He was the first stage of Huangpu, participated in the Nanchang Uprising, was nearly killed by Fu Qiutao during the agrarian revolution, and later became the chief of staff of the Third Field Army. So why wasn't he given a military rank?
He was Yuan Zhongxian, an old revolutionary.
Yuan Zhongxian, a native of Changsha, was born in 1904 into a handicraft family, and he had four brothers and sisters, all of whom threw themselves into the revolution. Yuan Zhongxian joined the Communist Youth League or was introduced by the chairman and his comrade-in-arms Guo Liang, a famous leader of the workers' movement in Hunan.
It was 1922, yuan Zhongxian was studying at the Hunan First A Industrial School, during which he met Guo Liang of the Hunan Provincial First Normal School. It was here that he first came into contact with communist ideas, and later, under Guo Liang's introduction, he met the chairman, joined the Socialist Youth League under their introduction, and embarked on the revolutionary road from then on.
In 1923, after graduation, Yuan Zhongxian could not find a job. However, he saw an enrollment notice for the "Central Base Camp Lecture Hall", so he signed up for reference, and as a result, he was admitted to the Lecture Hall, so he went to the Lecture Hall in Guangzhou with Zuo Quan, Chen Geng, Li Mo'an, Song Xilian and so on. In 1924, the Kuomintang and the Communists cooperated to create the Whampoa Military Academy, and the Lecture Hall was incorporated into the Whampoa Military Academy, and Yuan Zhongxian became a student of the Whampoa Phase 1.
Before the outbreak of the Nanchang Uprising in 1927, Yuan Zhongxian served as chief of staff in the 6th Regiment of the 20th Army of Mr. He, and after the uprising, he became the chief of staff of the newly organized 3rd Division. During the battle of the rebel army evacuating Nanchang and moving south to Guangzhou, his left leg bone was broken and he had to be admitted to the Fraternity Hospital opened by the Japanese for treatment.
In 1929, Yuan Zhongxian was organized and sent to study at the Oriental University in Moscow for a year, and after returning to China, he was sent to the Southern Bureau in Hong Kong, and later because the Southern Bureau was destroyed by secret agents, he was transferred to the chairman of the Guangdong Dongjiang Revolutionary Military Commission and the commander of the Dongjiang Independent Division. It was not until 1934 that he was transferred back to Hunan as the secretary of the Hubin Working Committee.
Then, why did Yuan Zhongxian risk being accidentally killed by Fu Qiutao?
As we all know, in 1934, with the defeat of the Red Army in the Central Soviet Region in the fifth anti-"encirclement and suppression" campaign, the Red Army had to go north on the Long March. At this time, the revolutionary situation was at a low ebb, the local Party organizations at all levels were seriously damaged by the Kuomintang reactionaries, and the Red Army troops who remained in the south had to go up to the mountains to fight guerrillas, so Yuan Zhongxian, who returned to Hunan, could not find the local Party organization.
One day in 1935, Yuan Zhongxian read in a newspaper that part of the Red Army belonging to the Xiang'e-Gansu District was fighting a guerrilla war in the area of Golden Cave in Hunan. So he decided to venture into contact.
In February 1936, yuan Zhongxian, in accordance with the decision of the special committee, under the pseudonym Zhou Ren and in the name of the kiln merchants selling the kiln goods in the Tongguan Kiln Factory, was obtained by the special agent director of the 4th Division of the Nationalist Army stationed in Yuezhou (an underground party member) to get two blank passes and go to the Xiang'egansu District. Along the way, they passed through the heavy checkpoints of the Kuomintang and finally entered the Soviet zone. However, their dress aroused the vigilance of the Red Army guerrilla fighters in the Soviet zone, and then they were taken as traitors to the Golden Cave where the provincial party committee was stationed, and Yuan Zhongxian was interrogated.
Participating in the interrogation were Fu Qiutao, commander and political commissar of the Military Region; Tu Zhengkun, secretary of the provincial party committee; and the chairman of the Soviet District; when asked what important resolutions the central authorities had made since 1932 and the situation of the three, four, and five anti-"encirclement and suppression" campaigns in the Central Soviet Region, Yuan Zhongxian did not know what kind of questions he had. Yuan Zhongxian naturally did not know that during that time Yuan Zhongxian worked in Dongjiang, Guangdong. Therefore, Fu Qiutao was even more convinced that he must be a traitor sent by the enemy, and suggested that he be detained and handed over to the Security Bureau to be killed.
Fortunately, zeng guoqi, vice chairman of the Soviet district, and Deng Hong, director of the work department of the white district of the provincial party committee, also participated in the interrogation at that time, who believed that most of the provincial party committees and the Red Army that remained in the Soviet area at that time had lost contact with the central authorities, and coupled with the enemy's tight blockade, they did not understand the situation outside the Soviet area, so we could not hastily condemn the comrades who had crossed the enemy's layers of blockades and had worked hard to find the organization as traitors and easily killed them.
In this way, after some investigation and investigation of Yuan Zhongxian, he was finally not killed by Fu Qiutao by mistake and became the secretary of the Xiangjiang Special Committee.
After the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Yuan Zhongxian was first transferred to the Hankou Eighth Route Army Office to engage in united front work against Huangpu students, and then to Shandong to engage in united front work against Fan Zhuxian' department; political commissar of the 129th Division's Zhuxian Anti-Japanese Guerrilla Column, chief of the Education Section of the 115th Division Headquarters, head of the Shandong Military Region's Teaching Regiment, chief of staff and deputy commander of the Jiaodong Military Region; during the Liberation War, he successively served as deputy chief of staff of the New Fourth Army and Shandong Military Region, deputy chief of staff of the East China Military Region, political commissar of the 8th Corps of the Third Field Army and commander of the Zhenjiang Front. The Chief of Staff of the Third Field Army and the East China Military Region and the Commander of the Nanjing Garrison District.
So, why did Yuan Zhongxian award a military rank in 1955?
It turned out that when Yuan Zhongxian was serving as the political commissar of the 8th Corps and commander of the Zhenjiang Front, there was an incident in which our army shelled the British warship "Purple Quartz.", and in handling this diplomatic incident, Yuan Zhongxian showed his unassuming, courteous and courteous diplomat style. Therefore, soon after the founding of New China, he was named and transferred to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs by the chairman and Comrade Enlai and sent to India as the first ambassador to India, so he missed the opportunity to confer the title. Despite his regrets, he achieved impressive results on the diplomatic front, and his tenure contributed to Nehru's successful visit to China.
Sadly, however, Yuan Zhongxian died in 1957 at the age of 53 at the age of 53 due to ineffective lung cancer treatment.