"As the parent of the world, if you can benefit from it, why don't you pity a daughter?"
These words were spoken by Emperor Taizong of Tang to the chancellor when he married Princess Wencheng. The translation is: "I am the Heavenly Khan, and you are all children in front of me." If you can live in peace, and I marry you a daughter, why not? ”
In Emperor Taizong's eyes, harmony was more like a gift. Since it is a gift, who dares to pick and choose?
Throughout the Tang Dynasty, the Fan state made a request for peace to the Tang Tianzi, a total of more than 40 times, of which the famous Tubo king Songzan Gampo made 3 times. These and pro-requests, some accept, some refuse. It can be seen that he and his relatives are not casually successful, but to have the "strength" to succeed.
What is the strength to succeed?
It was still the Songzan Gampo who made three requests for peace with Li Shimin before and after. The first two times were rejected by Li Shimin, probably Li Shimin thought: Tubo? What country is this? I haven't heard of it, it must be a small country! So what's he going to do? Let him go.
In 638, Songtsan Gampo, in a fit of rage, sent troops to destroy several Tang vassal states, and then invaded the Tang border, and the two sides fought a big fight, and finally, Li Shimin sent 200,000 troops to quell the Tubo rebellion.
At this time, Li Shimin realized: It turns out that Tubo is still quite powerful!
Therefore, after Songtsen Gampo made a third request for peace, Li Shimin very simply agreed to his request and appointed a clan daughter, Princess Wencheng, to go to Tubo to complete peace.
The so-called clan daughter is the "fake" princess, that is, the daughter born to the emperor's brothers and sisters, not the emperor's own child.
What happened to Songtsen Gampo after marrying a "fake" princess?
Songzan Gampo personally ran to Chang'an, the capital of the Tang Dynasty, to pay tribute to Li Shimin as a son-in-law, and called Li Shimin his father. After Li Shimin's death, Songzan Gampo came to Chang'an again, performed the son-in-law's gift again, and wrote a "letter of guarantee" to the newly succeeded Emperor Gaozong of Tang:
"When the Son of Heaven first succeeded to the throne, those who were disloyal to his subordinates should go to the country to seek them out."
Emperor Gaozong of Tang listened to Songzan Gampo's letter of guarantee, and Long Yan was overjoyed, and immediately made him a lieutenant of the horse.
Songzan Gampo was also the king of Tubo, and when he arrived in the Tang Dynasty, he only mixed with a donkey horse lieutenant? If this were to be known to the subjects of Tibet, how faceless would it be? Sure enough, the second year after Songtsen Gampo returned, he was assassinated.
The Tang Dynasty treated the powerful Tubo state as such, let alone other countries.
Fan Bangguo married a "fake" princess, is he happy in his heart? Of course, I don't like it, but I can't do it! I can't fight and fight, no one has money, and I don't have any confidence in speaking. Can marry a "fake" princess, and establish a marriage relationship with Datang, what bicycle do you want?
However, once the Fan state has a little bit of "strength", it wants to make progress.
During the reign of Emperor Gaozong of Tang, the Tubo king Mangsong Mangzan again asked for peace with The Tang Dynasty, and named Princess Taiping, the biological daughter of Emperor Gaozong of Tang.
Who is Princess Taiping? Her mother was Wu Zetian and her father was Emperor Gaozong of Tang, neither of whom was a good stubble! Especially Wu Zetian, when she heard that the Tubo people "want to eat swan meat", she was very angry and directly refused the Tubo people's request, and even a clan maid did not agree.
The Biography of Princess Taiping in the Book of Tang records:
"In Yi Fengzhong, Tubo asked the princess to marry, and the queen (Empress Wu Zetian) did not want to abandon the yi, but really built a palace, such as an earthen smoke ring, to refuse peace and relatives."
It can be seen that the Fan state also knows that the "fake" princess is not good, and also wants a serious eight-hundred princess. Anyway, the emperor and empress were reluctant to kiss their daughters!
However, there are exceptions.
In 756, several years after the Anshi Rebellion, Emperor Xuanzong of Tang fled west and Emperor Suzong of Tang succeeded to the throne at Lingwu. In this year, the Uighur Khan ran to Lingwu to see Tang Suzong and decided to "help the country to seek thieves".
After the Anshi Rebellion ended, the Uighurs asked Emperor Suzong of Tang for peace. In order to repay the favor of the Uighur Khan, Tang Suzong decided to return to Zhenhe, that is, to marry his own daughter to the Uighur Khan.
This princess was the second daughter of Tang Suzong, Princess Ningguo. However, Tang Suzong was also unkind, why? Because princess Ningguo had been married twice before marrying the Uighur Khan, and was widowed twice.
However, the Uighur Khan did not care about these, and said happily with the minister:
"The Heavenly Son of Tang Guo is precious, and will come with a real daughter."
Translated, the Tianzi of the Tang Dynasty really looked up to us, and even married his own daughter to the Khan!
It should be known that the Uighur Khan was able to get the "preciousness" of Tang Tianzi and marry a "true woman" back, not because of how strong they were, but because the Tang Dynasty was temporarily weakened and needed to win over the Uighur Khan.
It can be seen that a woman born in the imperial family is, in the end, a chip. However, more chips were used to marry ministers at home; as for the Fan state, if the Tang Dynasty was strong, they could only marry "fake" princesses.
There are 16 princesses recorded in the History of the Tang Dynasty, and only 3 of the emperor's own daughters, all of which are concentrated after the Anshi Rebellion. This point confirms that the princess and pro-princess are just a chip.
However, when the Tang Dynasty was strong, how could the Fan State vassal states that requested peace and kisses care who the princess was?