Due to the rendering of the Three Kingdoms by this famous work of the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, many people are familiar with this history, and few people know that the two Jin Dynasties after the Three Kingdoms are also very exciting.
The reason why it is called the Two Jins is because this period of history, like the Two Zhou and the Two Han Dynasties, there were special events that affected history in the middle, and the special event of the Two Jins was yongjia Nandu!
Originating from the great feudal kings after the founding of the Western Jin Dynasty, coupled with the extravagant wind of the court, the people were miserable, and the rebellion of the eight kings that lasted for more than ten years broke out in order to compete for power, which made the national strength of the Western Jin Dynasty decline rapidly, the foreign tribes in the north took the opportunity to go south, and the Xiongnu Liu Yuan successively attacked a large area of land in the north of the Jin Dynasty, and the Han elite had no choice but to move south en masse during the Yongjia period of the Jin Huai Emperor!
Among the Han elites in Yongjia Nandu, there was a mengwang clan headed by the Langya Wang clan, and then Wang Dao, the representative figure of the Langya Wang clan, helped Sima Rui to create the Eastern Jin Dynasty in the south, and it can be said that he made great contributions to the stability of the Eastern Jin Dynasty! Book of Jin. Book V - The Fifth Book of the Emperor clearly states this:
Yong Jiachu, with Wang Daoji, Shizhen Jianjuan, Gu Rong as the military Sima and He Xun as the counselor, Wang Dun, Wang Dao, Zhou Yan, Diao Xie and the heart of the humerus, the guest of honor, the customs of the question, Jiangdong returned to the heart!
These achievements made Wang Dao's family in the limelight for a time, and the history called the king and the horse and the world.
Figure 1| King and Horse share the world
This nickname marks the beginning of the most prosperous era of the Gate Valve clan in Chinese history. However, the growing of the Shi clan will definitely pose a threat to the imperial power, and Sima Rui, the founding emperor of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, was helpless against this phenomenon, until the time of his son Sima Shao, the interests of the major Shi clans were balanced!
The balance used by the Ming Emperor Sima Shao can be seen from his different attitudes towards the two representative figures of the Langya Wang clan, Wang Dun and Wang Dao, who were the top door valves at that time:
Originating from the end of the Yuan Emperor, Wang Dun, one of the representative figures of the Langya Wang clan, rebelled, and even led troops to attack Jiankang, defeating the sixth army of the Imperial Family of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Emperor Yuan died of grief, and the Ming Emperor Sima Shao was ordered to carry the banner of Zhongxing in the midst of danger! He first sent an army to actively defend Jiankang, and at the same time prepared for the imperial conquest, but because of the strong advice of the heavy minister Wen Yu at that time, it can be seen that Emperor Ming's deep hatred for Wang Dun was obvious, and he often said that Wang Dun was a powerful subject when he was crown prince. After several twists and turns, Emperor Later Ming finally defeated Wang Dunlai's army in July of the second year of Taining, causing Wang Dun to die of grief and quell the three-year Wang Dun Rebellion! Book of Jin. Volume VI. The Sixth Book of the Imperial Chronicle also has a detailed record of this plot:
and Wang Dun's rebellion, the defeat of the six armies, the emperor wanted to marshal a decisive battle, the ascension car will be out, the middle son Wen Jiao fixed the advice, draw the sword and slash the martingale, and stop. In the autumn of the second year of Taining, He sent his brother Han and Qian Feng, Zhou Fu, Deng Yue and other land and water for 50,000, as for the south bank. Wen Yu moved Tun Shui north and burned the finch to frustrate his front. The emperor led the sixth army and went out to the southern imperial hall. On the night of the Decay Unitary, he recruited strong soldiers and sent the generals Duan Xiu, Sima Caohun of the Chinese army, Chen Song and Zhong Yin of the Left Guard to cross the water and hide their unpreparedness. Pingdan, fighting in Yuecheng, broke through and beheaded his forward general He Kang. Wang Dun died in anger.
We can also see from the literature that Emperor Ming's deep hatred for Wang Dun: in the early days, he cursed his vassals for the crown prince; when the two armies fought, they defeated him greatly, causing him to die of grief!
Figure 2| Wang Dun's Rebellion
But what is puzzling is that he hates Wang Dun so much, but he trusts Wang Dao, who is also from the Langya Wang clan. Book of Jin. Volume VI. The Sixth Book of the Imperial Chronicle can also support his importance to Wang Dao and other famous people:
(Emperor Ming) is filial piety, has literary and martial talents, Qin Xian loves guests, and elegant literary words. At that time, famous courtiers, from Wang Dao, Gengliang, Wen Zhao, Huan Yi, Ruan Fang, etc., were treated with kindness.
Even after quelling Wang Dun's rebellion, Emperor Ming was still as important to Wang Dao as ever, first of all:
(Taining 2nd year) Crowned Situ Wang Dao as the Duke of Sixing County, 3,000 households, and 9,000 silk horses;
It wasn't long before he was again:
In the winter of October (of the same year), Situ Wang Dao was appointed as the Taibao and The Leader of the Situ, dazai.
I didn't understand why he did this before, but as the amount of experience and knowledge grew, I gradually realized that it was for balance. Because the author also mentioned earlier, the Ming Emperor appointed Wang Dao, coordinated the southern and northern warrior clans, and let Jiangnan return to his heart, so that the imperial family gradually gained a foothold at that time, and to a certain extent reached a balance of interests with various families, sweeping away the image of the decline of the imperial family since the founding of the Jin Dynasty.
Figure 3| Sima Shao, the lord of the two Jin Dynasties
Sima Shao used his extraordinary wisdom and extraordinary wrist to pacify Wang Dun, pacify the Shi clan, and lay the foundation for the Eastern Jin Dynasty for more than a hundred years! Therefore, no matter how prosperous the Shi clan was in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, due to the balanced pattern laid by the Ming Emperor, the imperial family only needed to grasp the scale and not let the balance tilt too much towards a certain shi clan or a certain prestigious celebrity, and could control the overall situation! Throughout the hundred years of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the conflict between the royal family and the warrior clan was not because of this that the continuation of its state.
Like what:
During the reign of Emperor Ming, because Wang Dun was always ambitious, after Emperor Ming suppressed Wang Dun, he continued to support Wang Dao, who was also born in the Langya clan, so that he could reconcile the northern and southern shi clans, and finally let Jiangnan return to his heart; between Emperor Cheng, because Wang Dao's prestige was too high, the imperial family began to support the Langya Wang clan where Wang Dao was located, and the representative figure of the Langya Wang clan, Wang Dao, and the representative figure of the Yingchuan Gengshi clan, Gengliang, died separately, because the representative figure of the Huan clan of the Huan clan of the State of Yan, Huan Wen Shangnan, princess Kangchang, and the Northern Expedition had many military achievements, and rose rapidly. The imperial family continued to adopt the same strategy: reusing Xie An, the representative of the Xie clan of Chen County, to consume Huan Wen, and turning the Eastern Jin court into a safe place! Therefore, in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, even if Wang Genghuan Xie ran through the whole process, because the balance laid by emperor Ming could not be easily broken, the Eastern Jin Dynasty still miraculously reached a hundred years.
Figure 4| the gathering of the disciples of the door valves that ran through the Eastern Jin Dynasty
The balancing technique in this can be summed up by supporting one side of the force to suppress the stronger forces of the other side, so that it can achieve a balance of power and not threaten itself. It can be said that this balancing technique is the ancient imperial technique, whether it is for the door valve or the courtiers, or all kinds of forces! Because of this, even if the Eastern Jin Dynasty is the most prosperous dynasty in history, the royal family can still use the art of balance to wander between hundreds of years of high doors, continue the national order, and be peaceful!
After the Eastern Jin Dynasty, most of the regimes in history were also masters of this:
After the Southern and Northern Dynasties, the early Sui and Tang Dynasties played the balance between the Guanlong nobles (the Eight Pillar Kingdoms of the Northern Zhou Dynasty of The Western Wei Dynasty) and the Shandong Shi Clan (Sui and Tang Five Surnames and Seven Hopes) The balance between the Late Tang Dynasty was the balance between the Shi (Gaomen) And Shu (Hanmen) (the leader of the famous Niu-Li Party Struggle was one for Gaomen and one for the Hanmen) the Song Dynasty was the balance between the Jun (Emperor) Xiang (Zai, which can also be said to be the overall Shi dafu) (the two Song Dynasties were heavy on literature and light martial arts, and ruled the world with the Shi Dafu, and the Tianzi and the Zai Chancellor had clear responsibilities) The Ming Dynasty was the balance between the inner (eunuchs) and the outer (courtiers) (the troika of the power of the Ming Dynasty: the emperor). Eunuchs, cabinets, in order to achieve a balance of power, the emperor reused courtiers and obeyed eunuchs) So the balance technique used by Emperor Ming against the different attitudes of the two representative figures of the Langya Wang clan at that time, Wang Dun and Wang Dao, was of great positive significance not only at that time, but also in China for thousands of years!
The above is only a family's words, if there is an error, I hope you will point out in time, the copyright is still owned by the sun and the moon millennium, please indicate the source when reprinting!
bibliography:
Book of Jin. Volume VI. Emperor Ji 5", Book of Jin. Volume VI. Emperor Chronicles VI