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A long time ago, Xiaobian wrote an article about Feng Yuxiang's Thirteenth Taibao of the Northwest Army, and many history enthusiasts asked: Feng Yuxiang's Northwest Army has the saying of the Five Tigers and Thirteen Taibao, how did these titles come about? What is the basis? According to the relevant information found by xiaobian, I will share this topic with you.
According to the biography of General Feng Yuxiang and the recollections of some generals of the Northwest Army, this so-called "Five Tigers and Thirteen Taibao" of the Northwest Army came from this way. At the beginning of 1916, Feng Yuxiang's 16th Mixed Brigade was favored by Yuan Shikai because of its meritorious engagement with the Defending Army, and the team expanded into five regiments. Feng Yuxiang was full of spirits, and called the five regimental commanders under him "Five Tigers" and the thirteen loyal battalion commanders under him "Thirteen Taibao", which is the origin of the so-called Five Tigers and Thirteen Taibao of the Northwest Army. These eighteen feng yuxiang's cronies also developed into core members of the Northwest Army, and their status was much higher than that of Yang Hucheng, Ji Hongchang, Sun Dianying, Ma Hongkui, Pang Bingxun, and others who later joined the Northwest Army.
The five tigers of the Northwest Army were: Zhang Zhijiang, Li Mingzhong, Song Zheyuan, Lu Zhonglin, and Liu Yufen;
The thirteen Taibao of the Northwest Army were: Sun Liangcheng, Sun Lianzhong, Tong Linge, Liu Ruming, Han Fuyu, Shi Yousan, Zhang Weixi, Guo Zhigang, Wen Chenglie, Cheng Xixian, Ge Jinzhang, Zhao Xiping, and Han Duofeng (Note: There were no Zhang Zizhong and Zhao Dengyu in the Thirteen Taibao of the Northwest Army)
In 1929, Feng Yuxiang's Northwest Army, which had participated in the Northern Expedition, reached the peak of its military and political influence. At that time, the Northwest Army had nearly 400,000 regular troops under its command, occupying Gansu, Shaanxi, Henan, Hebei, Shandong and other places, becoming one of the five giants at that time (the five giants of the Nationalist government after the victory of the Northern Expedition: Chiang Kai-shek, Feng Yuxiang, Li Zongren, Zhang Xueliang, Yan Xishan).
In 1930, dissatisfied with the Nationalist government's policy of reorganizing the army, local forces united to confront Chiang Kai-shek's Central Army, and the Central Plains War broke out. The Five Tigers and Thirteen Taibao of the Northwest Army chose different paths in the warlord melee, and the endings were also different.
First, let's look at the ending of the five tigers:
Zhang Zhijiang (1882-1966): Zi Min, Zi Zi, Tianxing, teaching name Paul, a native of Yanshan, Hebei. Zhang Zhijiang withdrew from the military after a stroke after the Battle of Nankou in 1926. Later, he made a living from the Founding Arts Museum and became the main advocate and founder of Chinese Guoshu (Martial Arts). After liberation, he lived in Tianjin and died in 1966 at the age of 84.
Li Mingzhong (1887-1949): Zi Xiaodong, a native of Guanhui Town, Shenqiu, Henan (now part of Xiangcheng). Li Mingzhong opposed Feng Yuxiang's fight in the civil war, resigned from the military circles on the eve of the Central Plains War in 1930, and returned to his hometown of Henan to live idly. Later, he devoted himself to the construction of local economic education and had a good reputation in the local area. After the founding of New China, he stayed in Shanghai and died of illness soon after.
Song Zheyuan (1885-1940): Zi Mingxuan, a native of Zhao Hongdu Village, Chengguan Town. At the time of the Central Plains War, he was the commander of the 29th Army of the Northwest Army. After Feng Yuxiang's defeat, his troops were absorbed by Zhang Xueliang and stationed in Northern China; after the Lugou Bridge Incident in 1937, he became the commander-in-chief of the newly formed First Army; and died of illness in Sichuan in 1940.
Lu Zhonglin (1884-1966): Zi Ruibo, a native of Beiluzhuang. After the defeat in the Central Plains War, he was electrified and sent to the field; during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, he served as chief of staff of the Third Theater and chairman of Hebei Province. After liberation, he participated in the work of street residents of the Tianjin People's Government, was hired as a member of the National Defense Commission, and died in Tianjin in 1966 at the age of 82.
Liu Yufen (1886-1943): Zi Lanjiang, a native of Qingyuan, Hebei. After the defeat of the Central Plains War, he led the staff of the Shaanxi and Gansu provincial governments to defect to Ma Bufang and Ma Hongkui; surrendered to the Wang Jingwei regime during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and served as the pseudo-Kaifeng director and pseudo-chief of the general staff; and died of illness in Beiping in 1943.
The fate of the Thirteenth Taibao of the Northwest Army:
Sun Liangcheng (1893-1951): Zi Liangchen, a native of Jinghai, Tianjin. Feng Yuxiang defected to Chiang Kai-shek after the defeat in the Central Plains War; in the early stages of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, he served as a member of the Hebei Provincial Government and a guerrilla commander of the Jicha Theater, director of the Luxi Bureau, and deputy commander-in-chief of the 39th Group Army; in 1942, he led his troops to surrender to the Japanese army and became a traitor. He served as commander-in-chief of the 2nd Front Army of the Wang puppet government and director of the puppet Kaifeng Office; he was arrested in Shanghai in 1949 and died of illness in Suzhou Prison in 1951.
Sun Lianzhong (1893-1990): Character imitation Lu, a native of Xiong County, Hebei Province. After the defeat in the Central Plains War, he defected to Chiang Kai-shek; during the War of Resistance Against Japan, he served as the commander-in-chief of the Second Army, the deputy commander of the First Theater, and the commander-in-chief of the Sixth Theater, and made great contributions to the cause of China's War of Resistance; he fled to Taiwan with Chiang Kai-shek in 1949 and made a living by opening restaurants in his later years; he died in Taipei in 1990 at the age of 97.
Tong Linge (1892-1937): Zi Jie San, ren. After the defeat of the Central Plains War, he followed Song Zheyuan to zhang Xueliang; after the Lugou Bridge Incident in 1937, he was killed in battle in Nanyuan, Beiping, when he was the deputy commander of the 29th Army, and the Nationalist government posthumously presented the general and entered the Martyrs' Shrine.
Liu Ruming (1895-1975): Zi Liang, ren. After the defeat of the Central Plains War, he followed Song Zheyuan to Zhang Xueliang; during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, he served as the commander of the 68th Army and made great contributions to the cause of The War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression; during the Liberation War, he served as commander of the Fourth Appeasement District and commander of the Eighth Corps, fighting with the People's Liberation Army; fled to Taiwan at the end of 1949; died of illness in Taiwan in 1975 at the age of 80.
Han Fuyu (1891-1938): Zi Xiangfang, a native of Hebei Province. He defected to Chiang Kai-shek during the Central Plains War; at the beginning of the War of Resistance Against Japan, he became the chairman of Shandong Province and the commander-in-chief of the Third Army, but was shot by Chiang Kai-shek in 1938 because of his passive avoidance of war.
Shi Yousan (1891-1940): Zi Hanzhang, a native of Kalun, Jiutai City, Jilin Province. He defected to Chiang Kai-shek during the War of the Central Plains; at the beginning of the War of Resistance Against Japan, he served as the commander-in-chief and chairman of the 39th Group Army, making certain contributions to the cause of the War of Resistance; in April 1940, he defected to the Japanese as a traitor, and in December of the same year, he was buried alive by his old subordinate Gao Shuxun by the Yellow River.
Zhang Weixi (1889-1944): Zi Chuyu, a native of Guantao County, Hebei Province. After the defeat of the Central Plains War, his troops were dissolved and returned to their hometowns; during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, he served as a general in the military senate of the National Government; in 1943, because his family was detained by the Japanese, Zhang Weixi was deceived by Sun Liangcheng to go to the enemy-occupied areas to rescue his family, and the Japanese forcibly appointed him to a pseudo-post, but Zhang Weixi resolutely refused to comply. He died in Taizhou in 1944 at the age of 55.
Guo Zhigang (1890-1957): A native of Mengcheng, Anhui. After the defeat in the Central Plains War, he defected to Song Zheyuan's 29th Army; at the beginning of the War of Resistance Against Japan, he served as a senior senator under Han Fuyu, who was shot by the Nationalist government and moved to Tianjin to live idly; after the founding of New China, he lived and lived in Beijing, and died in 1957 at the age of 67.
Wen Chenglie (1889-1976): A native of Weihai, Shandong. During the Central Plains War, he followed Han Fuyu to Chiang Kai-shek and served as the mayor of Jinan City, Shandong Province; resigned due to illness in 1936; served as the lieutenant general director of the military station department of the Sixth Theater during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression; during the Liberation War, he threw himself into the embrace of the people's government and served for a long time in the Central Museum of Culture and History; and died of illness in 1976 at the age of 88.
Cheng Xixian (1893-1948): Longhua people in Jingxian County, Hebei Province. During the Central Plains War, he followed Han Fuyu to Chiang Kai-shek; during the War of Resistance Against Japan, he defected to the Japanese and became a traitor, and died of illness in 1948.
Ge Jinzhang (1893 – year of death unknown): A native of Mengcheng County, Anhui Province. At the time of the Central Plains War, he was the brigade commander of the 7th Mixed Brigade of the Northwest Army. Later, he defected to Han Fuyu and served as a senator in the Shandong Provincial Senate; during the War of Resistance Against Japan, he left his post and disappeared.
Zhao Xiping (1878-1957), zi Guozhen, a native of Zhaojiazhuang, Baoding City. At the time of the Central Plains War, he was the commander of the 13th Army of the Northwest Army, and after the defeat of the Central Plains War, he lived in Beijing and died of illness in 1957 at the age of 79.
Han Duofeng (1888-1987), zi Xiuyan, a native of Dongping County, Shandong Province. After the defeat in the Central Plains War, he defected to Han Fuyu and served as a senior senator of Shandong Province; during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, he served as a lieutenant general in the Fifth Theater of Operations, Gao Gan, director of the Luxi Bureau, and other positions, making important contributions to China's great cause of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression; after liberation, he worked and lived in Jinan, Shandong Province; and died in Shandong Provincial Hospital in 1987 at the age of 99.