The first time Li Bai entered Chang'an, he was wandering alone, trying to introduce himself to seek a career by his ability, and as a result, he ran into walls everywhere, his life was difficult, and he really couldn't get mixed up, so he had no choice but to leave; the second time he entered Chang'an, he was ordered by Emperor Xuanzong of Tang and was named "Waiting for Zhao Hanlin", the situation was simply different from the first time, and even he himself could not help but sigh: "At that time, the person who laughed at me was a lowly person, but he came to invite him to make love." However, because he was not willing to be a "literary courtier" and did not want to bow his eyebrows to the magnates, he entered Chang'an for only two years for the second time, and he did not want to continue to mix, so he took the initiative to resign and leave. He entered Chang'an twice, and became friends with many people, some appreciated him, some hated him, some were friends with him, and some sang with him... The intersection and collision between them have deduced a period of history that has been talked about by future generations.
01 He regarded Tang Xuanzong as the Ming Lord, but did not want to be the ming lord's favorite
Li Bai and Tang Xuanzong had a deep relationship, and the first time they met, they enjoyed the treatment of a favored courtier. According to Li Yangbing's "Caotang Collection", "Di Jiazhi, descending to the front, gave food to the Seven Treasures Bed, and personally mixed the soup." Meaning: Qing is a cloth cloth, named 朕知, not a vegetarian moral righteousness, what and this? ”
As a "grass people" who have not yet been sealed, it is very rare to be able to get the Son of Heaven to "descend and welcome" and "hand to spice up the soup". Li Bai was obviously also very touched, so he regarded Tang Xuanzong as the lord of the ming, and decided to put away the past sinking and devote himself to assisting. Romantic by nature, he inscribed his poems and said: "The Nine Noble Sages of Heaven's Gate, Long Yan understands the spring of the four seas." Tong Ting shouted long live the left and right, and prayed to lord Ming to reap the fall. ”
However, the reality is not as romantic as Li Bai thought. Although the "Ming Lord" named him "Waiting for the Emperor Hanlin", he only regarded him as a literary courtier and used his literary talents to entertain him. Tang Xuanzong's favor of him was not false, but in the eyes of the arrogant Li Bai, this kind of "favor" was like "advocating superiority of animals", which was shameful. Therefore, instead of receiving "sinking", he sank even more in the daily drunkenness. It was also in this drunken downfall that he wrote a series of obedience texts for the imperial concubines to entertain, such as "The Order of the White Lotus Pond", "QingPing Tune", and "The Words of Music in the Palace". These obedience texts, which Li Bai regarded as shameful, soon exhausted his relationship with Tang Xuanzong, and within two years, the two parted ways.
02 Compare Yang Guifei to Zhao Feiyan, predicting that she is "red face and bad water"
Yang Guifei was the favorite concubine of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang and often served and played. Li Bai was also often ordered to write poems with his attendants, but almost every time he was drunk and hazy. For example, writing the "Qingping Tune Words" group of poems is so drunk that you have to sober up with water wet noodles, and Fang lifts the pen and waves it.
However, although Li Bai was often drunk and hazy, he could see it most clearly, so he seemed to praise Yang Guifei on the surface in the poem, but in fact implied irony. For example, he compared Yang Guifei with Zhao Feiyan in the "Gonggong Xingle Words" and "Qingping Tune Words", saying: "Who is the first in the palace, Feiyan is in Zhaoyang"; "Ask the Han Palace who is similar, poor Feiyan leans on new makeup". Zhao Feiyan is the curse of Han, Li Bai wrote, obviously to let Tang Xuanzong take this as a lesson, not to spoil the noble concubine too much. In his song "The clouds want to dress and flowers, and the spring breeze blows on Revlon", he actually expressed his hidden worries about Tang Xuanzong's excessive indulgence in Yang Guifei's beauty: Since the ancient king Yulu was evenly wet, the harem could be harmonious and peaceful, while Yang Guifei was "three thousand favors in one", monopolizing the rain and dew, so that "Luhua" was too thick, I am afraid that it will inevitably become "disaster water" and cause "disaster".
It is a pity that Tang Xuanzong failed to understand Li Bai's hint of "praising the beauty with the meaning of the proverbs", and still "the famous flowers poured out of the country and the two sides, and the king looked at it with a smile", and even intensified, to the point of "the spring supper is short and the day rises, and the king does not go early from now on". Seeing that the "Ming Lord" was fascinated by beauty and so desolate in the government, An Lushan, who was already sinister, may have dared to launch the Anshi Rebellion that almost destroyed the Tang Dynasty, so that Li Bai's prediction that Yang Guifei was "red face and disaster water" was unfortunately fulfilled.
Regrettably, Li Bai was also harmed by the "red face and water". Because his "prophecy" in the poem was interpreted by people with hearts, and provoked by this, Yang Guifei's jealousy of him was aroused, so that tang Xuanzong was dissuaded several times from promoting and reusing him. In order to avoid being further harmed by the "red face disaster water", Li Bai had to take the initiative to request to go into hiding. The New Book of Tang records this history: "The emperor desires the official white, and the concubine is depressed." Bai knows that he is not tolerated by closeness... Pleading to return the mountain, the emperor gave gold to return. Before Li Bai left, he helplessly left Shiyun: "Although the king loves moths and eyebrows, he is helpless to kill people in the palace." ”
03 Befriend He Zhizhang and leave behind a beautiful conversation about "golden turtle for wine"
Li Bai was ordered to enter Beijing, and He Zhizhang, who had heard of his name earlier, was the first to visit. Li Bai showed He Zhizhang the "Shu Dao Difficulty" written after leaving Chang'an for the first time. He Zhizhang was shocked to see it, called him "Who Immortal", and immediately invited him to go out to drink and talk, because he did not bring money, he untied the golden turtle bag worn around his waist to change the wine. The "Benshi Poem" records: "Li Taibai began from Western Shu to Beijing, and gave up the reverse brigade. He Jianzhi heard his name, and when he visited him for the first time, he was surprised by his posture and asked for a reply. Out of the "Shu Dao Difficulty" to show it. Read unfinished, call the sigher number four, called who immortal, untie the golden turtle for wine, and pour drunk. ”
He Zhizhang later also strongly recommended Li Bai to Emperor Xuanzong of Tang. With the love of the golden turtle for wine and recommendation, Li Bai and He Zhizhang became friends for a long time, both poetry friends and wine friends. During the period of offering to Hanlin, Li Bai also made friends with many famous drinkers, often drinking and writing poems together, and he Zhizhang and eight other people, known as the "Eight Immortals in Drinking". Du Fu described it in the "Song of the Eight Immortals in Drinking": "Li Baidou has a hundred poems, the restaurant in Chang'an City sleeps, and the Son of Heaven does not come to the ship, claiming that his subject is a wine immortal." ”
He Zhizhang and Li Bai are still in the same way. Before Li Bai left, he told the old man to return to his hometown, and with the permission of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang, he asked to be a Taoist priest, but xian died soon after. When Li Bai left Chang'an to visit him on the news of his death, he wrote "The Second Song of The Remembrance of the Prison of Wine" to express his deep feelings of remembrance. In one of his poems, he mentions the beautiful memory of "golden turtle for wine" -
Siming has crazy guests, and the wind and flow are he Jizhen.
When Chang'an saw each other, he called me an immortal.
What used to be a good cup, now it is pine dust.
The golden turtle changed the wine, but remembered the tears.
04 Make Colliers take off his boots and make the magnates lower their eyebrows
Li Bai Zeng Shiyun: "An Neng lowered his eyebrows and did things to the magnates, so that I could not be happy." It can be seen that he is naturally proud and arrogant, and he is not accustomed to the powerful people who love to be mighty and blessed, and he will not lower his eyebrows to deal with the powerful. However, from this poem, we can also taste another meaning: because he is the favorite of Tang Xuanzong's side, the magnates should be co-opting and unfulfilled, so that he is often "unhappy".
According to his arrogant and uninhibited personality, the magnates made him unhappy, and he certainly would not swallow his anger, but would find an opportunity to fight back, so that the magnates could not be happy. "Making Colliers take off its boots" is obviously one of the more typical examples. Of course, he who has no real power will not blatantly confront the magnates and ask for bitter food, but will use wine to pretend to be crazy, fox false tiger power, and use the authority of the Son of Heaven to make the magnates bow their eyebrows. The New Book of Tang records that "Bai tasted the emperor, drunk, and made Gao Lishi take off his boots." Lux is noble, shameful, and plucks his poems to stimulate Yang Guifei. The old Book of Tang records are also much the same: "Taste the drunken temple, induce the foot to make Gao Lishi take off his boots, and rebuke it." ”
The idiom "Lux takes off his boots" comes from this period of history. And what makes this history even more interesting is Feng Menglong. In his "Cautionary Tales", he laid out this history into an interesting "Li Who Immortal Drunken Grass Frightening Barbarian Book". In the book, he described it this way: "The King of Bohai sent people to send books to the imperial court, and no one in the court knew the Fanwen, and after he Zhizhang's recommendation, Emperor Xuanzong summoned Li Bai to the palace. He translated the book, and tried to relieve Xuanzong's worries, writing a book of fright and retreating soldiers. Emperor Xuanzong personally transferred the imperial soup to Li Bai. Li Bai remembered the ridicule he had received earlier, and asked Xuanzong, Yang Guozhong to study ink and hold the stone, and Gao Lishi took off his boots and socks, and the two had to obey the order..."
In order to uphold the integrity of being a man, Li Bai did not hesitate to offend the powerful, which was respectable. However, the price was also huge, that is, it made it difficult for him to tolerate the dynasty, and he had to give up the ideal of serving the country and wanted to concentrate on cultivating and seeking immortality from then on.
05 Let Yang Guozhong study ink, and Yang Guozhong will retaliate with "difficult problems"
Li Bai's request to Yang Guozhong to study ink and hold the stone has not been recorded in the correct history, and it should belong to the wild history or folklore. Perhaps it is precisely because of the existence of these wild histories and legends that are difficult to distinguish between true and false that the real history has become more vivid and interesting.
For example, Yang Guozhong held a grudge after giving Li Bai a hand of ink and wanted to find an opportunity to take revenge. Once, when Tang Xuanzong summoned Li Bai to the palace to feast on fu poems, Yang Guozhong wanted to humiliate Li Bai in public, so he gave Li Bai a "difficult problem" and asked him to come up with a dialogue within three steps. Yang Guozhong's "question" is indeed quite difficult: "The two apes cut off the wood in the mountain, and asked the monkey how to see it?" However, the talented and intelligent Li Bai just took a step and calmly replied: "The horse is trapped in the mud, and it is necessary to see how the beast comes out of the hoof." Tang Xuanzong laughed after hearing this and praised: "That's right! See how Ai Qing came out of the "hoof"! The courtiers laughed...
In Chang'an, Li Bai also became acquainted with other princes and ministers and other people at all levels of society. He said in the "Dongwu Yin": "Return to Xianyang, talk and laugh with the princes." From the various gift poems he wrote, it can be seen that he was related to General Guo, General Tao, Cui Shiyu, Lu Langzhong, Liu Sixteen, Pei Eighteen, Zhu Ba, and so on. These fates, when he left, although they had fallen into dreams, made him unforgettable. In 749, he sent a friend to Chang'an, and in a poem he said: "Guests come from Chang'an and return to Chang'an." The wind blew my heart, and the Xianyang tree hung in the west. In 759, a few years before his death, he still remembered Chang'an. He wrote in the poem "Jiangxia Gives Wei Nanling Ice": "The west remembers the old people are not visible, and the east wind blows dreams of Chang'an." ”
Perhaps, as a "who immortal", Li Bai is destined to drift throughout his life, and in the process, he has become acquainted with people who are related. And he is in the doomed wandering ups and downs, but also constantly pursuing, perhaps, he wants to seek his own mission.
Li Bai's "fucking egg" career: being treated as a "courtier" by Tang Xuanzong, drunk and dancing "protesting"
Li Bai "ridiculed" Confucius and ridiculed Lu Ru, did he want to "reverse Confucius"?