The Korean War that broke out on June 25, 1950, or the war that China called the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea after china's entry into the war, may be the most unpredictable and difficult war in the last century. In this "world war" that eventually developed into a miniaturized war, its repeated tug-of-war and the abandonment of its previous achievements every time it was close to victory made many future generations of military historians sigh! Because in this war its uncertainties are really too much! And the Incheon landing and the entry of our army into Korea were the biggest uncertainties in this war...
The Inchon landings instantly reversed the situation on the peninsula
The Inchon landings on 15 September 1950 were undoubtedly another shining point in the military career of MacArthur, the commander-in-chief of the United Nations Army, and just as he was elated for his success in insisting on his opinions and making the decision to land in the Inchon area under the influence of public opinion, his 70,000 troops did not embarrass him.
The U.S. Marine Corps and the U.S. 7th Infantry Division, which landed at Inchon, also began to cross the Han River to March to Seoul, the capital of South Korea, and on September 25 announced the recapture of the already devastated city. The U.S. 1st Cavalry Division, which was advancing north from the southern tip of the peninsula, also joined the U.S. 7th Division in Suwon, causing more than 40,000 KPA troops retreating north to be either annihilated or captured.
The KPA was powerless to fight back
While the "United Nations Army" continues to make great strides northward, Kim Il Sung and his Korean People's Army are no longer able to fight back, and most of their troops have been exhausted.
After the Inchon landing, only 30,000 remnants of the army were able to regain the northern side of the peninsula, and these birds of fright could not make any effective resistance, and even Kim Il Sung personally said: "If the enemy crosses the 38th line, there will be no troops there that can be used to defend."
As for the situation in Korea after the Inchon landing, China's reaction was also very rapid, as early as September 18, the third day after the Inchon landing, China began to negotiate with the Soviet Union and the DPRK, and proposed to the DPRK that it immediately retreat to the north, and at the same time put forward the request for troops. On September 21, china once again proposed that if the Americans gained the upper hand in North Korea, "China has the obligation to help the North Korean comrades."
However, these statements did not have the permission of the Soviet Union and the statements of North Korea at this time, and the situation on the Korean Peninsula continued to deteriorate.
On September 19, "China" summoned the DPRK ambassador to China, Lee Joo-won, saying that the "United Nations army" had landed at Inchon, what is the next step for the DPRK to demand of China? After Li Zhouyuan telegraphed Kim Il Sung, he received only one reply: "The Korean people are ready for a long battle." There is no reply from that! So why has North Korea not responded to our country's desire to help? Will they be able to turn the tide in the face of the deteriorating situation?
Concerns of the Soviet Union and North Korea
In fact, north Korea was indifferent to our assistance at this time, not because it did not think that the situation was not urgent enough, but because it was waiting for the Soviet Union to reply, because in Stalin's view, he did not want hundreds of thousands of Chinese troops to enter Korea and weaken the Soviet Union's control over Korea. If Stalin had a firm grip on the situation on the peninsula, he would not have wanted to see Chinese troops enter Korea in the face of North Korea's overwhelming power.
And Kim Il Sung is also well aware of this, which can be seen in a few words he has said. On September 19, the fourth day after the landings at Inchon, Kim Il-sung said at an emergency meeting held in North Korea: "We used to think that we had a large number of people and could do everything with our own strength, and that the weapons needed in the war had already received soviet assistance, so why should we ask for help from Chinese!" ”
At the same time, he also said: "For the current situation, do not pass a resolution on requesting China to provide assistance, but first seek Stalin's opinion on whether to turn to China to send troops, and if you do not ask the Soviet Union to ask the Chinese army to enter Korea, you may be complained by the Soviet Union." It can be seen that Kim Il Sung had to consult Stalin's opinion to make a judgment on our country's willingness to send troops, so his indifference was considered by the Soviet side, and at this time he still had a glimmer of hope for the Soviet Union. And if Stalin did not let go of Kim Il Sung, he would not be able to ask China to send troops.
However, stalin did not know that after the successful landing of the United Nations army at Inchon on September 15, Stalin had not reported much hope for the war, and began to express no clear statement on the request for re-assistance from Korea.
It was clear that Stalin no longer trusted The power of Korea and turned his attention to China, hoping that China would send troops to restore the decline of North Korea and the increasing threat of the US military to the Soviet Far East. Finally, china also received a formal letter of request for help from Kim Il-sung on October 1, 1950, and 18 days later, the first batch of Chinese volunteer troops, totaling 4 armies, 3 artillery divisions, and 255,000 people, entered Korea at night, and a war to resist THE United States and aid Korea that lasted for nearly three years was about to break out...
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