He Shaoji said on the "five difficulties" of the book: First, it is difficult to get it from the heart and cannot be adapted to the hand, and this difficulty is related to skill; second, it falls into the trap of the ancients and cannot become a door of its own, which is related to stereotyping; third, the instructions of teachers and friends cannot be put into the pen and change from cowardice to courage, which is related to transformation; fourth, it is difficult to fall on paper like casting, and it is not modified, and this difficulty is related to proficiency; fifth, if there is little reading, the charm is not deep, and this difficulty is related to cultivation.
The so-called Linti is to use the inscription or other Legal Books as an example to compare and imitate and practice, which is the only way to learn calligraphy. Any kind of art has its own inherent laws and laws, and has the skills and methods to express its artistic effects. The same is true of the art of calligraphy. To learn calligraphy, we must first understand the laws and laws of the learned calligraphy in terms of knotting, pen and chapters, and secondly, we must learn the methods and techniques for expressing its artistic effects. We often hear people say that someone's writing is beautiful, someone's writing is cold, and the fundamental difference is not that the writing does not conform to the law of calligraphy, and does the person who write has the corresponding skills?
The laws and techniques of calligraphy art are very different from the general principles and methods of writing now, it has special requirements, and this special requirement is not something that everyone who can write naturally has, and needs to go through special study and training. We now generally learn calligraphy differently from the ancients: the ancients learned (Xi) characters, that is, they used a brush to learn to write the standard fonts (or seal books, or Lishu, or Kaishu, etc.), and there was Also Mr. Zhang's "Oral Finger Painting". And now, as soon as we learn to write, we often use pencils or pens to write "horizontal and vertical" imitation Song style, the knot and pen of the word are far from the requirements of traditional calligraphy, over time, the formation of habits, not only useless to learning calligraphy, but harmful.
Therefore, we now have two tasks in learning calligraphy: one is to get rid of the methods and habits that do not meet the requirements of calligraphy, and the other is to learn the rules and techniques required by the art of calligraphy from scratch. The most effective way to accomplish these two tasks is to study the excellent inscriptions of the predecessors. Learning calligraphy is also like learning music, no matter what instrument you learn, you always have to practice some clever musical notation at the beginning, use these musical scores to practice various techniques, cultivate your own good habits, and when you are mature, you will have new creations when you play.
Only by repeatedly imitating and practicing can you make yourself conform to the pen and write words with the law and charm of traditional calligraphy. If you don't post, always practice according to your original writing methods and habits, or do whatever you want, and swing it arbitrarily, then the result can only be the opposite, and the more you practice, the worse it gets. This is just as Sun Guoting said in the "Book Genealogy": "Ren pen is the body, the ink is formed, the heart is dizzy, the hand is confused with the principle of waving luck, and it is not also absurd!" Learning calligraphy, like learning other arts, always has to have a process of imitation at the beginning, from imitation to perceive and understand its causes (that is, the laws and techniques that create this kind of art), it is impossible to create as soon as you get started.
In addition, the calligraphy art of Chinese characters is our traditional national art, which is always constantly innovating on the basis of inheritance. In the "Five Miscellaneous Tricks," the Ming Dynasty said: "Whoever learns the ancients must use the methods of the ancients for his initiation, and in the end, he must transport his own wind gods, not only books." Xie's words not only show that our traditional calligraphy should be developed and innovated (that is, future generations of calligraphers should write their own wind gods), but also show that this development and innovation should be based on inheritance (that is, using the methods of the ancients).
Linti is to master the laws of the ancients and become familiar with the writing skills of the predecessors. Only in this way can we not lose the traditional and national nature of Chinese calligraphy and have a solid foundation for innovation. Throughout the ages, there has been no great calligrapher who has achieved and distinguished himself from paying no attention to the post. An outstanding Wang Xizhi's "Lanting Narrative", countless practitioners of the past generations, there are still many famous books circulating, and Wang Xizhi himself is also in and out of the hundreds of homes to finally form their own style. Some contemporary calligraphers who have made great achievements and are famous are also those who have been spending several years and have not dropped out of the post. They regard Gu Ti as their best teacher, constantly drawing new nutrients from it and writing new ideas. Now some people doubt the proposition that the study of books must be posted, want to take shortcuts, and rush to achieve results, which is very unwise. There are also scribes who are suffering from too little traditional stuff and have to go back to the lessons of the ancients, a lesson that is an excellent sobering agent for skeptics.
People often ask what posts should be posted when starting or at a certain stage, often ask "do you see what post I am good", or ask "which body I learn is good", or ask "why do I want to post", and more often people ask "how do I always come not like", there are many questions. As far as I understand, I will try to discuss it here.
"Thesis" is a synonym for samples and models here. The model is not to be exactly the same as it, not to be written as a copy of the words on the handwritten post, but to use the model as a score to practice the skills of his own hands. For example, practicing the piano, playing against the score of famous songs every day to practice the basic skills. Of course, the first advent always requires similar requirements, learns all aspects of the methods in the model, and applies them to the words and sentences that you want to write, which is the purpose of the post.
What post to choose, it all depends on several conditions. Which style of words you like, like the taste of the hobby, others can not come up with ideas. Secondly, which post, in ancient times, not only was it not easy to get the authentic works of famous artists, that is, it was not easy to get a good copy. There is a model book for people who have not practiced words well in their lives, I really don't know how many. Now that photocopying technology is developed, good models can be bought everywhere, according to their own hobbies or "near the sex" to learn, there is no "half the effort" effect.
"Can I change the model?" There must be a stable stage of proficiency in learning everything, but if you find that the model at hand really has a wrong appetite or goes against your own personality, why not change to another? It is not good to "see different thoughts and move" casually, but why shouldn't "see the good and move, and if you have done it, you will change" (the I Ching language) ?
Or ask, "How come I'm always different?" Anyone who learns the handwriting of another person cannot be like, and if it is like that, and it is all realistic, then the signature is legally invalid. Therefore, the character of Wang Xianzhi cannot be very similar to Wang Xizhi, and the word of Mi Youren cannot be very similar to That of Mi Fu. Su Rui's characters cannot be very similar to Su Shi's, and Cai Bian's characters cannot be very similar to Cai Jing's. The so-called "although in the father and brother, can not be moved to the children" (Cao Pi language), not to mention the time and place are far apart, have not met the ancients? Pro-learning is enough for the absorption method, not for the forgery. Learning to seek "likeness" is to "be accurate" in the method.
Q: "How are some of the features in the inscription written?" For example, the square pen in the Longmen Statue Record, Yan Zhenqing's pen in the character out of the front, how should I learn? "The conical brush head, in any case, can not write such a "knife and axe" square strokes, those square strokes on the stele. They are all traces left by the knife carving. Therefore, after seeing the ink of that era, and looking at the stone carved rubbings, it is not difficult to understand what the weight of the strokes on the original books before the carvings should be. If you can master the main tracks of the dense strokes, even if you look at the knife marks and axe marks, you can become a reference for calligraphy. As for the yan body's foot out of another path, it is caused by the characteristics of the Tang Dynasty brush making method, the center of the Tang pen "main front" is harder and longer, the "deputy milli" next to it is gradually shortened, forming half a jujube core, after holding the foot down, when the pen is lifted, the deputy milli stops, and the main front still leaves a trace at the lifting place, that is, it is like a small tip added. Not only is this the case with the pen, but also at the hook where the end of some downward vertical pens and then to the left is also often seen, which was called "crab claw" by the predecessors, that is, the result of the inconsistency between the main and the deputy millimeter.
People often ask "which one" should be learned. The so-called "body" refers to a certain person or a certain type of calligraphy style, we try to see a number of stele written by someone in ancient times, a number of posts, often different from each other. What body do we learn, and where do we take it as the boundary of that body? If that man does not have absolute, fixed boundaries on his own works, how can we learn his unity? There is no credibility in saying that there should be anyone to learn first and then learn whom. In addition, there is a saying that the word is first sealed, then subordinate, and then there is a letter, so to have a "fundamental" and "source", you must first learn the seal before you can write a good letter. We see chickens hatching from eggs, but people who have never seen painting must first learn to draw eggs before they can draw chickens!
There are also people who misunderstand the "power" in the strokes, thinking that they must write hard to appear. In fact, the "powerful" of the stroke is due to its accurate orbit, giving the viewer a "powerful" feeling, if the next pen, the fingers, wrists, elbows, arms and any other place consciously use the force, those places will inevitably be rigid, and can not write a beautiful "sense of force". There are also people who deliberately pursue what is "majestic", "upright", "handsome", "simple", etc., not only can not be realized, or even can not write an ordinary word. In the Qing Dynasty, Weng Fanggang titled a vague ancient post with a poem that said: "Hun Pu should use the pen first." "We really can't imagine that the pen should be simple before it has fallen, unless the writer is a baby."
Q: "How many words do you have to write each day?" This is the same as the question of how many meals to eat per day, the amount of food eaten per person is different, and the rules cannot be consistent. Always eat when the appetite is strong, digestion and absorption is also very easy. Having a quota for students' homework is a purpose and requirement, and the hobbyist's practice of words is a purpose and requirement, which cannot be equated. I have a friend who must write a few words every day, all of which are on the verge of moving tablets, and the yuanshu paper that is written is stacked on the ground, and there are two large stacks of one person high. I went to look through it, and the upper layer was not as good as the lower layer. Because he is tired of writing, but he still has to write, just to "complete the task", in addition to the idea of "making a difference" to himself, there is also the idea of showing others "achievements". In fact, the real "grade" is not in the number of "quantity".
Some people misunderstand the word "kung fu". I think that a long time and a large number of people are called "kung fu". In fact, "kung fu" is the accumulation of "accuracy". Skilled, the next pen can be accurate, is the effect of kung fu. For example, shooting targets with guns and blindly putting hundreds of bullets every day is not as good as carefully shooting a shot with both hands and eyes, if you can shoot two in one at a time, it is already good. Therefore, it can be said: "Kung Fu is not blind time plus quantity, but accurate repetition to achieve proficiency." ”
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