The offspring of the northern goat and the domestic goat are crossed offspring – ewes and lambs. Correspondent Zheng Wenxin filmed
Morning News All Media News (Text/ Chief Reporter Yu Jiang Yan Photo/Xinjiang Snow Antelope Breeding Base Provided) What will be the offspring of the national first-class protected animal, the Northern Goat, and the domestic goat, which will be like?
On June 21, the reporter learned from the Xinjiang Academy of Animal Sciences that Xinjiang has carried out experiments on hybrid improvement and breeding of new varieties of northern goats and domestic goats, and since 2006, more than 6,000 hybrid goats have been bred, and these goats with northern goat genes have been raised in several pastures such as the snow antelope breeding base in Miaoergou Township, Changji City. At present, the F5 generation has been bred, and breeding units such as the Xinjiang Academy of Animal Sciences are preparing to name new breeds, tentatively named snow antelope.
In the snow antelope breeding base, the reporter saw that the snow antelope is physically strong, taller than the family goat, the body is larger than the family goat, and the snow antelope ears are sensitive, the ears are erect and hard, and can be rotated according to the direction of the sound source, and the maximum can be turned back and forth by more than 100 degrees; in contrast, the ears of the goats are much softer, and the ears of some goats are even shrugged. "The family goat looks relatively more beautiful, and the snow antelope inherits many excellent characteristics of the northern goat father, looks more heroic, the ears are hard and flexible, the horns are more like a large machete, and the horns are larger and longer than the family goat's horns." The posture when running is not the same as that of the domestic sheep, and it is slightly similar to that of a deer. The chest is wider and deeper than that of ordinary domestic sheep, and the rear drive is developed. Lambs grow fast, and are resistant to disease and resistant to retrograde weather are very strong, lambs have less dysentery and a high survival rate. Zheng Wenxin, vice president of the Xinjiang Academy of Animal Sciences, said.
Not only that, the snow antelope super can run and jump: the fence of the ordinary goat breeding pen is generally 1.5 meters high, while the naughty snow antelope faces the three or four meters high breeding pen, and can jump on the roof without running. However, the modified and bred snow antelope "jumping fence" is not to escape from prison, their "jumping fence" is just fun. The snow antelope has a sense of closeness to people and is docile when people approach to feed it. Even rams with strong males are willing to be close to people who feed them regularly. Unlike the northern goat, even if it is seventy or eighty meters away, as long as it sees a person, it runs hard to escape, and the male northern goat has a certain aggression towards people.
According to Zheng Wenxin, the purpose of breeding snow antelope is several:
First, it can be used to cultivate new varieties with fine and dense velvet. In recent years, Cashmere in China has been getting thicker, and there is an urgent need to control the fineness of cashmere. However, at present, there are fewer velvet resources. After years of follow-up research between the Breeding Sheep and Wool Cashmere Quality Inspection Center of the Ministry of Agriculture and the Forestry Department, the fineness of the velvet of the Northern Goat and the Tibetan Antelope is distributed in 10-14 microns, and the thickest of individuals is also 19 microns, and the finest ones are also 9-10 microns, and the density is very good. Using the all-weather fine length rapid detector developed by the Xinjiang Academy of Animal Sciences and other units, it is possible to identify excellent individuals who are thin and long. Northern goats can be crossed with domestic goats, and traits such as elongation of velvet are medium to high heritability. According to the test, the average fineness of snow antelope cashmere currently cultivated is 13 to 14 microns, of which the finest has reached 10 microns.
The Fineness of Tibetan Antelope Cashmere, known as "soft gold", is 11-12 microns. "Tibetan antelope is different from pandas, two hours after the birth of lambs, wolves can not catch up; the survival rate of plateau sun and snow conditions is also high, so the vitality is very strong." If there is no poaching, the Tibetan antelope can live well. The state has set up a protected area, and heroes like Jessan Sonandaj who hold guns to defend themselves have been subjected to crazy poaching, because the Tibetan antelope is very fine velvet. But our research will soon produce fine products of even better quality than Tibetan antelope cashmere. At that time, not only will the income from farmers and herders' breeding increase significantly, but also the Tibetan antelope will not need to be protected. Zheng Wenxin said.
Second, colored cashmere goats can be bred. "Wild and domestic sheep cross to produce colorful cashmere. We are cultivating colored velvet varieties with the support of the Xinjiang Science and Technology Department through the Youth Innovative Talents Project. ”
The third is to improve the disease resistance of domestic goats. In recent years, sheep breeding in rural areas has developed rapidly, but one of the problems that plague house feeding is that many breeds of sheep have high mortality rates in the process of captivity. After harsh natural selection, the northern goat has strong vitality, disease resistance and resistance to retrograde weather, which is very good and more resistant to rough feeding.
The fourth is to improve the quality of meat. According to the detection and cultivation of snow antelope lamb meat quality has been improved, the fat content in the lamb has been reduced, more suitable for modern people like to eat lean meat consumption needs. And the amino acid composition of muscle is also different from that of ordinary domestic goats, and the taste of meat is better.
Fifth, the ability to produce meat has been improved. When the average domestic goat is raised to the age of one, the weight is generally 15-25 kg, while the core group of snow antelope can reach 30 to 45 kg. At two to three years of age, the core group can weigh 20-50% more than the average goat.
At present, many farmers in Shandong, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shanxi and other inland provinces and regions have shown strong interest in snow antelope breeding. "Snow antelope is very adaptable, and adapting to these places is not a problem." Zheng Wenxin said.
It is reported that in 2006, when a herder in Manas County was grazing in the depths of the Tianshan Mountains, two lambs of five or six months old northern goats mixed into the flock, and after the herders were afraid of violating the wildlife protection law and drove them away, one of the northern goat lambs remained near the sheep and refused to leave. Later, it was this northern goat that was pro-plum bamboo horse with the family goat and the herdsman's family goat, and bred offspring that year. The leaders of the local township veterinary station approached the Xinjiang Academy of Animal Sciences, and with the approval of the forestry department, Zheng Wenxin's team of the Academy of Animal Sciences has been tracking research and continuously expanding. With the support of ministries, commissions, departments and bureaus for many years, aquaculture enterprises have overcome many difficulties and gradually developed into today's groups.
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