In 1903, the "Shuntian Times" in Beijing published an advertisement for marriage, and the conditions for marriage were as follows:
1. Hubei women are limited; 2. Smooth and smooth writing, able to make short text; 3, everyone boudoir show; 4. Born in school, both sides are equal and free, respect each other, and maintain virtue; 5. Oppose foot binding for women; In addition, the husband can remarry after death, and the husband can divorce if he is not in harmony.
This was the first case of marriage in China, and as soon as it was published, it caused an uproar and became a strange talk in the streets and alleys, and newspapers around the world also rushed to reprint it.
The person who posted this advertisement was named Zhang Taiyan.
Zhang Taiyan (1869-1936), originally known as Xuecheng ( 学乘 ), was later renamed Binglin (炳麟). Born in Yuhang, Zhejiang, he was a democratic revolutionary, thinker, and famous scholar in the late Qing Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty.
Zhang Taiyan was intelligent from an early age, and when he was 6 years old, he made a poem according to the weather:
Thunder in the sky,
Underground rain poured down.
Caged chicken closed,
Outdoor dog tube door.
At that time, everyone was shocked, no one expected that the 6-year-old child could have such a good literary style, and his father quickly ordered someone to bring rice paper, pen and ink, and recorded Zhang Taiyan's "six-year-old children's poem" with a pen, which is now treasured in the Zhang Taiyan Memorial Hall.
Zhang Taiyan is very accomplished in literature, but did not take the imperial examination, he has suffered from epilepsy since he was a child, when he was 16 years old, he was going to take the county examination, who knew that suddenly epileptic seizures, his father thought deeply and decided to let him give up the imperial examination.
Zhang Taiyan was very arrogant, saying some reactionary crazy words from time to time, and he often scolded Sun Yat-sen, but when he scolded Sun Yat-sen, others could only listen and could not echo.
Once, in order to flatter Zhang Taiyan, someone echoed and scolded him right, and as a result, Zhang Taiyan immediately slapped this person and taught: "What are you?" The Prime Minister (Sun Yat-sen) is a great man of the first rank in China, and no one but me is qualified to scold him. ”
Because Zhang Taiyan has epilepsy and arrogance in words and deeds, he is called "Zhang Crazy", and the people around him are not willing to marry their daughters to him. Seeing that her son was too old to get a wife, the mother was anxious, so she had to give him her dowry, Wang Shi.
Wang was born low, and this marriage did not have the words of a matchmaker, so it was not a formal marriage, but a concubine.
Regarding this marriage, Zhang Taiyan made a simple record on the homemade annals: "Guangxu eighteen years, twenty-five years old, concubine Wang. ”
In 1903, Wang died, leaving 3 children, Zhang Taiyan was ready to marry again, so he simply published a newspaper in the "Suncheon Times" for marriage.
One of the requirements on the marriage advertisement is a Hubei woman, and Zhang Taiyan has a good feeling for Hubei women, and it is said that there are two reasons.
First, Zhang Taiyan studied ancient sounds, and many ancient sounds are preserved in the voices of Hubei people.
Second, Zhang Taiyan liked a woman named Wu Shuqing, who was from Hubei.
Wu Shuqing also had a good feeling for Zhang Taiyan, and the reason why the two did not eventually become a family was reported in the August 1936 China Literature Daily in Japan: "Ms. Wu Shuqing, at the age of nineteen, volunteered to join the revolutionary army, known as a revolutionary female volunteer, and was a sensational news figure at the time. He is willing to be Zhang Binglin's partner and intends to show love. Zhang Shi was confused and did not mind. Li Yuanhong saw this situation and was willing to be a matchmaker. Zhang's emphasis on revolution and marriage are secondary, which is not a fact. ”
To sum it up simply, Zhang Taiyan only wants to engage in career and misses love.
Although Zhang Taiyan had a deep obsession with marrying a Hubei native, the Tang Guoli he later married was not from Hubei, but he could also speak E.
Tang Guoli (1883-1980), the character Zhiying, was intelligent and studious since childhood, and attended private school for two years.
In 1905, Tang Guoli was impressed by the new trend of revolutionary thought and came up with the idea of "learning knowledge and serving the country like a boy", and entered the Shanghai Wuben Girls' School under the sponsorship of his uncle.
In 1907, Tang Guoli graduated with the first place and went to Wuxing Girls' School, where he was later promoted to principal.
Tang Guoli advocated equality between men and women, and once put forward the demand for "women's participation in politics", and after receiving the support of Dr. Sun Yat-sen, she established the "Shenzhou Women's Circle Association" and at the same time founded the "Shenzhou Women's Daily".
According to Zheng Yimei' record, Tang Guoli and Zhang Taiyan met under the introduction of their cousin Shen Bochen, but at that time, many rumors spread that Zhang Taiyan was crazy, and Tang Guoli's righteous father scolded Shen Bochen after learning about this matter, and said that he wanted to meet zhang Taiyan to test whether he was really crazy.
Shen Bochen arranged for the two to meet, and Zhang Taiyan had long been prepared, and on the day of the meeting, he was well dressed and reasonable, Shen Hefu was very satisfied, and he also held a grievance for his future son-in-law: "Who is zhang crazy?" The madman of the Zhang clan is really crazy! ”
So, the marriage was so fixed.
In 1913, the wedding of Zhang Taiyan and Tang Guoli was held in Shanghai Hartung Garden, because the Western-style wedding was chosen, so the bride wore a wedding dress, the groom wore a suit and leather shoes, and Zhang Taiyan always wore only cloth shoes, and when he saw the leather shoes, he couldn't tell the difference between left and right, and even put the leather shoes backwards, which caused the guests to laugh wildly.
The wedding was very grand, the guests were all celebrities, even Sun Yat-sen, Huang Xing, Chen Qimei and other people personally came to congratulate the scene, just looking at the pomp and circumstance will think that Tang Guoli is the gateway to marry some nobleman, but in fact Zhang Taiyan is a poor ghost, the family only has a white wooden square table and four long wooden benches, and other furniture and furnishings in the new room are rented from outside.
Poor is nothing, Tang Guoli was born a commoner, used to a hard life, and did not take it seriously. But what she couldn't stand was that only a month after the marriage, Zhang Taiyan went north to fight Yuan Shikai, and as a result, he was arrested and placed under house arrest for three years.
During Zhang Taiyan's house arrest, he repeatedly asked for a quick death, Tang Guoli did not want to be a widow, begging for people everywhere, she once called Yuan Shikai, begging him to release Zhang Taiyan, the attitude was very humble: "The grandson is arrogant and arrogant, and he has long been president Haihan, and staying in Beijing is all for the sake of preservation." But the old servants were picked up, communication was difficult, and they lived deep in Longquan, and they were not interested. Fu Begging Qu gave consolation, measured freedom, and gave more food to save life. Li Jie was a year old, swore an oath of 100 years old, tied the knot grass, and the picture had a day. ”
And the roof leaked during the overnight rain, Zhang Taiyan's eldest daughter suddenly hanged herself at this juncture, and Tang Guoli's heart did not mention how sad it was.
Three years later, Yuan Shikai died, and Tang Guoli finally looked forward to her husband being released and returned home, but Zhang Taiyan had not lived home for a month before he ran to Nanyang to fight for revolutionary forces, and it was half a year. After returning from Nanyang, when the eldest son Zhang Was born for more than two months, Zhang Taiyan left home again to participate in the Protector War, which lasted longer, a full year and three months.
It is already polite to say hello and then go, and Zhang Taiyan sometimes even says goodbye without saying goodbye.
According to Zhang Dao's recollection, in the summer of 1917, Zhang Taiyan went to Sun Yat-sen's house to discuss important matters, and Tang Guoli sent someone to pick him up for three consecutive days, and the response he got was: The meeting was not over, and he did not come back.
Until the fourth day, Tang Guoli was trying to send someone to pick him up again, but he saw in the newspaper that Zhang Taiyan had gone to Guangzhou with Sun Yat-sen on a warship, and he did not even give an explanation to his family.
In the first few years after Tang Guoli's marriage, there was no difference between him and the widow, and whenever she recalled these days, she would sigh: "Zhang Taiyan's heart only has the country, no home." ”
For the matter of marrying Zhang Taiyan, Tang Guoli once felt very aggrieved, and once complained: "Regarding the selection of Zhang Taiyan, for a young woman, there are several points that are not in line with the requirements. One is that he is not good-looking, the second is that he is too old (13 years older than me), and the third is that he is very poor. However, for the sake of the revolution, he cut his braids during the reign of the Qing Dynasty, and later went to prison for the revolution and ran the "Minbao" to publicize the revolution. I thought that I could ask him for advice at any time after marriage, so I agreed to the marriage. Unlike Zhang Taiyan after marriage, he gradually overbeared with her husband's power. Although wang shi, a concubine who knew that he had died, had three daughters with him, if he did not agree, he was insulted by him. Therefore, it is too inflammatory to get rid of the old ugly and poor, and the temper is also very bad. ”
At the beginning, Zhang Taiyan's stinky problem of "using husband power to overpower others" was indeed very serious.
Before marriage, Zhang Taiyan claimed that he did not have any strict conditions for his future wife, as long as he could read the Dream of the Red Chamber, but after marriage, he insisted that Tang Guoli read "Explanation of Words" every day; he often despised the literary level of Tang Guoli, Tang Guoli had written a poem when he was young, and when her son was five or six years old, she taught this poem to her son, Zhang Taiyan listened to it but sneered: "This poem does not know where it was copied." ”
The number of such things is also uncountable, Tang Guoli has suffered too much anger, fortunately, she is a smart woman, and soon realized a set of imperial arts.
As the marriage grew longer, Zhang Taiyan began to be countered by Tang Guoli.
Xue Huishan's article records: "Zhang Taiyan is crazy, but there is one person who can soften Zhang Taiyan, that is, his wife, Madam Tang Guoli, just when he is mad and gushing, as long as Madam Tang sniffs, he will nod his head and smile and no longer make a sound." ”
Yes, as long as Tang Guoli is angry, Zhang Taiyan immediately obeys his words, and he even gives up the opportunity to be president for Tang Guoli.
When the family lived in Shanghai, someone once went to the family to talk secretly, saying that they had organized a Chinese government-in-exile in Japan and hoped that Zhang Taiyan would be able to serve as president and preside over the grand plan in Japan.
Zhang Taiyan was dissatisfied with the regime at that time, so he was eager to become president.
At this time, Tang Guoli said to Zhang Taiyan in front of the guests: "This family is shared by me, if you want to become president, then I definitely don't want to be the president's wife, you leave home to go to Japan to become the exiled president of China, this family is mine." After that, whether you are president or not, you don't have to ask me about this home again. Tomorrow I will personally make a sumptuous banquet for you. ”
Zhang Taiyan was anxious after listening to it, afraid that Tang Guoli would really divorce him, so he quickly dismissed the idea of going to Japan and blew the guests out.
Tang Guoli has some control over Zhang Taiyan and occasionally complains about her husband's career, but as long as Dayi is currently supportive, she has participated in social activities with Zhang Taiyan many times and is Zhang Taiyan's most powerful assistant.
After the September 18 incident, Tang Guolifu sang women who followed Zhang Taiyan to mobilize the anti-Japanese resistance;
After the Battle of Songhu began, Tang Guoli founded the Wounded Soldiers Hospital in Shanghai to support the 19th Route Army in resisting Japan, and she also founded the Zhang's Guoxue Training Institute in Zhang Taiyan;
Until Zhang Taiyan's death, Tang Guoli still insisted on running the school for the sake of her husband's legacy, and took the collation and publication of her husband's last works as her lifelong wish;
In 1979, Tang Guoli published the Complete Works of Zhang Taiyan;
In 1980, Tang Guoli, who was 97 years old, died of illness in Suzhou;
Six years later, she was buried on the side of Zhang Taiyan's tomb in the foothills of Nanping Mountain on the shore of Hangzhou's Xizi Lake, and stayed with her husband again.
Zhang Taiyan is not a perfect husband, he has abandoned his wife and son several times for his career, but despite this, Tang Guoli still tolerates him and accompanies him throughout his life, and he also retracts his bad temper, revealing the tenderness and romance of a rough man.
There is a saying that it is easy to fall in love with each other.
The beginning of love is not necessarily appropriate, and it can be reconciled with each other in the long river of years to last.
Note: The image originates from the Internet