
In the entire history of Europe, counting all the European countries, there were only 3 executed kings, and Louis XVI was one of them. The remaining two were Charles I of England, which disintegrated the British monarchy, and Nicholas II of Tsarist Russia, who died at the outbreak of the October Revolution in Russia.
Every executed king in Europe was accompanied by major historical events, as was Louis XVI, whose death was accompanied by the vigorous unfolding of the French Revolution and eventually became the foreshadowing of history. And the reason why Louis XVI had such a tragic end was inseparable from his Queen Mary.
Empress Mary was originally the Grand Duke of Austria, her father was the Holy Roman Emperor Franz I, and her mother was even more remarkable, the Grand Duke of Austria, Bohemia and Queen Maria Teresa of Hungary, she was the youngest daughter of these two, so she was favored from birth, and her extravagant personality was created by her extravagant and extravagant personality.
In 1766, the French royal family proposed to the 11-year-old Queen Mary, and four years later, in 1770, queen Mary, who was only 14 years old and less than 15 years old, married Louis XVI. The marriage did not change Queen Mary, but because louis XVI became king of France in 1774, the status of queen made mary more luxurious.
She is very keen to buy cosmetics, clothes, bags and jewelry, and also likes to have dance parties, parties, and even interested in decorating the villa and decorating the garden. At this time, because of the geographical discovery, all the countries of Europe were shuffling their cards because of the rise of capitalism, and France was no exception. Queen Mary's approach even squandered the French treasury, the national finances showed a deficit, and the class contradictions were sharper, so she was also called the "deficit lady".
The growing contradictions finally aroused the anger of the French people, and on July 14, 1789, the people of Paris launched an uprising and the French Revolution broke out. At first, Louis XVI still had a fluke mentality and wanted to wait for the revolution to naturally subside. But with the fermentation of time, the revolutionary cause was not extinguished, but intensified, and finally in 1793, Queen Mary and Louis XVI were put on the guillotine.
One of the tasks of the executioner at that time was called Sansson, and one of his tasks was to collect the last words of some of the great figures, such as the dying sentence of the famous politician Madame Roland during the French Revolution, "Freedom, in the name of Ru, creates countless evils" was recorded by him.
Louis XVI changed his cowardice and gave a speech on his deathbed, which is also recorded, as is Queen Mary. When Queen Mary was about to be executed, she inadvertently stepped on Sansong because of the push of the escorting people. An unexpected scene was born, and Queen Mary went so far as to apologize to Sansson, saying, "I'm sorry, you know, I didn't mean it." ”
Usually, the impression of the French people on Queen Mary is extravagant and keen to dress, but this apology has made people find that Queen Mary, as a noble princess, does have a good upbringing, even if she is about to die, she can maintain etiquette, so it has reversed her image in the hearts of many French people and won the final admiration.
But the admiration of the crowd did not change her fate, and in the end she was executed. But until her death, she did not lower her head, maintaining her dignity as an empress until the last moment.