Self-laughing life is busy with mouth, and the old career turns absurd.
The Yangtze River goes around Guo Zhiyu is beautiful, and the good bamboo and mountains feel the fragrance of bamboo shoots.
Eviction may as well be placed outside, and the poet is exemplary as Shui Cao Lang.
Only ashamed of nothing, shang fei official family pressed the wine bag.
——Su Shi, "First To Huangzhou"
In February of the third year of Yuanfeng, the 45-year-old Su Shi arrived in Huangzhou. At this time, Su Shi had just experienced the "Wutai Poetry Case", his situation was difficult and embarrassing, he lived a difficult and confused life, and he had just arrived in Huangzhou, and he wrote this poem.
The poem also has a slightly self-deprecating meaning, he praises the natural scenery of Huangzhou while expressing his determination to be keen on state affairs, but on the other hand, he also reveals confusion and doubts about reality. As written in the poem, Su Shi's actual life in Huangzhou was not smooth.
After Su Shi arrived in Huangzhou, he lived in Dinghuiyuan, and Xu Junyou of Huangzhou Zhizhou treated him kindly, but he had not yet come out of the shadow of the "Wutai Poetry Case". While at Dinghuiyuan, Su Shi wrote the famous "Bu Operator":
The lack of moon hanging sparse tong, leaking the first quiet of people. Whoever sees the ghost alone, ethereal and lonely.
Startled but turned back, there is hatred and no one to save. Picking all the cold branches refuses to perch, and the lonely sandbar is cold.
Su Shi, who has always been free and optimistic, was in such an embarrassing situation after experiencing this storm in the sea, his heart was very painful, and his thoughts once became pessimistic and depressed. In order to avoid criticism and reduce unnecessary troubles, Su Shi was cautious in his words and deeds, careful everywhere, often living behind closed doors, living a lonely and miserable life, and his mood was quite dark and lonely. "Whoever sees the ghost people coming and going alone, ethereal and lonely", tells Su Shi's emotions in the midst of suffering and the current situation of life that is uncertain.
Frustrated and monologue, sentimental only self-aware. This poem vividly embodies Su Shi's inner loneliness, like the sad and lonely mental state of the lost flock of lonely geese, and this poem can also be said to be a portrayal of Su Shi's mental state when he first arrived in Huangzhou.
After a period of time, Su Shi moved from Dinghuiyuan to Lingao Pavilion on the Yangtze River, and gradually began to adapt to the degrading life of Huangzhou. In the second year of Huangzhou, Su Shi, with the help of his old friend Ma Zhengqing, asked the Huangzhou capital for 59 acres of the old camp outside the east gate of Huangzhou City, and Su Shi personally worked and cultivated the fields.
Su Shi named the land Dongpo, and he also planted trees around the fields and built several simple houses, named Xuetang. In this way, Su Shi not only no longer has to worry about his livelihood, but also has a perfect place to drink and talk, dispel his worries and relieve his boredom.
Huangzhou was a station in Su Shi's life journey, where he spent five years, which was not only an endless period of obscurity in the eunuch journey, but also a low tide period in his life, and it was also a period of economic cultivation of farmland and frugality in order to solve the problem of food and clothing. Therefore, Huangzhou is also a major transition period in Su Shi's life journey.
At the same time, Huangzhou is also an important period for Su Shi to open up artistic conceptions and open up a new situation in literature in literary creation. The popular "Chibi Fu" and "Nian Nu Jiao Chibi Huaigu" are the famous works written at this time. During this period, Su Shi created a large number of lyrics, with a total of more than one hundred songs, and brought a new situation of atmospheric vertical and horizontal to the word world, thus laying the foundation for his lofty position in the history of words.
The general feature of Su Shi's huangzhou period was the complexity of thought. These words not only reflect a positive attitude towards joining the world and a serious outlook on life, but also have philosophical reflections that are in harmony with the light, but in the end they cannot get rid of Confucian values.
In Huangzhou, Su Shi sometimes has bamboo sticks and shoes, in and out of the fields, sometimes moon and night boating, between the mountains and rivers, he wants to seek the space to soothe the wrinkles in his heart from nature, he wants to experience the enjoyment of beauty in close contact with nature, he wants to appreciate the philosophy of life in nature, he wants to place his troubled soul in nature.
In Huangzhou, although Su Shi was frustrated in his career, he fully blossomed in literary creation. He did not show withdrawal or avoidance in the face of difficulties, but faced it with a detached, open-minded mentality and the courage not to be tied down by the world.
During the Huangzhou period, Su Shi wrote a large number of popular works, and his term "Linjiang Immortal" is almost a portrayal of his state of mind at that time. He expressed his inner desire for freedom with "the boat has passed away, and Jiang Hai has lived the rest of his life", and at the same time, he has the will to get away with things, and at the same time, he has revealed that he cannot get rid of the shackles of Confucianism with "when to forget the camp". The original words of "Linjiang Immortal" are as follows:
Night drink Dongpo woke up drunk, and returned as if three more. The child's sniffles have thundered. Knock on the door should not be, lean on the staff to listen to the sound of the river.
Long hate this body is not my own, when to forget the camp? The night wind is still and flat. The boat has since passed away, and Jiang Hai has lived the rest of his life.
This poem is divided into two pieces, the first film focuses on the narrative, explaining the objective environment atmosphere of the author's Xuetang night drink and return to Lingao's residence, as well as the subjective mental state of the lyricist himself. The next film is the inner monologue of the lyricist, showing Su Shi's emotional fluctuations and mood changes when he "listens to the sound of the river".
The whole word truly and delicately reflects the author's encounter with setbacks, adversity, depression, and depression, in a specific night, wandering by the river, placing affection on nature, adjusting his mentality at the right time, re-raising the sails of life, and facing the psychological transformation process of the real world in a grand manner.
In the opening two sentences, "Drinking at night, Dongpo wakes up drunk, and returns as if three more", the lyricist narrates the time, place, and state of drinking in a plain and simple opening statement, as well as the whole process of returning to Lingao's residence from Xuetang after drinking.
Su Shi is a person who loves wine, he not only drinks himself, but he is also a master wine tasting, but also a winemaking master, throughout his life, Su Shi and wine have an indissoluble relationship. He wrote in the "Sayings of Drinking": "Although Yu did not drink much, he wanted to take pleasure in the day, and he could not go a day without this king." In order to brew less, the official is evil and expensive, so it is inevitable to close the house and self-brew. From this narrative, it is not difficult to see that Su Shi likes to drink, drinking a few drinks almost every day, and he also personally brews wine for daily drinking.
Su Shi likes to drink, and his detached temperament is inseparable from wine. Su Shi regards wine as his best friend in life and even in life, whether life is happy or sad, the companionship of wine is undoubtedly the greatest spiritual comfort for him.
Su Shi has written in many places about drinking, some of which belong to light drinking, some of which are works of pleasure when drunk, and some of which are painful drinks. In his lyrics, sincere feelings and perfect forms blend and blend together. Wine gives Su Shi unlimited creative inspiration, and words add elegant taste to Su Shi's drinking.
Su Shi spent the Cold Food Festival in Mizhou in his early years, and when he ascended to the transcendental platform, he wrote the lyric "WangjiangNan", which had "and will try new tea with new fire." Poetry and wine take advantage of the age" of the ancient famous sentence. "Poetry and wine to take advantage of the years" reflects the lyricist to seize the opportunity, borrowing poetry and wine to entertain himself, although the lyricist vigorously expresses the transcendent realm, but this is only a comfort to the lyricist himself.
Su Shi's wine words include the leisure and comfort of "drunkenly returning to the river road wild plum new"; there is also the lingyun ambition of "looking northwest and shooting the wolf"; and there is also the "when is the bright moon?" Ask the wine to the sky" thinking about life and feeling about life.
In Huangzhou, wine became the best placebo for Su Shi to escape from the complicated world and forget about the floating and sinking of the eunuch sea. The lyricist is drunk and awake, awake and drinking, "waking up and drunk", a short three words, profoundly reveals the drinking process of the lyricist pouring sorrow with wine and the psychology when drinking.
Such a way of drinking is rare and extraordinary for Su Shi, because at this moment, Su Shi's heart is extremely empty and frustrated, and he wants to get himself temporary satisfaction in a drunken way, and spend the time that makes him feel depressed and wandering in this illusory satisfaction.
Therefore, when he returned to Lingao's place of residence in a half-drunken and half-awake state, it was naturally very late, and the lyricist estimated that the time might have been three o'clock, and the four words "as if three more" accurately wrote the drunken state of the lyricist.
This state has alleviated the excessive depression and uneasiness he has endured for a long time to some extent, and at the same time, it has also allowed him to get temporary relief in his spirit, so that he can examine his life experience with a detached and open-minded attitude, and can also calm down his anxious emotions with calm and peaceful thinking.
The next three sentences are the lyricist's recounting of what he saw and felt when he returned to his place of residence, and when he returned to the door, the boy guarding the door slept soundly, as can be seen from the lyricist's depiction of his snoring. It's a picture that can't help but be funny, and the snoring of the children is like thunder, one after another. The lyricist knocked on the door repeatedly outside, but there was no response from the inside.
Su Shi did not want to disturb his good dreams at all, so he leaned on the quinoa stick alone, and by the bright moonlight, he strolled to the riverside, and what appeared in front of the writer was the mighty Yangtze River rushing forward, and the river waves slapped the rocks on the shore, stirring up churning waves. What the writer hears is no longer the snoring of the doorman, but the deep, low-pitched sound of the waves and waves like a heavy bass.
On the edge of the vast Yangtze River, the writer seems to be between heaven and earth, the river wind blows, the writer is also much more awake, he tastes this rare tranquility of his own alone, and the impetuous and anxious heart gradually returns to peace. He leaned on the riverside, watched the rough rivers, listened to the endless sound of the river, and couldn't help but think about it and sigh a lot. What was he thinking?
The hidden pain of the past can only be peeled away from everyone's body and fall. The more noisy and restless reality is, the more our hearts must learn to be calm and stable.
The writer may think of the hardships of the world and the ups and downs of his career; he may also think of friends who have been separated for a long time and relatives who have been far away. However, in the face of the river, he is more likely to think of Confucius's ancient sigh by the river, "The deceased is like a sifu, not giving up day and night." These kinds of thoughts are intertwined, and Su Shi can't help but send out the feeling that the seasons are like a stream, the years are not living, and the infinite feelings of Shaohua's easy passing and life is easy to grow old.
The upper part of the word also creates an extremely peaceful and tranquil realm. Because the night is deeper and the silence is silent, you can hear the snoring in the door when you stand outside the door; and it is precisely because of the extreme silence around you that the writer can leisurely stand by the river when knocking on the door. From writing about the child's "sniffle like thunder" to writing and listening to the sound of the river, the lyricist completely sets off the depth of the night and the silence of the night, making people feel immersed.
These three sentences seem to be only a description of the situation in which the lyricist returned from a night drink, and none of them were directly lyrical, however, through the words and sentences, we can feel the infinite emotion in the heart of the lyricist when he "leaned on the staff to listen to the sound of the river", which was the image of "a little bit of grandeur, a thousand miles of fast wind", which was a kind of transcendent rationality. These three sentences, the beauty of words, the beauty of emotions, and the beauty of artistic conception, bring readers a lot of space for reverie, leaving it to the reader to imagine and fill in.
For Su Shi, who has experienced all the ups and downs of his career, now in this quiet, vast nature, he will feel a kind of spiritual relief, the sorrow and troubles of the day, the glory and disgrace of life, in front of nature is so small, small enough to be negligible, so in the eyes of the writer, compared to the river, the individual's life is so short, but it is a wave in the river, fleeting, and no one can keep her for a long time.
Deeply influenced by Lao Zhuang's philosophy and with a unique sense of life, Su Shi seemed to suddenly realize how incredible it was to be confined to unnecessary sadness and frustration and could not extricate himself; how stupid it was to put a short life in the endless troubles of life. He wants to transcend reality and realize life, and pursue the highest realm of life.
The lyricist "leans on the staff to listen to the sound of the river", he completely integrates himself with nature, he derives some kind of inspiration from nature, and the wounded heart is comforted. At this moment, the sound of this river was like an agitated melody, shaking his soul, and the rushing river water washed away the haze in his heart, and the depression and resentment that lingered in his heart and could not be let go were also swept away by the river water.
"Long hate this body is not me, when to forget the camp", the previous sentence is used in "Zhuangzi Zhibei Tour" "Ru body is not Ru Youye". The latter sentence also uses the phrase "quan ru form, hugging Ru sheng, no ru si worries camp" in "Zhuangzi Gengsangchu".
The original meaning in "Zhuangzi" is to say that a person's physical spirit is given by the nature of heaven and earth, and this body is not owned by man. Be a person who should keep his duty, keep his vitality, do not think about the world, and be busy with it.
Su Shi was deeply influenced by Lao Zhuang's philosophical thought, especially after experiencing the Huaihai storm, seeking detachment from philosophy became the intellectual support for the writer to cope with many challenges in life, so it is not surprising that Su Shi said these two words rich in philosophical discussion.
These two sentences contain the personal feelings of the lyricist, with deep feelings, which are the emotional flow from the heart of the lyricist, so they have a touching power. This is the fundamental reason for the writer to explore his own pain from a deep level, and it is also the writer's sober understanding of his own life experience.
On the surface, the pain of the writer seems to come from the storm of the eunuch sea and the new challenges caused by it. In essence, the reason why Su Shi often feels that he does not belong to himself, and often feels the monotony and tedium of life, is because of his secularized mentality, because he has never detached himself from the barrier of pursuing fame and profit.
After realizing this, Su Shi's state of mind also merged into a realm of tranquility, emptiness, peace, and comfort, at this time the night was quiet, the river was quiet, the wind was quiet, and the heart was also quiet. The mood of the characters blends perfectly with the natural scenes. This is not only Su Shi's description of the natural scenery of reality, but also a true portrayal of his complete calm in this instant.
The writer pondered quietly and suddenly realized: Since he cannot control his destiny, why should he stubbornly dwell on things outside his body? Wouldn't it be better to appreciate the natural scenery in front of you?
On the river is the quiet and beautiful scenery of "the night wind is quiet and flat", immersed in such a quiet and beautiful nature, enough to make people intoxicated, enough to let people experience a full sense of gain. Therefore, he couldn't help but chant: "The boat has passed away since then, and Jiang Hai has lived the rest of his life." ”
He wants to take advantage of this beautiful day, ride a flat boat, go with the waves, anything, he wants to melt his finite life into the infinite nature. This "boat" is by no means a boat in the ordinary sense, it is a spiritual boat in which the writer has undergone painful transformation, got rid of the shackles of the world, and obtained spiritual freedom. Driving this small boat, the writer can freely travel in the rivers of life full of terrifying waves.
According to the Southern Song Dynasty poet Ye Mengde's "Summer Retreat Record", Su Shi's poem had spread throughout Huangzhou City the next day, and people were all saying in a colorful way that after Su Shi sang this song last night, he hung his hat on the riverside and drove a flat leaf boat, not knowing where he was going. Xu Junyou, the governor of Huangzhou, was shocked and afraid when he heard the rumors, he had a very good personal relationship with Su Shi, and he had the responsibility of supervision, once Su Shi did not know where to go and could not send a message to the imperial court, then he could not afford it. Xu Junyou hurriedly led people to The Lingao Pavilion to check it out, who knew that Su Shi was still in his dream, snoring like thunder, he couldn't help but laugh.
This poem is the embodiment of Su Shi's true disposition during the Huangzhou period, reflecting his ideals of life and spiritual pursuits, and showing his unique character. The successful works in the history of literature all reflect the distinct personality of the creators, so it is the most precious thing to write true feelings as literary works.
After experiencing the turmoil of the eunuch sea, Su Shi's thinking changed several times, from actively using his accession to the WTO to being negative and low, and then turning to pursuing a spiritually free and natural ideal of life.
In Su Shi's complex outlook on life, due to some old Zhuang thoughts, he formed a broad and uninhibited personality in the painful adversity. "The boat has passed away since then, and the river and the sea have sent the rest of their lives", how ethereal and romantic the writing is, such a life aphorism can only flow out from Su Shilei's open-minded arms.
Throughout his life, although setbacks and opportunities have always accompanied him, he has always been able to calmly cope with all this with the help of the true meaning of life and intellectual guarantee obtained from philosophy, and consciously and timely adjust his mentality to achieve a psychological balance. In the journey of life, Su Shi can respond to the disturbances of the outside world with an idyllic and self-assured attitude, showing a sense of detachment and ease with encounters.
Mr. Lin Yutang once said that Su Shi was an incorrigible optimist. Su Shi is in adversity, because he has an open-minded mind beyond ordinary people, so he has a fresh experience and a unique discovery, which is also a portrayal of his personality.
Su Shi's detachment is actually a real understanding of real life, which is a powerful attitude towards life, and this philosophy of life that is free and inclusive has opened up a broad spiritual space for intellectuals in later generations to take into account both body and mind. From this perspective, Mr. Lin Yutang's evaluation is pertinent.