The Whampoa Military Academy is the most famous military academy in China's modern history, and it has trained a large number of outstanding military and command talents for modern Chinese wars, which can be described as the "cradle of Chinese generals".
In modern times, there are many famous generals with Whampoa training and learning experience. Because Chiang Kai-shek was the president of the Whampoa Military Academy, the Kuomintang basically vigorously promoted and reused the cadets of the Whampoa Military Academy in the early days.
In the 1930s, China faced the iron heel of Japanese aggression.
Mountains and rivers are broken and lives are destroyed.
The Huangpu soldiers were the first soldiers to carry guns to the battlefield. They sacrificed their lives and forgot their deaths, and fought for the country and the nation. After the end of the war, each of them was greatly glorified. However, four generals of the Whampoa Phase I were executed before the battle.
Beheading generals is a big taboo in the military, so why did Chiang Kai-shek order them to be killed?
Some of them were afraid of death because they missed the fighter plane and were greedy, but the deaths of others were quite controversial.
historian
Huang Renyu said: "At that time, after eight years of bitter fighting, there were empty cities and bitter meat. When he had no choice, Jiang shot his own cronies to relieve his responsibilities. ”
Chiang Kai-shek was impulsive and angry, in
Some of these four people really deserved to be killed, but others may have died a little unjustly. Some of them, but anyone who has a "Taishang Laojun" as a relative, will not end up in such a situation.
First, Xue Weiying, who missed the fighter
Xue Weiying was born in 1904, a native of Lüliang, Shanxi, and was the commander of the Kuomintang Major General Division.
In 1924, he applied for the Whampoa Military Academy and joined the military. Judging from Xue Weiying's early experience, he was a relatively brave person in battle. In 1933, he joined the Fuxing Society, and later in the "Xi'an Incident", he sent a telegram to denounce Yang Hucheng and Zhang Xueliang.
It can be said that he was very loyal to Chiang Kai-shek.
From joining the Kuomintang in 1924 to being shot in 1938, in the intervening fourteen years, Xue Weiying has been performing well. However, I don't know why, at the critical juncture of the War of Resistance Against Japan, he made a serious mistake, which led to the first fiasco of the "Battle of Wuhan".
On June 24, 1938, when the Kuomintang and Japanese troops were engaged in a fierce battle near the Fortress of Madang, Chiang Kai-shek called Xue Weiying's immediate superior, Li Yunheng, and ordered reinforcements to be immediately reinforced. Li Yunheng immediately ordered Xue Weiying, who was then the commander of the Major General of the 167th Division, to support.
And Chief of Staff Bai Chongxi and Jiangfang Commander-in-Chief Liu Xing have also called many times to urge support.
As a result, Xue Weiying dragged for two days to reach the Madang Fortress.
It turned out to be
Because he insisted on not taking the avenue, he had to take the small road, and as a result, he was not familiar with the road conditions and lost the fighter.
Battlefield matters are not trivial, and a single mistake costs thousands of lives and strategic locations. So he was
On August 15 of that year, he was executed by order of Chiang Kai-shek.
Second, Long Muhan who fled in the wind
Longmu Hanshengdi in 1898, a native of Anqing City, Anhui Province. In 1924, he joined the Whampoa Military Academy and was finally appointed as the commander of the 88th Division of the Kuomintang 71st Army.
At the Battle of Lanfeng in 1938, the twelve divisions of the Kuomintang prepared to encircle and annihilate Kenji Toihara's 14th Army. Some senior Kuomintang generals were greedy and fearful of death, and they were vulnerable in battle, and took the lead in fleeing. Gui Yongqing, the commander of the 27th Army, was afraid that he would run slowly and be surrounded by Japanese troops, and actually ordered Long Muhan's 88th Division to be cut off.
Long Muhan saw that Du Yongqing had fled, and was unwilling to take the soldiers to death, so he immediately ordered a retreat.
As a result, the 120,000 people of the Kuomintang beat 20,000 people of Japan, and they lost! This turned the "Battle of Lanfeng" into an international joke, and old Jiang angrily scolded "Niang Xipi" and demanded that Gui Yongqing of the 27th Army be dealt with immediately.
But
Gui Yongqing was the son-in-law of the Kuomintang elder He Yingqin, and Old Jiang could not move him, so he turned to killing Long Muhan to vent his anger. June 17, 1938,
Gui Yongqing, who has a backstage and takes the lead in escaping, is fine,
Long Muhan, who had no backstage, was shot.
Third, the victims of the "scorched earth war" are mournful
Born in 1903, a native of Xiangyin, Hunan, born in huangpu phase I, one of the thirteen Taibao of Fuxing Society,
Loyal to Chiang Kai-shek. He was once the head of the Whampoa Military Academy Alumni Association, and
He was a protégé of Chiang Kai-shek who could speak the word.
In December 1938, the Japanese were about to invade Changsha. Chiang Kai-shek ordered Zhang Zhizhong to send people to set fire to the whole city of Changsha and burn everything. Zhang Zhizhong asked Feng Wu to arrange, and the last fire burned hundreds of thousands of houses.
People who did not know in advance rushed to flee, and the casualties were particularly heavy.
When the people's grievances boiled over, Chiang Kai-shek put all the responsibility on others and let people investigate who was setting the fire.
In the end, The commander of the Changsha garrison at the time carried the pot.
After the accident,
Feng Ti did not put the responsibility on Zhang Zhizhong. He said: I am solely responsible for all the responsibilities. Everyone thinks there is something hidden in this matter. At first the judge sentenced him only to ten years in prison. However, when Chiang Kai-shek learned of this, he said that he had "neglected his duties and harmed the people," and five days later he personally ordered the death penalty.
Many people felt that He was wrongfully killed, because he had saved Premier Zhou and later helped Hua Kezhi, so Chiang Kai-shek had long been dissatisfied with him.
Fourth, Chen Munong who was "wrongfully killed"
Chen Munong was born in 1900, a native of Sangzhi, Hunan, and a lieutenant general in the Kuomintang Army.
Before 1923, Chen Munong joined the National Revolution, a student of the first phase of Huangpu, and later stayed in the school as a probationary in the teaching group. He fought in the army, from an ordinary soldier all the way to the general.
He was loyal and tenacious throughout his life, and was known for his "ability to fight well".
Chen Mu Nong's greatest hatred in his life was the traitor who fled from the battlefield, but he did not expect that he would eventually be executed for the crime of fleeing in fear of war. In 1944, the War of Resistance Against Japan was carried out to the final stage. At the time of the Battle of Liugui, Chiang Kai-shek ordered Chen Munong's troops to stick to the Guilin gateway "Jeonju", but Chen Munong only made symbolic resistance and abandoned Jeonju within a day.
When Chiang Kai-shek found out, he ordered the immediate arrest of Chen Munong and the investigation of the truth.
Chen Munong's superior, Zhang Fakui, commander of the Fourth Theater, immediately reported to Chiang Kai-shek and strongly demanded that Chen Munong be sentenced to death. Three days later, Chiang Kai-shek suddenly ordered an execution on the spot. As a result, Chen Munong was killed in Guilin.
Before chen mu nong died, he said: Chief Zhang has harmed me! There is nothing more to say.
Because he only retreated after receiving Zhang Fakui's orders. As for why Zhang Fakui wanted to harm him, there were two theories.
One is that Zhang Fakui had a distant brother who once escaped during the Battle of Changheng, and Chen Mu Nongli was shot. In the end, he was really killed, and Zhang Fakui was later taking revenge. Another theory is that Zhang Fakui and Chiang Kai-shek joined forces to play a trick to deter Bai Chongxi and others, and the reasons for this are too complicated.
epilogue
Of the four people executed in Whampoa Phase I,
Chen Mu Nong and Feng Ti both looked like they had died a particularly unjust death, one was pit by the boss, and the other was pit by the principal.
Long Muhan and Xue Weiying were indeed guilty, but they were killed only because they had no backstage. If Long Muhan had an old man like He Yingqin, Xue Weiying could have it
Also a student of Whampoa Phase I,
The famous "escaped general" Sun Yuanliang had half the good luck.
Even if you can't ask old Jiang to pay for studying abroad,
At least not to lose your life.
Therefore, the old Chiang Kai-shek's "beheading generals in the front" seems to be for the purpose of making a revolution against Japan, but in fact he is still "watching people cook", a blind meal.