On August 15, 1945, emperor Hirohito of Japan issued the Edict of the End of the War to his subjects, announcing Japan's unconditional surrender to the world. In order to ensure that the war-torn people could receive the good news of victory as soon as possible, the National Government also dispatched planes to spread leaflets everywhere and immediately announced the good news to the whole country.
The Dian Army resisted the War
During the eight-year all-out War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the contribution made by the Dian Army cannot be ignored. The Dian Army is a long-established unit, which originated from the Yunnan New Army at the end of the Qing Dynasty, after the Xinhai Revolution, Cai Yi, as the first commander of this force, commanded the War of Yuan, the Patriotic Movement and other battles that affected China's modern history.
After the outbreak of the All-out War of Resistance, Wang Longyun of Yunnan announced that Yunnan would send 100,000 troops and 300,000 Zhuangding troops. Long Yun also reorganized the elite troops of the whole yunnan into the 60th Army of the National Revolutionary Army, that is, the 60th Army of the Dian Army, with a total of 40,000 people in 12 regiments of the 6th Brigade of the Third Division and the Sixth Brigade of the Whole Army, with a full set of legal equipment, and the commander was Lu Han, a famous general of the Dian Army. When it first left Yunnan, because of its well-equipped equipment, this unit was also sent to Wuhan by Chiang Kai-shek for a military parade, and the officers and men of the 60th Army wore French steel helmets and carried Belgian-made Maxim heavy machine guns on their shoulders.
At the Battle of Xuzhou in 1938, the 60th Army, at a tragic cost of more than half of the casualties, blocked the attack of the Japanese Banyuan Division and the Isoya Division for a total of more than 50,000 people for 27 days at Yuwang Mountain, buying time for the main force to move. After that, the anti-Japanese Troops in the province continued to expand, and in addition to the 60th Army, the 58th Army and the 93rd Army were added.
In September 1940, the Japanese invaded Haiphong, Hanoi and other places in Vietnam, which made the situation on the border between Yunnan and Vietnam tense, and the rear area of Yunnan also became unstable. In order to strengthen the southern Yunnan defense line, the 182nd Division of the 60th Army, the 184th Division and other troops returned to Yunnan, along the Sino-Vietnamese border of the estuary, Pingbian, Jinping, Gelao, Jianshui area of fortification, due to the Strict Deployment of the Yunnan Army, coupled with the support of the local people, the Japanese army has not made much progress on the Sino-Vietnamese border, and was blocked by the Yunnan people and the nationalist generals.
Throughout the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Yunnan sent 600,000 troops to various theaters across the country and supplied 800,000 tons of military food. In addition, Vietnam also dispatched hundreds of thousands of people to risk japanese bombing to rush to repair the Burma Road, and many migrant workers starved to death and died of exhaustion on the construction site, making great sacrifices and contributions to the victory of the War of Resistance.
Descended
On August 15, 1945, after Japan announced its unconditional surrender, the Allied High Command issued Order No. 1 on August 17, which strictly demarcated the surrendered areas of the Allied powers. In this order, China's surrender was all Japanese troops in China except Manchuria, including the navy and air force, air force, army and logistics units, as well as all Japanese troops in Taiwan Province, north of the 16th parallel north of Vietnam.
At that time, the Allied High Command divided Vietnam into two parts, the area north of the 16th parallel was actually accepted by the French army to accept the surrender of the Japanese army, and the area south of the 16th parallel was responsible for the British army, but the British army was insufficient at that time, so the area south of the 16th parallel was actually accepted by the French army to accept the surrender of the Japanese army.
On August 18, 1945, Chiang Kai-shek, the Supreme Commander of the Chinese Theater, ordered the expansion of the First Army stationed in Yunnan into the First Front Army, which had more than 100,000 people under the jurisdiction of the 60th Army, the 93rd Army, and the 53rd Army, and Lu Han, the former commander-in-chief of the First Army, was appointed commander-in-chief of the First Front. The troops of the First Front Were mainly Dian Army troops, who fought against the Japanese army for many years on the Sino-Vietnamese border and the Sino-Burmese border, and their hatred for the Japanese army was very deep.
On the night of September 8, 1945, more than 100,000 officers of the First Front, under the unified command of Luhan, began to advance towards northern Vietnam. Since the Japanese invasion of Vietnam, the communication lines on the Sino-Vietnamese border have been destroyed, so when the Dian army entered Vietnam, it could only take the Mabang Road, which had been abandoned for many years, which had long been full of thorns and weeds, and it was necessary to arrange for soldiers to open the road with long knives in front; some places had become swamps, mosquitoes and ants were rampant, causing great difficulties for the troops to march, and it took only 5 days from the edge of the screen to the mouth of the river.
In addition, heavy rains and floods in northern Yunnan have been continuous. All the villages and roads are a country of Zee. The Chinese army braved the rain and the water to march, and the supply was difficult and the action was very slow, but for the sake of the country's honor, the troops of the Yunnan Army still moved forward with difficulty.
When the Chinese army arrived in Vietnam, the Chinese and overseas Chinese in Vietnam took to the streets to welcome the arrival of the Chinese army. After arriving in Hanoi by plane on September 22, LuHan hung bunting flags along the way from Gia Lam Airport to Hanoi City, and signs such as "Welcome chinese troops" in Chinese and Vietnamese characters were everywhere. Those Ordinary Vietnamese and Overseas Chinese who had been waiting for a long time saw the sign of Luhan sitting on the car and applauded when they knew that the commander of the Chinese army was coming.
Glorious journey
Since the Sino-Japanese War in 1894, the Chinese army has repeatedly lost battles against the Japanese army, and the yunnan army troops have gone to Vietnam on behalf of the country to accept the surrender of the Japanese army, which has to be said to be a great honor. At this time, the Japanese army has long lost its former arrogance and bowed its head in front of the Chinese army.
Li Mingzhen, a veteran of the 184th Division of the former 60th Army, later recalled: "When we went to accept the surrender of the Japanese army, the officers and men of the Japanese army all bowed their heads, and when they saw the Chinese soldiers coming, they were all scared and their legs were trembling. Li Jinhua, a veteran of the 184th Division of the former 60th Army, recalled that he also proudly said: "Whether the Japanese army is a soldier or an officer, when it sees Chinese soldiers, it must salute." At that time, they were all shrunken-headed turtles, morale was all gone, and we were all on our toes, raising our eyebrows and exhaling. The army of the victorious country, that is really the victorious country! ”
After the Chinese army arrived in Hanoi, it was ordered to enter the various barracks of the Japanese army, and the Japanese army immediately vacated all the barracks, handed over weapons and various equipment, and handed over to the surrendered troops according to the list. These Japanese troops were like sheep, and they were concentrated in custody.
When Yang Chengzhang, a veteran of the former 60th Army, recalled this past incident, he said triumphantly: "The Japanese army without guns is not even as good as ordinary people, and if the Japanese soldiers dare to sneak out, they will immediately be surrounded and beaten by ordinary Vietnamese people and overseas Chinese." They salute us, you can salute us, you can pay attention to him, it doesn't matter if you don't care, you can also call them to work, build basketball courts for our Chinese army, or build barracks, tell them to do it, work overtime and don't sleep, and finish it within the time limit. ”
On September 28, 1945, the surrender ceremony was held at the Vietnamese Governor's Palace, and lu han, the commander-in-chief of the First Front, was seated in the first official seat of the surrender hall, and Ma Ying and Yin Jixun were seated on the left and right. At exactly 10:00 a.m., Yuki Tokihashi, commander of the Japanese 38th Army, representatives of the Navy and Air Force, chief of staff of Sakai Kanjo, and commander of the Kawakuni Naoshi Division, and six others disarmed themselves and signed the instrument of surrender. Luján then issued the first order: cancel the number of the Japanese 38th Army.
The Dian army went to Vietnam to receive more than 30,000 Japanese prisoners of war, 45,000 guns, 882 artillery pieces, and 140,000 shells. After that, the Dian Army also set up a war criminals management committee, which escorted 189 senior Japanese generals back to China for trial, and more than 30,000 Japanese prisoners of war and more than 1,000 Japanese expatriates were repatriated to China.