Tuoba Si: "I should not be a prince, don't let my mother die", the old father reprimanded: I am for your own good
Text/Zhang Xiuyang
After Emperor Daowu of Northern Wei became emperor, Tuoba Jue, the Emperor of Northern Wei, set three rules for Northern Wei: 1. Before the empress was established, she must be cast into a golden person by her own hand, otherwise she could not be made an empress; 2. If a lady in the harem gave birth to a son and was made crown prince, her mother must be given death; 3. Han women could not be made empress.
The first to encounter this rule was his beloved wife Liu Shi, the biological mother of Tuoba Si, the second emperor of Northern Wei.
Tuoba Si (392–423), also known as Emperor Mingyuan of Northern Wei (409–423), was a Native Mu Mo. The eldest son of Emperor Tuoba Jue of Daowu, the father of Emperor Taiwu Tuoba Tao, and the second emperor of Northern Wei.
In the seventh year of Dengguo (392), he was born in Tuoba Si Yunzhong Palace.
Emperor Daowu had a son late, and was very happy to hear that his son was born, so he pardoned the world. Tuoba Si was clever and wise, generous and courageous, and indecent, and Emperor Daowu was very surprised. On October 25, the sixth year of Tianxing (403), he was crowned king of Qi, worshiped Xiangguo, and was awarded the title of Grand General on horseback.
In 409, in October of the sixth year of Tianci, Tuoba Si was made crown prince by his father Tuoba Jue, emperor of Northern Wei Daowu, and Tuoba Si's biological mother Liu Guiren would be killed by Emperor Daowu in accordance with Northern Wei's state policy of "establishing sons and killing mothers".
Tuoba Si was stunned, he knelt in front of his father, wept bitterly, and begged his father not to kill his mother, he would rather not be a prince, and asked his father to appoint someone else as a prince.
Tuoba Jue reprimanded his son, saying: "In the past, Emperor Wu of Han prepared to appoint his son Liu Fuling and kill his mother Lady Hook Yi in order to prevent harem women from participating in state affairs, resulting in foreign relatives proving evidence. You want to inherit the imperial system, so I follow the example of Emperor Wu of Han and make long-term considerations for you. It's for your own good, you don't have to be so confused. ”
From then on, this provision was used in the Northern Wei Dynasty until more than a hundred years later.
After Tuoba Si was reprimanded by his father, he was still sad and was angrily rebuked out of the palace by Tuoba Jue. After Tuoba Si left the palace, he also went into the palace to beg his father, and his cronies advised him: "The emperor is angry, if you enter the palace again, your life will be difficult to protect, it is better to temporarily avoid the limelight, and then come back when the emperor's anger subsides."
Tuoba Si escaped from Datong with two of his cronies.
The day after Tuoba Si escaped, his mother was given death.
At this time, the empress was Murong Shi, and Tuoba Jue, after pacifying Later Yan, snatched the young daughter of Murong Bao, the lord of Later Yan, who was beautiful and charming, behaved dignified and generously, and was very favored by Tuoba Jue.
When the empress was first chosen, Lady Liu began to cast gold people. Murong Shi spent money to buy a hand-cast gold eunuch, and as a result, the eunuch mixed people with impurities when melting gold water, and Liu Shi cast gold people failed and did not become empress. Murong Shi succeeded in casting gold by hand when he tried. Murong Shi was made empress.
Tuoba Jue also had a son named Tuoba Shao. The origin of this son is a scandal.
Tuoba Jue saw that his mother Empress He's sister looked very beautiful, so he fell in love with this aunt at first sight and brazenly wanted to marry his aunt. The mother refused on the spot, saying: "Your aunt is married and you can't rob it, and if you marry your aunt, what do I call you?" Tuoba Jue did not spare this aunt. He secretly killed his uncle, and later, he made this aunt a lady, gave birth to a son Tuoba Shao, and was made the King of Qinghe.
Tuoba Shao is cruel by nature and belongs to the category of hooligans. Usually, he changed into civilian clothes, wandered the streets of Pingcheng, robbed pedestrians of their belongings, and told servants to strip them naked, in order to make fun of them. Because he was a prince, the people of Pingcheng did not dare to provoke him, so they had to swallow their anger.
Tuoba Jue heard Tuoba Shao's evil deeds from other people, ordered the people to catch him, tie Tuoba Shao with five flowers, head down, feet up, and hang him into a well, until he was about to run out of breath, and then pull him out. Since then, Tuoba Shao has hated his father's bones.
One day, Tuoba Jue and Lady He had a conflict and prepared to kill Lady He. Lady He immediately sent a letter to Tuoba Shao, saying: Your father is going to kill me, and you want to think of saving me. Tuoba Shao was furious, and he gathered ten of his men, and in the night he climbed over the palace wall and entered the Tian'an Hall where Tuoba Jue lived, and with his sword in his hand, he killed his father, Tuoba Jue.
The imperial capital was in chaos, and Tuoba Si, the crown prince of the Eastern Palace, rushed back from other places, hiding in the mountains during the day and staying at the home of his entourage Wang Luo'er at night.
After hearing the news of Tuoba Si, the civil and military officials rushed out of the city to greet him. The palace guards captured Tuoba Shao and escorted him, and Tuoba Si ordered the execution of Tuoba Shao's mother and son, and killed Tuoba Shao's warriors and eunuch palace women who served as internal responses.
Tuoba Si ascended the throne on October 17 (November 10) of the same year, changed his era name to "Yongxing", and became Emperor Mingyuan of Northern Wei.
When the Ming Yuan Emperor Tuoba Si ascended the throne, he only killed the rebellious King of Qinghe, his mother Lady He, and his retinue and eunuchs, totaling more than ten people, and did not expand the scope of the attack. This practice is of great significance to straightening out people's hearts and minds and stabilizing the political situation.
In addition, Emperor Mingyuan migrated the victims to the harvest areas to eat, provided relief to the poor, reduced rents, persuaded peasants to teach sang, cracked down on corrupt officials and strongmen, and stabilized social order.
Tuoba Si married the daughter of Later Qin YaoXing with the courtesy of an empress, but she did not succeed in casting gold, so according to the tradition of the State of Wei, she could not be an empress, and Yao was crowned as a lady by Tuoba Si.
Later Qin's power was declining more and more, and Liu Yu of the Eastern Jin Dynasty sent troops to destroy Later Qin and captured the area south of the Yellow River, at this time Northern Wei had Liu Yu in the south and Rouran in the north, and could only be in a defensive state.
In the eighth year of Taichang (423), Tuoba Si returned from a victorious attack on Liu Song, which was called the First Civil War of the Southern and Northern Dynasties, and Northern Wei won the victory, capturing Hu Prison Pass and capturing Liu Song's territory for 300 miles.
However, in the process of pro-conscription, Tuoba Si became ill with overwork and the old disease recurred. On November 6 (December 24), the eighth year of Tai Chang (423), Tuoba Si died at the age of 32, with the title of Emperor Mingyuan and the temple name of Emperor Taizong.
After Tuoba's death, the eldest son Tuoba Tao succeeded to the throne.
Emperor Yuan of Wei Ming's reign, Tuoba Si, was both literate and martial, governed the country well, moved the people inward, defended the frontier externally, and reused Cui Hao and other able subjects, so that Northern Wei could change into a feudal society faster.
Tuoba Si died young, and he inherited the founding monarch Tuoba Jue Wugong to establish the country, and the emperor Tuoba Tao unified the north. In the history of the Northern Wei Dynasty, it played a role in inheriting the previous and the future.
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