The products of the times, the scepter puppets under political competition, and the achievements and sins of Zhao Hongwenguo, the "mother of guerrillas", in history are still controversial to this day.
In different eras, under the current revolutionary politics, for the pursuit of faith, how Did Zhao Hongwenguo go from justice, consider the overall situation, defend his homeland, not hesitate to sell his property, not afraid of life and death, and join his family in the cause of anti-Japanese resistance, what is the end of the road to the later end...
Zhao Hongwenguo, whose original name was Feng Wengu, was born in 1881, after the "918" incident, Zhao Hongwenguo, who was already more than half a hundred years old, still had a hot heart to protect the country, she produced materials, sold her property, raised for anti-Japanese activities, and threw herself and her family into anti-Japanese activities together.
Old Lady Zhao's original surname was Feng, her name was Wengu, and her husband's surname was Zhao, so her name was Zhao Hongwenguo. Since childhood to collect acorns and cocoons for a living, as a teenager married to the Zhao family, the Zhao family was originally a broken settlement, but Zhao Hongwenguo is industrious and capable, the two sons work together to improve their lives.
After the improvement of life, he did not hesitate to help his poor neighbors, and he was respected for it. The old lady has 12 children in her lifetime, she also has her own way of educating her children, unlike when everyone only cares about survival, there is still feudal thinking, she advocates that boys should read and be reasonable, girls do not bind their feet, get rid of feudal ideas, and at the moment there are female representatives of independent thoughts.
When Zhao Hongwenguo was a teenager, Japan and Russia were fighting a war in northeast China, and she was extremely dissatisfied with this, believing that the war that occurred on Chinese soil was bullying of our country, and she mobilized the villagers to organize joint defense, repair bunkers, buy guns for self-defense, and take the initiative to pay for things.
Shortly after the Japanese invaded Korea, Zhao Hongwenguo sent his eldest son Zhao Dong to the Mudanjiang Police Branch to serve as a policeman. The Japanese army occupied the northeast in September 18, and Deng Tiemei, the chief of police, established the "Northeast People's Self-Defense Army" to participate in anti-Japanese activities.
At that time, in the northeast, guerrillas abounded, and as long as someone took the lead, raising the flag was a team dedicated to fighting Japan. This team was crushed, and another team was planted, sometimes competing with each other's forces, and some fighting with each other.
Zhao Hongwenguo led the villagers, the second son Zhao Zhong, and his daughter Zhao Liyong to participate in the anti-Japanese activities, organized the anti-Japanese guerrillas, used their own family property as funds, and mobilized everyone to pay for the money, some people to go out, those who had guns to take guns, those who had no guns, and those who had large knives and spears to cut kitchen knives all together. Sneak into the outpost, intercept the transport, slash and kill the scattered devils, and use the captured weapons to arm the team. Such an illiterate old woman, with her own ability to bring the team up, she used her enthusiasm and sincerity to impress everyone, her home is the stronghold of the guerrillas, she cares for the guerrillas, fights together, lives together.
Once, because of the relationship between the old lady's son Zhao Dong, the ghost's suspicion, more than 300 Japanese devils took Mrs. Zhao away, and the old lady was not afraid at all.
Instead, you confronted the devils directly: "You have invaded our homeland, robbed us of things, and even said that Chinese is wrong." ”
Even in the face of severe torture, the old lady did not give in, and one day after more than three months, the old lady took advantage of the opportunity of the enemy's slack guard post to miraculously escape and reach Beiping.
Soon after the news of the Japanese attack on Peiping came in, the old lady immediately decided to use two thousand yuan to purchase war materials, organize guerrillas, and join Zhao Tong before the "July 7" incident, she took up the task of transporting guns and other materials, she was wearing worn clothes, carrying a broken basket, with torn mattresses, old pants, rotten clothes, and all underneath was munitions. Her two thousand dollars of ammunition were thus sent out of the city by her again and again. Each time there was a secret escort from Zhao Dong, and without a few days of effort, all the guns and bullets were transported to the storage place.
They organized 50 people to prepare for the uprising, but before the weapons could be distributed to the hands of the people, they were informed by the traitors, and suddenly they were surrounded by more than two hundred enemies, all the guns and bullets were snatched away, and two young people were sacrificed. When the old lady found out, she went back to someone to borrow money, collect donations, and buy weapons.
When the Japanese occupied Peiping, the old lady had to escort the young people who joined the guerrillas out of the city, and she hired two old ladies to accompany her nephews under the pretext of carrying guns and ammunition each time. At one point, a policeman stopped them and asked, "Where are you going?" "Zhao
The old lady replied, "I don't know, flee, go to a place where there is no war." The policeman said, "I'm afraid that this is not reliable, right?" Old Lady Zhao said, "What can our three wives do?" If you want something, take the torn mattress in this box! "Just fooled the police.
When the guerrillas learned that the Second Prison outside deshengmen was about to kill a group of our compatriots, they launched a second operation, led by Mrs. Zhao, who turned into an enemy army that night, took advantage of the enemy's lack of preparation, rushed into the prison and shouted for compatriots, and rescued hundreds of compatriots from prison.
Zhao Tong said: "We are anti-Japanese guerrillas, specializing in fighting devils!" Stay if you want, and go home if you don't. Hundreds of people shouted in unison, "We are willing to stay!" ”
The guerrilla group suddenly grew stronger, and Zhao Tong, named the "National Anti-Japanese Army", served as the commander-in-chief. A group of people burst into a village and settled into a large house that had been abandoned but looked like a rich man's enjoyment.
The villagers began to tense up again when they saw such a huge group of people. Seeing this situation, Mrs. Zhao also knew that she had been misunderstood, and she quickly asked the elders and old ladies in the village to personally pour tea for them, and said to them in a kind tone: "Please don't be afraid, we are not robbers, nor are we a messy team, our goal is to fight the Japanese, we are Chinese, we all have a home, we must unite as one." The Japanese are too cruel to us and can only fight with them! Female companions don't be afraid. Most of the people here are college students, and they are rational. I'm old now, I have children and a daughter-in-law. Other people's daughters are like my own, my students will treat them like sisters, and we will never have the slightest savagery... Do not flee, lest you waste your time. We want older people to go and call them back. Nor do we treat men with rudeness and respect women. The villagers were also touched by the old lady's words, felt that the old lady's words were kind and sincere, and no longer resisted their arrival.
Old Lady Zhao and the eldest son divided into two roads, Zhao Dong led the National Anti-Japanese Army to the mountains of eastern Shandong, and Old Lady Zhao chose to go to Wuhan to raise funds for the guerrillas because of the shortage of military food. The deeds of Mrs. Zhao have also been passed on by word of mouth, and as soon as they arrived at their destination, someone came to greet them, and people from all walks of life who insisted on the War of Resistance expressed their welcome to Mrs. Zhao.
In July 1937, the Japanese female writer Hideko Midorikawa met with Mrs. Zhao.
The old lady said to Hideko Midorikawa: "In the past, I was very timid, and I didn't even dare to look at killing chickens, but now I can lead soldiers and fight wars..." Then she said: "China and Japan are neighbors, and neighbors must talk about etiquette and reasoning, and should not bully others!" You should tell the Japanese that it is wrong to bully China in this way... Child, you must remember that Chinese cannot be killed and crushed! Although we don't have planes or cannons, we have kitchen cutters, scythes for cutting grain, and millions of Chinese who are not afraid to lose their heads! As long as everyone works together, sooner or later they will crush the Japanese devils! ”
At the end of the article, Hideko Midorikawa praised Mrs. Zhao: "She is a representative of a generation of awakened women, and China will never die because there are countless such mothers."
The old lady was stretched to the limit of the War of Resistance Against Japan, and the old lady thought that we should prepare in advance and organize ourselves, and that we could contain the enemy's rear, and if it were not for the guerrillas, the enemy would have attacked long ago. The old lady went south from Wuhan to Hong Kong, Guangzhou to carry out anti-war propaganda and fundraising, and gave speeches everywhere, telling the story of her anti-Japanese resistance from the September 18 Incident in 1931, including the capture of the Japanese in July 1935.
In praise of Zhao Hongwenguo, Tao Xingzhi published a long poem "Sending Old Lady Zhao" in Hong Kong's Sing Tao Daily:
Toyo out of the monster China out of the old lady
The old lady catches the monster The monster is frightened
Speaking of Mrs. Zhao, who does not worship
Organize a volunteer army to mobilize and catch monsters
If you want to study Mrs. Zhao in China, you want to learn from Mrs. Zhao
In 1939, Zhao Tong suddenly appeared in Chongqing, and was surrounded by crowds as soon as he arrived in Chongqing. Throughout the day, several people accompanied him to eat, drink, and have fun, and met with a series of leaders of the Kuomintang, and the newspapers also trumpeted him as a national hero of the Anti-Japanese Resistance, who worked hard for the party and the state, and the authorities also organized a report for him in the "One Garden." The audience was the military and police xian special at that time, and there were many guards inside and outside the venue, and the guards were tightly guarded.
Zhao Tong, dressed in a yellow tweed Zhongshan suit, recounted his heroic deeds of resisting Japan behind enemy lines, and his mouth was like a river, gushing endlessly.
It was not until the victory of the war with the Japanese Kou that Chiang Kai-shek launched a civil war, sent Zhao Hongwenguo back to North China, and appointed her as the "Commander of the Jin-Cha-Ji Suppression of the Communists". After Zhao Hongwenguo arrived in Shanxi, he recruited troops and bought horses, bribed a large number of Kuomintang and enemy and puppet army scattered soldiers and relatives and friends, and formed three regiments.
However, Chiang Kai-shek and his ilk were already in danger, and Zhao Hongwenguo was bound to fail, so she fled in a hurry and fled to the mountains. Remembering her past military achievements, our army has sent people to do ideological work on the old lady on many occasions, advising her to cherish her honor, abandon the dark and turn to the light, and return to the ranks of the people.
Mrs. Zhao in the middle
Unfortunately, the old lady insisted on her "loyalty", strengthened her position, and never compromised. In the winter of 1949, When Zhao Hongwenguo learned that Chiang Kai-shek had flown from Taipei to Chongqing, Zhao Hongwenguo took his second son and son-in-law to Chiang Kai-shek's residence to meet him. Chiang Kai-shek praised the old lady and appointed Zhao Hongwenguo as "commander of the second road appeasement of the anti-communist guerrilla army in the southwest."
Later, in 1950, our army sent three regiments directly to Longmen Mountain, where Zhao Hongwenguo was stationed, to encircle and suppress them; after two hours of fierce fighting, most of the troops were wiped out in the narrow area on the side of the Shanwang Temple; our army took advantage of the victory to pursue and enter the deep mountains to clear the suppression, and it took more than 20 days to annihilate all the third regiment headed by Zhao Hongwenguo and capture 26 bandits, and Zhao Hongwenguo hid in the riverside peasant Yu Huafu's family in Gaoqiao Town, Shifang County, and was captured.
The former "old lady with two guns", "mother of guerrillas", and the old lady of Zhao who is admired by everyone, and now a prisoner of the ranks, Zhao Hongwenguo, during his imprisonment, still dreams of his great achievements in battle to be left as "Qilin Pavilion"...
Chinese, the Military Justice Department of the Chengdu Garrison District of the People's Liberation Army sentenced Zhao Hongwenguo to death on July 16, 1950, based on his failure to turn back in time and repeated mistakes, and was taken back to Shifang County for shooting on July 16, 1950.