Since Qin Shi Huang completed unification, division and division have ceased to be the mainstream of Chinese civilization, and even if there have been several short warlord melee, they will always be unified by a more powerful regime. From this point of view, splittism is actually screening the strong, and those who can have the advantage in the people's will, military strength, politics, economy, and other aspects can be reunified and become The Chinese Zhengshuo.
In order to prevent another division, successive dynasties have used their brains. Looking at our current division of provinces, the twists and turns of the dividing line contain the wisdom of countless ancestors, making it difficult for local forces that have the intention of dividing to resist reunification by virtue of natural dangers. However, there is one province that can be regarded as an exception, and that is Sichuan.
Sichuan itself is a large basin surrounded by high mountains and almost completely isolated from other provinces. In ancient times, the ancient civilization that existed in Sichuan also had very distinctive characteristics. 30,000 to 40,000 years ago, there were ancient Ziyang people and ancient Shu civilizations, and the ruins of Sanxingdui left by them are full of strong mystery and are speculated by many people as alien civilizations.
It can be seen from Sanxingdui that the ancient Shu civilization was influenced by other ancient Chinese civilizations, but also had great differences, and it is not too much to say that they evolved independently. It was not until the Qin conquest of Bashu that Sichuan officially became the territory of China.
Although the Shu Dao was difficult, it could not stop the pace of the Guanzhong Hanzi. The State of Qin built Dujiangyan, making Sichuan a country of heavenly capitals and laying the foundation for the great cause of unification of Qin Shi Huang. Liu Bang also used Sichuan as his base to seize Hanzhong, Guanzhong, and even the whole world. Our nation is called the Han nationality, and Sichuan's contribution is really not small.
After the Three Kingdoms of the Han Dynasty, the Shu state that occupied Sichuan was the weakest, but it frequently launched the Northern Expedition against the most powerful State of Wei, and its spirit of supporting the Han Dynasty and restoring the Central Plains was really admirable. However, Zhuge Liang did not do his best, thus opening Sichuan's introverted mode.
Since then, whenever the Central Plains are in turmoil, Sichuan will always stand on its own two feet from the imperial court, and it will be satisfied with one side, completely without the ambition of Liu Bang to dominate the world, and the regimes of Chenghan, Former Shu, and Later Shu are all the same. They established themselves as kings by virtue of natural dangers, and they were only willing to submit to the central surface, but in fact they wanted to be the emperor of the earth.
Judging from the geographical conditions, their dreams are not excessive. Sichuan has two directions to enter, north and south, from the northern Hanzhong into Shu, there are only a few narrow passages, easy to defend. Even if it was broken, there were natural dangers such as the Sword Pavilion that shielded the Chengdu plane, and no matter how many large armies had to crowd on the mountain road, the superiority of troops could not be exerted at all.
The passage from the south into Shu is located in the Hengduan Mountains, which is even more difficult and dangerous, and coupled with the underdeveloped Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau over there, it is impossible to support the army to fight. In fact, Sichuan has always been the material supply base in the southwest region, and Yungui is even more inseparable from Sichuan. Therefore, if you want to attack Sichuan from the southern front, the difficulty is far greater than that of the northern front.
Surprisingly, the separatist regime in Sichuan was almost completely subdued by the newly rising central government without a fierce battle. Wei annihilated Shu Han and Song Destroyed Shu were both very relaxed, and the overly steep terrain made the defenders paralyzed and did not want to forge ahead. As soon as they found the enemy troops entering the river, they panicked and lacked the determination to resist to the end.
In any case, this special situation has objectively saved Sichuan from military disasters many times, and its population, culture, economy, and other aspects have been greatly developed. By the time of the Northern Song Dynasty, a large number of literati and inkers emerged in the rich Sichuan, of which Su Shi was the most outstanding representative, which showed the prosperity of Sichuan's literary style.
However, after the Song Dynasty, Sichuan, which had just escaped the pain of partition, suffered a population extinction when repeatedly resisting foreign invasions. The wars of the Mongol Yuan dynasty against the Song Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty against the Ming Dynasty both reduced the population of Sichuan sharply, and it was necessary to emigrate from the lake in order to replenish the population losses.
The Mongolian army could not break through the natural danger of the Yangtze River, so it tried to detour from Sichuan back to the flank of the Yangtze River defense line. Song Meng launched a tug-of-war in Sichuan for decades, Sichuan was ten rooms and nine empty, the remaining population was only a few percent of the original, and Sichuan Province was once incorporated into Shaanxi. But the Mongols also paid a great khan and a large number of casualties of the army. It was not until the end of the Yuan Dynasty that a large number of huguang people entered Sichuan, and the population of Sichuan recovered.
At the end of the Ming Dynasty, there was another tragic population extinction, and Zhang Xiancheng's peasant army and the Qing army fought fiercely in Sichuan. Neither side has left enough reliable written records, and we only know that Sichuan, which originally had a population of more than three million, only had 80,000 people left in the early Qing Dynasty. It was again the lake that filled Sichuan, and it took fifty years for the population to recover.
In this relatively closed area, traffic and information communication are inconvenient, and the people have nowhere to escape, which further magnifies the brutality of the rebel army and makes Sichuan almost destroyed many times. Therefore, the modern Sichuan people have no relationship with the Shu people of the ancient era, and only in a few mountainous dense forests, there may be the inheritance of the ancient Shu people.
In modern times, Sichuan's ties with the inland have been greatly strengthened, with 300,000 Sichuan troops going north to resist Japan, Chongqing becoming the capital of the War of Resistance Against Japan, and Sichuan becoming China's rear area. The fates of Sichuan and all of China have never been so closely linked.