Written by | Zhao Nengjing
Sun Chengzong's sadness may stem from the chronic diseases and limitations of that era.
In the thirty-second year of the Wanli Calendar, Sun Chengzong entered the high school with outstanding talent, and then successively served as a lecturer of the Hanlin Academy and the Chongri Temple, and the right attendant of the Rebbe. Because of his excellent moral integrity, he was still summarized as "a public official, not to create power, not to levy a feast, and to be generous and valuable." It was both praise and sincere admiration, but in a sense, this kind of integrity just laid the groundwork for him to become the governor of Liaodong in the future. Because "everyone is drunk and I am awake alone", he was finally excluded, and the complex situation of the lonely and difficult to run the front line was isolated.
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At the beginning of his term of office, Sun Chengzong succeeded the elderly Bingbu Shangshu Cui Jingrong, and the situation in Liaodong was in a hurry, so under the impetus of seniority and popularity, he was appointed as a Bingbu Shangshu and a scholar of Dongge University, handling cabinet affairs in the morning and ministerial affairs in the afternoon. In this regard, he frankly told the emperor: "It is not difficult to do anything today, but it is even more difficult to do military affairs." In addition, he pointed out that Daming's chronic disease had already appeared: "In the past few years, many soldiers have not been trained, and too many salaries have not been nuclearized, so that the generals will be used, and the civilian officials will be trained, so that they will be in battle, and the civilian officials will be sent out ..." After a long speech, he also pointed out that after Xiong Tingbi was executed, no one wanted to take this position, but for the sake of the society, he said that he was willing to try.
Things stem from constant quarrels, and Sun Chengzong's appointment is to see who is right to argue so badly below.
At this time, Wang zaijin was the Liaodong Jingluo. Wang planned to attack Quang Ninh after Jin took office, but the governor Wang Xiangqian believed that even if he could capture Quang Ninh, it would not be easy to defend, and it would be better to defend Shanhaiguan to defend Kyoto. So Wang built a heavy pass in Jin for eight miles outside Shanhaiguan, leaving 40,000 horses to guard. Yuan Chonghuan believed that Wang Zaijin's move was not a good strategy, and after arguing with Wang Zaijin to no avail, he wrote to Shoufu Ye Xianggao. However, Ye Xianggao believed that subjective speculation could not be relied upon, so Sun Chengzong requested to personally go to Liaodong to make a decision. Therefore, this situation has even become a certain phenomenon of Daming, who has quarreled endlessly when encountering things, lost many opportunities in constant quarrels, turned what was wrong into right, turned what was right into wrong, and then this situation happened again many times.
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As a result, Sun Chengzong believed that Wang Zaijin's plan was wrong, and the two debated whether to build a new city and how to defend.
Finally, Sun Chengzong said: "Now that we are not planning to plan for the restoration of the grand plan, we will earnestly draw and defend the pass, and we will do our best to remove the fences, and there will be peace east of Gyeonggi?" After the words, the rebuttal of the king was dumbfounded in Jin. However, the two eventually failed to reach a consensus on how to defend, and since Wang Zaijin was a strategist, many decisions had to be made by him to the imperial court, and although the two talked for seven days, there was no progress in the end.
Daming was in this mutual stubbornness and consumed many opportunities.
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After completing the "reading of the pass," Sun Chengzong returned to Beijing to report to the Heavenly Revelation and summed up four aspects, generally centering on how to guard the pass and deal with the captives, as well as "defending the Liao territory with the Liao people, guarding the Liao people with the Liao soil.", and finally proposed to the Tianqi Zhu You school that the strategy of war and defense should be "for the present, not to wash the hearts of the world, not to rise up in vigor, not to change the world's observation, not to collect the endgame, not to break the mediocre theory, then the Chinese and foreign countries are not clearly heard. To put it simply, it is to put forward the strategic policy of doing a good job of long-term guarding, and avoid "raising tens of thousands of people who sit on food every year, and things change for a long time, and the teachers and the old are poor." "It is to avoid the huge waste of silver caused by this continuous output, and pay attention to the self-hematopoietic function of Liaodong." In the following years, Mao Wenlong, who was stationed on Phi Dao, was obviously criticized by this and was eventually killed by Yuan Chonghuan without authorization.
Portrait of Sun Chengzong
Soon after, when the Apocalypse discussed with him, he approved of his ideas and praised him: "The husband is in peace and out, and the general in and out is in the picture, especially the fresh and talented." He also said that "the responsibility of safety and security is the only one." The only one who depends on him is Qingqing. This opened up a situation in which Sun Chengzong fully grasped the situation in Eastern Liaoning. Sun Chengzong received the appointment and immediately supervised the customs clearance, at this moment Wei Zhongxian gained Zhu Youxiao's trust by pleasing the Ke clan, and all the administrative affairs were handed over to Wei Zhongxian. When appointing Sun Chengzong, Wei Zhongxian was quite satisfied with Sun Chengzong's "ordinary performance" and allocated him a lot of money, "with the merits of Emperor Chengzong, he wanted to be close to him."
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However, Sun Chengzong told Wei Zhongxian after he left the customs, "Only have a cup of tea, and do not make a word with him, and It is a great regret for Zhongxian to be loyal." This also laid the groundwork for Sun Chengzong's dismissal. No matter who it was, in their hearts, they did not want to have excessive contact with the eunuchs, but if they only relied on this sentence to speculate that the relationship between Sun Chengzong and Wei Zhongxian was cold to such a point, it seemed incomprehensible, and there was no gratuitous hatred, and the same applies to the two of them. Unfortunately, due to the lack of authoritative information, we can only brush this up. If this is not a big deal, but what matters is that the eunuch controls Daming, it is an unavoidable deep disaster and contradiction, laying the groundwork for some subsequent events.
Soon, when Sun Chengzong conducted a field inspection of the situation in Ningyuan, he concluded that "seeing the situation in Ningyuan from afar, the heavens set up heavy passes to protect the god Jing, and it must not be guarded." "Therefore, the concept of overall protection and construction measures was proposed.
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After Wang Zaijin was dismissed from the Liaodong Jingluo, Sun Chengzong took the initiative to ask for the post, and he said heroically: "After the omission of the Jing, what will the substitute do?" Instead of paying the unknowable with the greatness of the world, it is better to pay the unknowable self with the greatness of the world. At his recommendation, he replaced the Inspector of Liaodong and promoted or transferred a number of important generals from Yuan Chonghuan and Zu Dashou to more important positions. This arrangement, which obviously also has some kind of intention interspersed with the generals they trust, is a basis that must be done for the rapid advancement of the strategy.
Under the deployment of Sun Chengzong and Yuan Chonghuan, a large number of important military generals have been enriched in the border defense in the past four years. "Since Emperor Chengzong left the town, closed the door and stopped the police, the Chinese and Korean parties feasted, and no longer worried about side affairs." After Sun Chengzong took office, he first straightened out military discipline, followed by the construction of guancheng and the verification of money and grain, which was quite effective. The "Battle of Ningyuan" that Yuan Chonghuan became famous in the first world war was based on the important foundation laid by Sun Chengzong.
However, as the eunuch Wei Zhongxian in the Daming Palace became more and more powerful, Zhu Youxiao himself became their puppet, hiding in the harem to concentrate on carpentry work. Therefore, Sun Chengzong failed to attach himself to Wei Zhongxian, and eventually became a thorn in the eyes of Wei Zhongxian and others, plus other figures who were leaning on each other, which made it difficult for Sun Chengzong to move forward. In August of the fifth year of the Apocalypse (1625), after the defeat at the Battle of Liuhe, it eventually led to the eunuch clique sending him an excuse to impeach Sun Chengzong, which led to Sun Chengzong being deposed for the first time and returning to his hometown to recuperate. However, the specific details are manywhat unclear, so the truth of this history needs to be further studied and discussed.
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At this point, the Ming Dynasty missed an important opportunity to consolidate the rear because of this internal friction, which also led to the subsequent tragedy of Sun Chengzong's life. Since then, all the plans and operations in the early days have come to naught, and the situation in Liaodong has deteriorated rapidly. Soon, Chongzhen succeeded to the throne, yuan Chonghuan was reused, but unfortunately, he failed to advance Sun Chengzong's strategy and missed an important historical opportunity.