Li Huan, who was regarded as the ancestor of the Li Tang imperial family, was a Longxi Chengji. In the Book of Jin, the Biography of Li Xuansheng, the King of Liangwu Zhao, it is said that Li Xuansheng's ancestor was Li Guang, a former general of the Western Han Dynasty. During the Northern Liang Duanye period, Li Huan was appointed as the Taishou of Dunhuang, and the Frustrated Qu clan tried to cut off Li Huan as Duan Ye's wing. Duan Ye was both dissatisfied with the Depressed Qu clan and suspicious of Li Huan. In the end, Duan Ye killed the leader of the Frustrated Canal clan, Frustrated Canal Nancheng, and appeased Li Yu. Frustrated Qu Nancheng's younger brother Frustrated Qu Mengxun killed Duan Ye, Li Xuanjian changed his title to Yuan, and the Xiliang regime was born.
Li Xuan, King of Western Liang
Li Huan made Dunhuang the capital, called himself "Liang Gong" and "Great General", and changed his name to "Gengzi". Xiliang is the westernmost part of Liangzhou, so it is called "Xiliang" in history, and when Li Xuan first built it, Xiliang only had land from Yumen to Gaochang. In the "Five Liang" regime, the geographical conditions of Xiliang were the worst, and although they were later expanded, except for Dunhuang and Jiuquan, which were sparsely populated sandy areas, and the pace was not more than 40,000, and the strength was simply not enough to compete with other regimes. However, when Li Xuancao created Xiliang, he took the first priority of relieving the army and raising the people and making the country rich and the people strong. Li Xuan's ability to know people well and to distinguish between rewards and punishments was rare in the regime during the Sixteen Kingdoms period.
Cool west
After Li Xuan moved the capital to Jiuquan, he once said to his courtiers, "I am pushed by the sages for my widowhood, and I will not forget to sleep and eat, Si Ji Li Shu." "Li Kuan, who was stable in his career, revitalized culture and education, developed population, and passed through the western region, and moved the capital Jiuquan to the east to compete with Northern Liang for hegemony, but unfortunately Li Kuan's Western Liang was not enough to compete with Northern Liang. Li Xuan once wrote a "Shu Zhi Fu" to write about the change in Hexi from Zhang's former liang to Lü's later cool, people hope to chase the deer's map, and the family has the idea of hegemony. He hoped that he could show his grand plans like Liu Bang, the ancestor of Han Gao, Liu Bei, the Emperor of Shu Han, and Sun Quan, the Emperor of Wu. But the reality is cruel, and Xi Liang is not enough to achieve the hegemony of the Han Empire or Jiangdong.
Li Xuan's "Shu ZhiFu"
After Li Xuan's death, his son Li Xin was unable to exert the same efforts as his father to govern and care for the country and the people. Li Xin was killed in battle against Mengxun of The Northern Liang Depression Canal, and soon after his death, Northern Liang destroyed Western Liang.
When Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty surrendered to the Han Dynasty, some of them moved into Linsong Mountain. Linsong Mountain is also called "Green Pine Mountain" or "Horseshoe Mountain". These Xiongnu were placed here to breed, and developed the "Linsong Lu Shuihu" with the Linsong Lushui as the source. One of Lu Shuihu's clans, because their ancestors had served as the Xiongnu's "Zuo Frustrated Canal", their descendants took the official as their clan, that is, the Frustrated Canal clan.
Map of Hexi
Duan Ye, who founded Northern Liang, had a depressed canal under his command, but was later killed by Duan Ye. Frustrated Canal Mengxun's younger brother Frustrated Canal Mengxun killed Duan Ye to take over Liang, and it was also Depressed Canal Mengxun who destroyed Li's Xiliang. In the Five Liangs of the Sixteen Kingdoms period, The Depressed Canal Mengxun was one of the most dazzling male lords. Although He was a Hu person, he "read the history of the group and knew a lot about astronomy", and he had wisdom and strategy. Almost at the same time as the establishment of the western Liang Dynasty, the Northern Liang of The Depression Canal Mengxun also came into being in Zhangye, and he called himself the Great General, Liangzhou Mu, and the Duke of Zhangye, changing the yuan to "Yong'an" and sealing the ministers.
Frustrated Monson
Frustrated Canal Mengxun did not vigorously conquer and expand the territory, but Xiliang Li Xuan wanted to swing his army to the east, of course, he would not back down. In addition, they maintained a friendly attitude towards Houqin and Nanliang, and even spared no effort to accept the quality. Then after alleviating the external pressure, we will vigorously develop production. Guzang famine, Beiliang can take out grain "more than 10,000 hu to help the hungry", which shows that agriculture is developed. In addition, Frustrated Qu Mengxun was not as suspicious and narrow-minded as Duan Ye. During the battle between Northern Liang and Western Liang, Northern Liang's Xi Commandery Taishou Liang Zhongyong surrendered to Xi Liang, and Meng Xun not only did not blame his family, but also sent someone to send Liang Zhongyong's wife and children to Jiuquan in Xiliang. Zhangye, who surrendered to Western Liang and then returned to Northern Liang, was too shoujue and Hule, and Meng Xun treated it as before. Originally, Liu Xun, the great Confucian in Xiliang, was worshipped by Li Yu as a Rulin sacrifice wine, and later When Xiliang perished, Liu Xun entered Northern Liang as an old vassal of Xiliang, and Mengxun honored him as "Mr. Xuanchu". Because of the depressed attitude of Mengxun, Beiliang formed a good style of respecting Confucianism and emphasizing learning.
Frustrated Canal Mengxun broke the Western Liang, conquered the Southern Liang and eventually unified Hexi, lidu Guzang, under his rule of the Frustrated Canal clan regime east to the Yellow River, west to Gaochang, north to Rouran, south to Hehuang, Depressed Canal Mengxun called "King of Hexi". But in the end, Northern Liang was destroyed by Northern Wei, and Northern Wei completed its mission to unify the north.
The Northern Wei Dynasty unified the North
During the Sixteen Kingdoms period, Liangzhou developed in the midst of war, and agriculture, animal husbandry, culture and education, economy and even urban construction all developed greatly. "Guzang", as the core of Liangzhou, naturally receives special attention. In the "Five Liangs", the former liang, the later liang, the southern liang, and the northern liang were all once the capital city of "Guzang". Xiliang also wanted to move east, but stopped at Jiuquan, which was destroyed because of the obstruction of Beiliang, and the eastward advance was unsuccessful.
Wuwei Ancient City
In the former Liang Dynasty, Guzang was greatly repaired, and according to history, "Guzang in the great city, Xiu Lingjuntai". The "Hall of Humble Light" was built in the city, and the Painting of the Hall of Humble Light was exquisitely decorated in five colors. In the four sides of the Qianguang Hall, there is another hall: the east is called "Yiyang Qingdian", which lives in the spring; the south is called "Zhuyang Chidian", which lives in summer; the west is called "Criminal White Hall", which lives in autumn; the winter is called "Xuanwu Black Hall", which lives in winter.
Hexi
The utensils and costumes used by Zhang Jun in different halls throughout the year should also be regulated according to the square color. This is exactly the etiquette of the Son of Heaven in the Book of Rites * Moon Order.
In addition to Guzang, Zhangye, Jiuquan, Dunhuang, Ledu and other cities have also been developed.
Major works: "Legend of the Dragon and Phoenix", "The Hegemony of the Three Kingdoms in the Chaotic World of the North and the South", "Gao ChengChuan", "Love Detective Tailing", "Twenty-seven Years of Yin Chan", "Lost in ancient China" series in ancient China, "Interpretation of Chinese Characters in Museum Bronze Names" series, "Chinese Characters" Glyph Interpretation, "History of western Zhou in Bronze Inscriptions", "Jin Kingdom Hegemony", "Dream Back to Spring and Autumn", etc.