First of all, it should be emphasized that the view that the relocation of the Pingwang capital led to more and more chaos and misery, which somewhat confused the decline of the Zhou royal family and the time sequence and the logical order of the Pingwang's eastward migration.
As we all know, the rebellion of the Youwang led to a surprise attack by Inuyasha, who wantonly burned and looted in the Gyeonggi area for several months, and the original capital of the country (Ho Kyo) was destroyed. Although this incident was only broken by a combination of various factors at home and abroad, the eldest son of the concubine who was fortunate enough to escape from the heavens (that is, the later King of ZhouPing) could not avoid feeling uneasy about it, coupled with the tragic scene of the ruins of some broken walls in The capital at that time, the reconstruction cost a lot, and the people hurt money, but it was better to move the capital to Luoyi.
It can be seen from this that the eastward migration of King Ping of Zhou was not voluntary, and it was forced to do so.
Mentioning that Zhou Tianzi was inferior to other princes, in fact, after a short reign of Cheng Kang, the entire huge political system of the Zhou Dynasty continued to be in the process of gradual decline. "'King Zhao's southern expedition did not return'", the successive years of southern logging and leveling that began with King Zhou Zhao," consumed a lot of manpower, material and financial resources, and the incident of the death of Zhou Tianzi at that time also caused a serious blow to national confidence.
Different from the centralized autocracy of the later monarchical system, the feudal system of the pre-Qin Dynasty (in a broad sense) gave the people of the country a certain right to participate in the discussion of state affairs, and even had considerable rights to the abolition of the monarch and the arbitration of aristocratic disputes.
In 841 BC, a rebellion broke out in Hojing. The riot was ostensibly due to a struggle for power within the ruling class, but in essence it reflected the beginning of the collapse of the patriarchal system that was the core of the country's political structure, and the sub-feudal system based on it became more and more fragile, and many princes did not listen to the announcement; at the same time, sensitive changes in politics also played an economic role, and the continuous development of private land reduced the taxes of the Zhou royal family, while at the same time the growth of the princely states and the increasing decay of the well field system.
The final result of all this was to shake the rule of the Western Zhou Dynasty, aggravate the decline of the Zhou royal family, and gradually disintegrate the huge Zhou Dynasty.
In the system of sub-feudalism, Zhou Tianzi originally had absolute authority, but because of the disturbances in the royal family, the original idea of deifying Zhou Tianzi was gradually broken, and the princes began to despise the Zhou royal family.
The "Records of History" records: "In the fourteenth year of Yougong, Yougong's brother boiled and killed Yougong and established himself for the Duke of Wei. ''
The patriarchal system in the Zhou Dynasty was the core of all aristocratic relations, and the primogeniture system was the embodiment of the former—lu Guojun's practice of killing his brother and establishing himself was undoubtedly a major crime and an uncivilized system, but King Zhou Zhao did not react to this. Since then, other princely states have followed suit, with father and son fighting each other, brothers fighting... The Zhou royal family was more and more regarded as nothing.
The economic base determines the superstructure, and behind the accident of all political events is the inevitable trend of the development of the productive forces.
As mentioned above, the well field system was a relatively popular land system in the Western Zhou Dynasty of China, and it was an effective way to achieve land ownership before the Spring and Autumn Period.
The "Fifteen Years of Gu Liang Chuan Xuan Gong" records: "The ancients took three hundred steps into the mile, and their name was Ida. ''
The Zhou Dynasty implemented the well field system, both as a hierarchical unit of the princes and hundreds of officials, and as a unit of calculation for controlling the common people. In the Western Zhou Dynasty, iron farming tools gradually circulated.
The Chinese Qi Yu records that Guan Zhong suggested to Qi Huangong: "'The us dollar should be forged with swords and swords, and the dogs and horses should be tested; and the evil gold should be cast with hoes and yijin, and the loam soil should be tested." ''
''Dollar'' refers to bronze, ''Evil Gold'' refers to iron. Compared with the limitations of bone, wood and bronze agricultural tools in the past, iron agricultural tools have greatly improved the production efficiency of agriculture with their advantages of high quantity, low price, convenient production and durability, and at this time, the "well field" distributed according to the original productivity standards no longer meets the needs of the nobles.
As early as the middle of the Western Zhou Dynasty, in order to squeeze the surplus labor of the commoners, a few nobles forced the commoners to reclaim empty land other than the well field, called private land.
Opening up and cultivating private land requires a large number of laborers, but the traditional method of slavery is not conducive to mobilizing the enthusiasm of laborers for production, so some nobles who conform to the new situation change the mode of exploitation in order to attract laborers, induce slaves to flee the original land, and become peasants with early feudal dependencies. On the contrary, due to the loss of labor, the original public land was gradually abandoned, and the well field system lost its effectiveness.
The financial income was not enough, so that the Zhou Dynasty, which was already in decline, became weaker and weaker, had no money to recruit troops, repair troops, and repair weapons, and its voice among the princes fell to the bottom and entered the process of irreversible decline. Zhou Tianzi's power gave way to the power of the princes who gradually transformed into a feudal system, which was objectively conducive to the transition from slave society to feudal society, and pushed the wheel of history forward.