In November 1946, Zhang Xueliang and Zhao Yidi sat on a plane, excited. Not long ago, Zhang Xueliang was told that Chiang Kai-shek was going to summon him to Nanjing.
In his view, this is a signal for Chiang Kai-shek to release himself. Once a prisoner of the order, ten years of vicissitudes and sideburns. It was not until he boarded this "flight to Nanjing" that Zhang Xueliang's uneasy but expectant heart calmed down a little.
He firmly believed that when he arrived in Nanjing, the chairman of the committee would return his freedom!
The plane was running smoothly, but Zhang Xueliang felt more and more that something was wrong, and the plane did not fly to Nanjing in the northeast direction, but flew straight to the southeast.
When he saw the vast sea below through the clouds, Zhang Xueliang angrily asked Liu Yiguang, the agent who was following him: "Where is this going?" ”
Liu Yiguang could only tell the truth: "The chairman of the committee instructed us to fly directly to Taiwan!" Zhang Xueliang listened, so angry that he could not speak for a long time. He never dreamed of it,
After being imprisoned for a full decade, Old Jiang played another trick to escort him to a remote island...
I. Zhang Xueliang was escorted to Taiwan
The spring of 1945 quietly came, and Mo Dehui, zhang Xueliang's old northeastern elder and a suffragan of the Nationalist government, was entrusted by Chiang Kai-shek to visit Zhang Xueliang.
Since the Xi'an Incident, Zhang Xueliang has been a prisoner of the order for nearly ten years, and he longs for freedom.
Therefore, Zhang Xueliang tomo Dehui brought Chiang Kai-shek a Swiss watch, he wanted to show the other party: it has been imprisoned for nearly ten years, the time is not short, and he should be let out. Unfortunately there was no response.
Zhang Xueliang had been pinning his hopes of regaining his freedom on the day of the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, because by then Chiang Kai-shek had no reason to continue to imprison him.
On September 2, 1945, the signing ceremony of Japan's surrender was held on the Missouri battleship.
Zhang Xueliang was ecstatic when he heard the news and cried loudly.
Although he was unable to participate in the war on the anti-Japanese front, he launched the Xi'an Incident for this day? He believed that he would soon be free again.
Month after month passed. Zhang Xueliang looked through the autumn water, saw the arsenals move back one after another, and Chiang Kai-shek was busy returning the capital to Nanjing, but Zhang Xueliang never waited for news of his release.
Is it because he imprisoned Chiang Kai-shek for a while, and it is convenient to imprison him for the rest of his life? Imprisoned for nine years, the handsome and mighty young marshal was already two sideburns stained with frost.
In the blink of an eye, it was another year. In September 1946, when Mo Dehui arrived, as soon as he saw Zhang Xueliang, he smiled mysteriously and said, "You are hopeful for freedom!" ”
It turned out that he had brought three conditions for Chiang Kai-shek to untie Zhang Xueliang: First, he must admit that the Xi'an Incident was in the hands of the Communist Party; second, he returned the telegram sent by Chiang Kai-shek to Zhang Xueliang during the September 18 Incident; and third, Zhang Xueliang must go abroad after he is free.
Zhang Xueliang knows the preciousness of freedom, but he must not violate his conscience in exchange for freedom. thereupon
He categorically rejected Chiang Kai-shek's three conditions.
A few days later. Zhang Xueliang was sitting sullenly in the room, and Liu Yiguang, the guard agent, hurriedly entered the door and said excitedly: "Chairman Jiang has sent a telegram to Chongqing!" Say let the deputy commander you and the fourth lady go to Chongqing to live for a while, and then go back to Nanjing! ”
"Back to Nanjing?" Zhang Xue's conscience was excited. It seems that old Jiang must have been forced by pressure from all walks of life to prepare to release him! He said to Zhao Yidi, "I Zhang Xueliang have finally survived! ”
Zhang Xueliang stepped onto the bus to Chongqing with a vision of regaining his freedom. But he never imagined that what awaited him was an even bigger scam.
After arriving in Chongqing, Zhang Xueliang was arranged to live in Dai Kasa's former residence, the Dai Gong Ancestral Hall. Dai Kasa died in a plane crash half a year ago, so Chiang Kai-shek arranged for Mao Renfeng, Zhang Yanfo, Shen Drunk, and others to be responsible for the control of Zhang Xueliang. They washed the dust for Zhang Xueliang at the Dai Mansion and congratulated Zhang Xueliang on his complete merits and returned to Nanjing in the near future. Zhang Xueliang was also very excited during the banquet.
Seeing that Zhang Xueliang's letter was true, these secret service leaders could not help but feel secretly proud of this big lie they had made up. In fact, Chiang Kai-shek did not shoot any telegram summoning Zhang Xueliang back to Nanjing.
From the moment Zhang Xueliang refused to accept his three conditions, Chiang Kai-shek decided to imprison Zhang Xueliang permanently. When he met with Zheng Jieming, the new director of the Secrecy Bureau, at his official residence in Nanjing, he conspired to decide to escort Zhang Xueliang to the island of Taiwan.
In the days of waiting for the special plane to be arranged, in order to stabilize Zhang Xueliang, Liu Yiguang and others adopted wheel tactics and arranged every day for the head of the secret service and Zhang Xueliang's old department to visit him and accompany him to play mahjong. Zhang Xueliang spent more than half a month relaxing time at the Dai Mansion.
Subsequently, Zhang Xueliang and Zhao Yidi left the Dai Mansion under the escort of the agents and boarded a plane. His entourage, however, was secretly escorted by agents to the Slag Cave concentration camp.
So there is the scene at the beginning.
Second, helplessness in Taiwan
Zhang Xueliang and his party came to a new place of captivity, Inoue Hot Spring, Wufeng Township, Hsinchu County, Taiwan. Inoue Onsen is located in a valley in the middle of a lofty mountain range, and only a winding mountain road connects with the outside world through the Momoyama Tunnel. The conditions for zhang Xueliang's detention are fully in line with the requirements of the Secrecy Bureau: remote, safe, and easy to guard.
Zhang Xueliang liked the quiet environment here, and his mind gradually settled down and continued to study the history of the Ming Dynasty. Zhao Yidi also raised a group of chickens, which added a bit of warmth to this mountain wilderness.
Lin Yuanquan is also one of the personnel sent by the secret service to spy on Zhang Xueliang, who has been living in Taiwan with Zhang Xueliang for more than 50 years. However, he respects Zhang Xueliang very much, so he does not want to do anything to hurt the other party, and he also takes good care of Zhang Xueliang in life, which can be regarded as Zhang Xueliang's "housekeeper".
Later, at Zhang Xueliang's funeral, Lin Yuanquan also announced two figures to the world: when Mr. Zhang Lao first arrived in Taiwan in 1946, there were more than 100 gendarmes guarding him, and until he regained his freedom, there were still 4 tables of gendarmes guarding him at dinner.
These two figures, which no longer need to be said, make people can't help but sigh how difficult and helpless Zhang Xueliang's life in Taiwan is.
On New Year's Day 1947, the Nanjing government promulgated the "Amnesty Order", but Zhang Xueliang's name could not be found in the "Amnesty Order". People did not know where Zhang Xueliang was imprisoned, let alone think that Zhang Xueliang was once again facing danger after being escorted to the island of Taiwan for three months.
It turned out that when the February 28 Incident occurred in Taiwan, the spies who guarded Zhang Xueliang on the hot springs on The inepartment received information that some people regarded Zhang Xueliang as a hero who rebelled against the Kuomintang, wanted to take this opportunity to rescue him, and sent people to check the terrain. The Nanjing Secrecy Bureau had planned to escort Zhang Xueliang back to the interior, but this proposal was rebuked by Chiang Kai-shek.
Chiang Kai-shek instructed the Secrecy Bureau not to allow Zhang Xueliang to be robbed or flee in the chaos, but to kill him if necessary. The spies and gendarmes were on the verge of a great enemy, and they cut off Inoue Onsen from the outside world.
Fortunately, ten days later, the incident subsided, and Zhang Xueliang escaped the bad luck of the unexpected.
Since the 228 incident subsided, Liu Yiguang believes that Inoue Hot Spring is located in a completely enclosed mountain forest, and Zhang Xueliang has no possibility of escape, so the supervision of Zhang Xueliang has been relaxed. Every day, while working in the field in front of his house, Zhang Xueliang was able to avoid spies and listen to the broadcasts of the Communist Party on the mainland.
On October 1, 1949, Zhang Xueliang suddenly heard a live broadcast of the founding of the People's Republic of China from the radio.
Zhang Xueliang's eyes filled with excitement and tears, and the Communist Party he fully sponsored finally seized power. So, where is Chiang Kai-shek, who has imprisoned him for 13 years? After losing the country, where is his destination?
In December 1949, Chiang Kai-shek's father and son flew from Chengdu on a special plane on the Mei ling to the island of Taiwan. Before leaving the mainland, Chiang Kai-shek did not forget to order Yang Hucheng to be secretly executed.
After the Kuomintang retreated to Taiwan, in order to save the stormy and dangerous situation, Chiang Kai-shek began to reform the Kuomintang's party, government, and army, and appointed his son Chiang Ching-kuo as director of the General Political and War Department of the Ministry of National Defense. Therefore, the discipline of Zhang Xueliang naturally passed to Chiang Ching-kuo's men.
Zhang Xueliang's name is really thunderous to Chiang Ching-kuo. It was this young marshal, who was only nine years older than him, who had imprisoned his father and was now imprisoned by his father.
Chiang Ching-kuo hoped to have more contact and understanding with the young marshal, and in order to facilitate discipline, after obtaining his father's consent, he instructed the special task force to move Zhang Xueliang from the remote Hsinchu County to Xiziwan in Kaohsiung for a temporary stay. He then moved to Yangmingshan in Taipei. Although relocated to several places,
But Chiang Kai-shek's father and son never relaxed their supervision of Zhang Xueliang.
In the autumn of 1957, on Chiang Kai-shek's 70th birthday, Zhang Xueliang entrusted his friend Zhang Qun to give Chiang Kai-shek a pocket watch as a congratulatory gift. This time Chiang Kai-shek gave him a refined cane in return, which Zhang Xueliang saw as a good sign.
Sure enough, a year later, Chiang Kai-shek summoned Zhang Xueliang. After not seeing him for many years, Zhang Xueliang looked at Chiang Kai-shek, who was over seventy years old, and felt a thousand emotions, right and wrong, grace and resentment together in his throat.
Chiang Kai-shek spoke with a hint of sadness, and he repeatedly said, "The Xi'an incident caused too much damage," which clearly revealed his resentment toward Zhang Xueliang. However, his psychology towards Zhang Xueliang was very complicated, and finally proposed to let Zhang Xueliang move to Taipei.
Not long after, one day in March 1959, Zhang Qun rushed to Zhang Xueliang's residence to announce the good news: "Han Qing, you are free, and the Central Standing Committee has passed a proposal to lift the military control over you!" ”
"Free! Zhang Xueliang was stunned for a long time, at this time, he was not ecstatic, he obviously couldn't believe this good news that he had been waiting for for 22 years.
Will Chiang Kai-shek really give him complete freedom?
Hearing that Zhang Xueliang had lifted the restraint, a group of friends came to congratulate him. However, just as everyone was raising a glass to celebrate Zhang Xueliang's return to freedom, the guards outside the door were still wandering frequently.
It turned out that Chiang Kai-shek's proposal to lift Zhang Xueliang's discipline had an additional note:
In order to be responsible for Zhang Xueliang, it is still necessary to send police officers to protect him.
With Chiang Kai-shek's approval, Zhang Xueliang finally had the privilege of leaving Yangmingshan, where he bought a plot of land on Fuxing 3rd Road in Beitou, a western suburb of Taipei.
When Zhang Xueliang's new home, Puyuan, was completed, the agents also entered the bungalow opposite at the same time to continue to protect and supervise the young marshal who was over the age of flower armor.
In April 1975, in the early hours of the morning when the wind and rain were thick and the lightning was thundering, Zhang Xueliang was awakened by a ringing telephone, and it turned out that Chiang Kai-shek had died at midnight.
Song Meiling sent his secretary to accompany Zhang Xueliang to the condolence hall. Looking at Chiang Kai-shek lying quietly in the crystal coffin, Zhang Xueliang had mixed feelings.
This arrogant and stubborn monarch finally gave up with the regret that he would never be able to restore the mainland. From 1928, when the Northeast yizhi was counted,
Zhang Xueliang and Chiang Kai-shek had been dealing with each other for a total of 47 years, but I didn't expect to be imprisoned by him for 40 years!
Although Chiang Kai-shek relaxed his discipline of Zhang Xueliang in his later years, he always had a grudge against Zhang Xueliang. Until his deathbed, Chiang Kai-shek still did not forget to warn Chiang Ching-kuo that he should continue to supervise Zhang Xueliang and not let go of the tiger.
Zhang Xueliang did not expect that after decades of living in seclusion, Chiang Kai-shek would actually regard him as a tiger! He didn't know if he should laugh or cry for it?
In contrast, Chiang Ching-kuo's attitude toward Zhang Xueliang was a little more lenient than that of his father. But even so, Zhang Xueliang did not get the freedom he wanted during Chiang Ching-kuo's time.
Until, in January 1988, Chiang Ching-kuo died of illness.
So far, the 88-year-old Zhang Xueliang has sent away two generations of Chiang's father and son.
At this time, Zhang Xueliang had been imprisoned for more than half a century, and he did not have much hope for freedom, perhaps not realizing that his fate had finally turned around.
Third, he was finally freed, and he was not able to return to the mainland to leave regrets
Within a month of Chiang Ching-kuo's death, a wave of rehabilitations for chiang's father and son's old cases when they were in power was set off on the island of Taiwan. In the face of strong appeals from inside and outside the island, the new successor knows in his heart that zhang Xueliang's house arrest seems to be lifted sooner or later. However, he was not ready to publicly rehabilitate Zhang Xueliang, especially he did not want to see Zhang Xueliang return to the mainland.
During the Spring Festival in 1991, Zhang Xueliang proposed to the Taiwan authorities to visit relatives in the United States. The fact that visiting relatives in the United States even needs approval is a small irony for the Taiwan authorities, which have always claimed that Zhang Xueliang has long been free to act.
It has been 45 years since Zhang Xueliang was escorted to Taiwan in 1946. This visit to the United States was the first time in 45 years that he had left the island. Zhang Xueliang's mood was particularly excited, and the blue sky, white clouds and the blue sea outside the window made him even more excited.
The day after Zhang Xueliang and his wife arrived in San Francisco, they were accompanied by their daughter Zhang Luying and his son Zhang Lulin, who toured the East River, visited Chinatown, and visited the famous Golden Gate Bridge. Zhang Xueliang has always been in good spirits and extremely interested, and he has shown a childlike curiosity about the scenery, human feelings and goods in the market.
When visiting relatives in the United States, Zhang Xueliang has always wanted to fulfill his dream of returning to the nest. That is, to return to his hometown in the northeast to have a look, but he did not want the trip to be overshadowed with politics. In the end, his attempt to return to the mainland was hindered by the opposition of the Taiwan authorities.
At the end of June 1991, Zhang Xueliang and his wife Zhao Yidi returned to Taiwan after a three-and-a-half-month trip to the United States. Although Zhang Xueliang fulfilled his promise to the Taiwan authorities, he did not return to the mainland in the middle of the United States. But for an elderly man, he knows that time is short, and his greatest wish in his later years is to hope for the peaceful reunification of China, and he can also return to his hometown to see.
The relentless years passed quietly in the anxious waiting. The media in Hong Kong, Taiwan and Japan have always paid close attention to Zhang Xueliang's return to the mainland. However, these reports have made the Taiwan authorities very nervous and more nervous. This undoubtedly added difficulty to Zhang Xueliang's return to the mainland.
In order to restrict Zhang Xueliang's movements, agents of Taiwan's Security Bureau still monitored him in the name of protecting and caring for him.
In such an environment, Zhang Xueliang finally made up his mind to leave this sad place.
In December 1993, Zhang Xueliang and his wife Zhao Yidi were allowed to leave Taiwan Island and fly to the United States again in the name of visiting relatives and recuperating, with the intention of settling in Hawaii for a long time.
Zhang Xueliang's days in Hawaii are idyllic and calm, and he often goes to the beach to see the scenery. He stared for a long time at the vast sea, the place where the sun went down, or the place where the rainbow was haunted, wasn't it his home that he was fascinated by?
It was said that his former residence, the Grand Marshal's Mansion, had been renovated and was ready to welcome him back, and the Marshal Lin that he had not built for his father had long been repaired, only to wait for him to return to his father's burial.
How eager Zhang Xueliang was to set foot on that long-lost black land!
But in the end, Zhang Xueliang did not fulfill this wish. He died in 2001 with regret.
For his life, Zhang Xueliang once commented: "My thing is to be 36 years old, and there will be no more after that." ”
But even so, Zhang Xueliang never had any regrets about the Xi'an incident.
When a reporter interviewed Zhang Xueliang, he once asked: "You once said that you sent Jiang back to Nanjing to prepare for death. Did you ever think you would be under house arrest for 50 years? If you could turn back the clock, would you still do it? ”
"I must still do this!" Zhang Xueliang said in a firm tone, "I am a soldier and need to be responsible. I am responsible for what I do and have no regrets! If only now, I would still do that. Don't say that after 50 years of house arrest, I don't care if I am shot! ”
The 50 years of tribulations have not been able to erode the military heroism of the young marshal at that time, and his mind is so broad and bold. The historical merits of the Xi'an Incident will forever go down in history!
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