In early 342 BC, King Hui of Wei appointed Pang Juan as a general and Crown Prince Shen as a general, leading a Wei army of 100,000 to attack Korea.
King Hui of Wei was already tall and felt that his time was running out, so he wanted to use this battle to train his successor, so he parachuted a boss to Pang Juan. Although Pang Juan was very depressed, he also expressed understanding, for a father, this move is beyond reproach, of course, the later development of things, let The Wei Hui King's intestines are remorseful.
South Korea naturally could not defeat the State of Wei, and throughout the Warring States Period, it seemed that South Korea had not won the other six countries.
Always being beaten, just not being beaten, sometimes quite horizontal, this is South Korea.
As a result, not long after, the important towns in northern Korea were lost, and the Wei army further besieged Southern Liang (南梁, in present-day Ruxi, Henan), besieging the city day and night, known in history as the "Difficulty of Southern Liang".
Like Zhao Guo, he went to the State of Qi, and the only one in the world who could defeat the State of Wei was the State of Qi; the only one who could defeat Pang Juan in the world was Sun Zhen.
King Qi Wei then summoned his courtiers to discuss the matter of saving Han: "Early rescue or late rescue, the princes said to see." (The "Records of History" says that at this time, King Qi was already the son of King Wei, King Xuan, and according to the "Bamboo Book Chronicle", the "Records of History" were wrong.) ）
You may remember that when saving Zhao was first discussed, King Wei asked for help or not to save, but this time he asked for early rescue and late rescue, which shows that the strength of the State of Qi is not what it used to be, and it is extremely dissatisfied with the Wei State that the king is called, and it is necessary to save it, and it is necessary to discuss it with early rescue and late rescue.
However, Qi Xiang Zou Ji is still the old saying when saving Zhao: "It is better not to save." ”
Still thinking the same thing, Zou Ji was afraid that Tian Ji would make another great contribution and affect his own position, so he tried every means to obstruct the war.
King Qi Wei glanced at Zou Ji and turned to Tian Ji, "What does the general think?" ”
Tian Ji said, "If you save, then Han will fold into Wei, and the disaster will reach Qi, so it is better to save it as soon as possible." Tian Ji believed that if the State of Wei attacked Korea, it would increase its power greatly, which would seriously threaten the geopolitical security of the western part of the State of Qi, so it would be saved, and it would be saved early, because Korea was weaker than the State of Zhao, and I was afraid that they would not be able to last long.
At this time, Sun Bin yawned a lot at the side.
Photo: Taipei Sun Zhen Temple
King Qi's eyes were sharp, and when he saw it, he asked busily: "If the military master does not say a word, is it not the second strategy of the general and the minister of state?" ”
Sun Zhen smiled and said, "Of course." Fu Wei Guo prides himself on his strength, the former cut Zhao, the present cut Han, and his heart must forget Qi Zhao! If you don't save Han, you are abandoning Han to fatten Wei, so you don't say that the savior is not also. Wei Fang cut han, Han and Wei soldiers did not do harm, and I saved them, it was I who accepted Wei's soldiers on behalf of Han. Han enjoys his safety, and I am in danger, so the savior is not also. ”
King Qi then asked, "But why not?" ”
Sun Bing replied, "For the sake of the Great King, it is advisable to save Han first to reassure him." Han knew that he had Qi to save him, and he would try to resist Wei, and Wei would also use his strength to attack Han. I waited for Wei's evils, and Xu led him to ping-pong. Is it to attack Wei wei in order to save the danger of Han, with less force and more achievements, is it not better than the first two Ceye? ”
Sun Bin believes that South Korea's strength has increased after the declaration of non-harm and change, and it is not so easy to be destroyed, and it is best for us to wait for South Korea to be destroyed before taking action. Of course, deliberately waiting until others drown before helping each other seems to be in line with the requirements of benevolence, but this can get the greatest reputation and receive the greatest effect! It seems that Sun Bin not only understands the military, but also knows a lot about diplomacy. In fact, whether it is military or diplomatic, its essence is national interests, not national benevolence. In addition, let us tell you the fact that whether in the workplace battle or the world war, the best position is the final finisher of the endgame. Because no matter how tragic this storm is, generally speaking, the last person to appear is always the beneficiary. For example, the United States after World War II.
Therefore, hearing Sun Zhen's witty remarks, the King of Qi Wei greatly agreed, so he sent someone to inform Han Hou, saying: "Qi saves Dan and arrives." ”
When Han Zhaohou heard the letter, he thought that he had the great patron of the State of Qi, so he launched a major counterattack, fought five battles in a row, and was defeated by Pang Juan's hands, so he had no choice but to send an envoy to ask Yu Qi again: The eldest brother quickly pulled the brothers, the brothers really couldn't hold on, and if they continued to fight, they would really destroy the country!
Sun Bing laughed: There is no hurry, South Korea is not so quick to perish, does not he claim to be a developed country in the world, now is a good opportunity to prove himself. Wait, let's wait.
So king Qi Wei sent another envoy to inform Han Hou, and said: "Qi saves Dan and arrives." ”
Han Hou had no choice but to continue to hold on and wait for the "Dan Twilight" to come.
This "Dan Twilight" was "Dan Twilight" for a full year (Sun Zhi's move dealt a great blow to Korea, and as a result, it buried the Korean Shen Non-Harmful Law in one fell swoop, and Korea completely lost the opportunity to become a great power), until December 342 BC, Han wei was almost exhausted, and the King of Qi Wei completed the "Dan Twilight", but reused Tian Ji as a general, Tian Bao as a deputy, and Sun Zhen as a military division, leading an army of 100,000 to resist Wei and aid Korea.
After this army left the State of Qi, it still followed the old path of the previous Battle of Guiling, did not go to Korea, and directly pounced in the direction of Da liang!
When King Hui of Wei heard the letter, he immediately ordered Crown Prince Shen and Pang Juan to stop the attack and return to the division to fight a decisive battle with the Qi army.
This time, the State of Wei was not besieged by the major powers as it was last time, only the State of Qi was only a division, so King Hui of Wei decided to first abandon the fat meat of Korea, concentrate his forces on a big showdown with the State of Qi, and completely kill the main force of the Qi army that had repeatedly disrupted the hegemony of the State of Wei, and never have any trouble!
Pictured: King Hui of Wei and Crown Prince Shen
Pang Juan heard about King Hui's orders, and heard that the military division of the Qi army this time was still Sun Zhen, and all the new hatreds and old hatreds poured into his heart at the same time, and he almost shed tears of excitement.
For Sun Zhen, Pang Juan never conceded defeat in his heart, Guiling a battle, if he knew in advance that the opponent was Sun Zhen, he would never rush back to the division, thus ignoring the collection of intelligence work on the way, so that he was carelessly captured, and the world laughed!
In short, he did not lose, he was not convinced!
In the past ten years, Pang Juan has been practicing his internal skills day and day, thinking that his strength has greatly increased, plus this time he is going back to duel with Sun Zhi under the condition of complete preparation, and the distance between Han Du Xinzheng and Wei Du Daliang is only more than a hundred miles, and all of them are plain areas, there is no problem of fatigue or ambush, so he is full of confidence and decides to take this opportunity to shame sun zhen and defeat Sun Zhen and get back all the humiliations that Guiling was captured!
Ten years, Pang Juan had waited for this moment for a full ten years, and now, his duel with Sun Zhen's fate was finally about to be known here!
The 100,000 Wei army rushed back in a menacing manner, looking for the main force of the Qi army to fight a decisive battle, but Sun Zhen did not want to fight a decisive battle, and he said to Tian Ji: "The soldiers of the Three Jins are brave and brave and light, and the Qi is timid, and the good warriors are guided by their strength." The Art of War Cloud: 'The one who is a hundred miles and the one who is interested in profit is the general, and the one who is fifty miles and the one who is interested in profit is half a car.' 'Our army has penetrated deep into Wei, and it is advisable to deceive the weak form to lure it. In the years of military struggle, although the Qi soldiers were excellent in combat skills, they were known for their timidity and fear of war, and they were not at all the opponents of Wei Guo's brave and fierce warriors, which was originally the disadvantage of Sun Bing, because no matter how much he plotted, the battle always had to be fought by soldiers. However, Sun Zhen is so magical that he can take advantage of the situation and turn the disadvantage into part of his plot. The so-called "100 miles and the interesting profiteer is the general, and the fifty miles and the interesting profiteer is half a car." This sentence comes from Sun Tzu's "Sun Tzu's Art of War and Military Controversy" written by Sun Wu's ancestor Sun Wu. This means that every day the commander will be frustrated by a long-distance attack of a hundred miles; every day for a long run of fifty miles, half of the soldiers will have to be left behind. Wei Wu was elite and could run for a hundred miles in half a day with full armed forces; but the Qi army could not do it, and according to common sense, there would be a large number of people who were left behind, so Sun Bin decided to take advantage of the timidity and poor discipline of the Qi soldiers to give the other side wrong information and lure the Wei army to chase after them in a hurry.
Tian Jinai accepted Sun Zhen's suggestion to first secretly withdraw half of the Qi army to ambush in the Maling Mountains (near present-day Xincheng, Shandong), and then when Pang Juan was about to reach Daliang, the other half of the Qi army also gave up the siege and quickly retreated westward.
After Tian Ji withdrew, he suddenly thought of a question and asked Sun Zhen: Pang Juan had learned from the Battle of Guiling, and he would inevitably do more reconnaissance when pursuing our army.
Sun Bin said, "The Art of War of Sun Tzu says: 'He who is good at moving the enemy will be in shape, and the enemy will obey him.'" 'Today our army shall increase its number to 100,000 men, and it will be gradually reduced tomorrow and the next day. When he saw that the army was suddenly reduced, he would say that our soldiers were afraid to fight, and they fled more than half of them, and they would pursue profits at the same time. His strength will be proud, and his strength will be tired, and I will take it by chance. ”
This time Tian Ji understood, Sun Zhen's move is called "showing form" in the art of war, the so-called enemy is in the heart, the opportunity is in the eye, because of the form, better than the crowd, the good is the good!
It seems that Tian Ji has not made any progress in these years, the so-called near Zhu is close to the ink and black, mixed with Sun Wukong every day, and the sow may not be on the tree.
The Qi army swung away, just as they came with a big swing, not taking away a cloud, but taking away the dignity of the king that King Wei Hui cherished the most. This caused King Wei Hui's already impure old soul to be seriously hurt once again.
- No! Do you think that I Wei Guo came and went as soon as he wanted? Pang Juan, you give the widows to continue to chase, this time you must completely annihilate the main force of the Qi Army, so that its horses will not be returned!
Pang Juan and Crown Prince Shen received the order, so they followed the Qi army to pursue, this time Pang Juan was careful, he sent a large number of scouts, first to investigate whether there was an ambush, and then decided not to pursue, so as not to be ambushed by Sun Zhen again.
Pictured: Pang Juan in the TV series "Great Qin Empire"
However, in this way, the speed of the Wei army's march must have slowed down, and Prince Shen was very angry, quarreling with Pang Juan many times, scolding Pang Juan for being timid, and deliberately letting the Qi army escape!
Pang Juan really had a bitter word, this prince Shen sent by King Hui of Wei didn't know how to fight at all, blind command, everywhere he restrained me, this battle could not be fought!
But there was no way, Prince Shen was the crown prince of the country and a general of the Wei army, and Pang Juan had to obey his command, otherwise he would disobey the military order.
There was no way, Pang Juan had to lead the army to catch up, but the lesson of the last Guiling fiasco was too profound after all, even if the fighter plane was too valuable to send a reconnaissance horse, it was still necessary to pay more attention to the collection of intelligence work, so he left a heart eye, that is, to send someone to count the pits left behind after the Qi army camped. This is the best way to judge the strength of the enemy army in the era of cold weapons, and Pang Juan, as a famous general, knows this well.
As a result, Pang Juan couldn't help but be overjoyed. It turned out that the Qi army's stove pit was decreasing every day, and on the first day it could supply 100,000 soldiers, the second day there were 50,000 left, and on the third day, there were only 30,000 left.
The only explanation for this is that the soldiers of the Qi army fled in large numbers. The quality of the Qi army has always been inferior to that of the Wei army, and it is possible that its rapid march retreats, the troops panic, and a large number of soldiers and soldiers are left behind and fleeing.
But could this be Sun Bing's ploy to lure the enemy? Pang Juan was hesitating with one joy and the other with worry, and Prince Shen hurriedly said, "I know that the Qi army is cowardly, and now that more than half of its soldiers have died, our army should chase after them!" If he is allowed to flee back to the State of Qi, and his achievements are lost, what face will I have to return to see my father and king? ”
Pang Juan hesitated: "Qi people are deceitful, Sun Zhi youzhi, the general still needs to be careful." ”
Crown Prince Shen said angrily, "The Qi people have come to send them to their deaths this time, but the gong is as afraid as a woman, and he is incapable of reaching this point, so how can he be called a famous general in the world?" ”
Pang Juan was most afraid of people saying that he was incompetent in this life, and he couldn't stand it when he heard it, not to mention that the Qi Army's ability to march in a hurry had indeed always been inferior to that of the Wei Army, so he gritted his teeth and left the weight to the rear, while the leading troops only took three days of dry food, day and night, and rushed towards the Ghost Gate Pass.
Regarding the matter of Sun Bing's reduction of the stove, many scholars in later generations have expressed doubts, such as the Southern Song Dynasty Hong Mai put forward in the "Rong Zhai Essay": "(Sun Bing) Fang Shishi pursued profits, and every night he started this battle, I don't know if it is given by geometric people, and everyone will have a stove? "When I read about this when I was a child, I also felt that it was a little too magical, as if it was a bit of a wild history. But after reading more books, I found that the original similar strategy has happened many times in history, which is not unusual at all.
First of all, in the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was a famous general Yu Xue, who once used the method of increasing the stove to break the Qiang soldiers. Similarly, during the Liberation War, the Northwest People's Liberation Army (Peng Dehuai's department) successfully used the zenghuo method on the northwest battlefield to confuse the Kuomintang pursuers. These two events are conclusive historical materials, so it can be seen that using several stoves to detect the number of enemy troops should be very simple military common sense, which has been used in ancient and modern times. In fact, the army is highly institutionalized, the pre-Qin military system, with five people in a column, two columns as a fire, ten people with a fire stove cooking, called each other "fire companion", which is the origin of the word "partner". Mr. Hong Mai would even think that the "Chronicle of History" said that one hundred thousand Qi troops dug a stove pit, which showed his ignorance of the military.
In fact, there are many examples of "showing the form" to confuse the enemy in history, for example, when Wang Mao was building ships in Shu during the Western Jin Dynasty, preparing to attack the State of Wu, he deliberately placed the pieces of wood cut down from the shipbuilding in the river to intimidate the State of Wu. Another time was when the famous Tang Dynasty general Li Jing wanted to attack Jingzhou and attack Xiao Rui, and also deliberately threw pieces of broken wood into the river for Xiao Rui to see, Xiao Rui thought that Li Jing was playing tricks and did not take precautions, as a result, Li Jing immediately led the army down the river, attacked it unprepared, captured Xiao Rui, and thus pacified Jingzhou.
In short, digging the stove and counting the stove is not the problem, dogmatism is the problem, Sun Tzu said: "As for the invisible, the god is divine, as for the silent." "Soldiers are impermanent, water is impermanent, and soldiers are devious, so the collection of military intelligence must be comprehensive and meticulous, so that strategic decisions can be accurately made and invincible." Wei Wupao is China's earliest professional army, and in the process of its standardization and regularization of army building, it is inevitable that it will overcorrect and lead to stereotypical dogma, which are all lessons that our descendants must learn in army building.