Mother River plays a happy music
——Practical exploration of ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin
Author: Guangming Daily Reporting Group (Guangming Daily reporters Wang Jianhong, Zhang Wenpan, Zhao Qiuli, Wan Majia, Li Xiaodong, Song Xiqun, Gao Ping, Zhang Zhehao, Yang Jue, Wang Shengxi, Wang Bingya, Li Jianbin, Feng Fan Guangming Daily correspondent Yin Mengxue)
The Yellow River runs through the waters of eternity. Originating from the yellow river in the northern foothills of the Bayankara Mountains on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, it flows through 9 provinces and regions, spans four major geomorphological units and three steps of China's terrain, stringing together the civilization accumulation of the river basin for thousands of years, and is an important ecological barrier and economic zone in China.
The Party Central Committee has always cared for and cared about the protection and governance of the Yellow River, and since the Eighteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary Xi Jinping has visited the Huang Provinces and Regions for many times. On October 22, General Secretary Xi Jinping stressed at the symposium on in-depth promotion of ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin that it is necessary to set goals, be down-to-earth, immerse ourselves in hard work, and work hard for a long time to ensure that the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period achieve obvious results, and make unremitting efforts to benefit the Chinese nation forever.
The Loop Plain ushered in a bumper harvest. Guangming Daily reporter Zhang Wenpan photo/Guangming photo
Make efforts to "coordinate governance" and sing the Yellow River chorus in the new era
In the autumn of October, on the Yellow River Delta in Dongying, Shandong, two spoon-billed sandpipers, a national first-class protected bird, stroll leisurely. They were photographed by photography enthusiasts, and this is the first time that the spoon-billed sandpiper has been recorded here.
In recent years, Shandong Dongying has continued to strengthen habitat protection, implementing habitat protection of key species, conservation of native plants, restoration of aquatic organisms, and in situ conservation of biological populations. At present, there are 1630 species of wild animals and 685 species of plants in nature reserves, and the number of birds has increased from 187 species at the beginning of the establishment of the area to 371 species now, of which 25 species and 65 species of birds are protected by the state at the first and second levels, respectively.
The Chinese nation's concept of water control has undergone a profound transformation from water domestication, water intake to hydrophilic and water protection. After the founding of New China, especially since the Eighteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the governance of the Yellow River has ushered in a chorus of "coordinated governance" in the new era, and the upper, middle, and lower reaches, the tributaries of the main stream, the left and right banks, the mountains and mountains, and the surface and underground have become "a game of chess".
"The times have entrusted us with the mission of building a pilot zone for ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin, and we must continue to improve the level of water resource utilization and promote the coordination of great protection, adhere to the principle of building a foundation, cultivating excellence, green and low carbon, promoting the quality and efficiency of the industrial chain, and ensuring energy security in the new era." Li Yuhua, director of the Development and Reform Commission of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, said that Ningxia adheres to ecological priority, systematically plans the protection and restoration of "one river and three mountains" and "seven major ecosystems" such as forests, grasslands, wetlands and farmlands in the territory, continues to promote the rectification of prominent ecological problems, strengthens the comprehensive treatment of environmental pollution, and builds a solid ecological security barrier in the northwest.
At the source of the Yellow River, on the shores of Eling Lake and Zhaling Lake in October, the wind blows grass and sees cattle and sheep. "In the past, I grazed at the source of the Yellow River, and now I want to guard the 'China Water Tower'!" Qu Jia, 30, is an ecological steward in the Yellow River Source Park in Sanjiangyuan National Park. Here, 3,041 herders incarnate as grassland guardians, doing their duty for the abundant lakes and abundant water and grass at the source of the Yellow River.
The Yellow River Basin in Sichuan Province covers an area of 18,700 square kilometers, accounting for only 2.4% of the total basin, but it contributes 40% of the water volume during the dry period of the Yellow River and 26% of the water in the flood period. Sichuan has identified 17 major ecological protection and restoration tasks to ensure the "key 2.4%" of the Yellow River Basin.
Nine-curved Yellow River Wanlisha. For the Mother River, the most unstable variable of human-water harmony is the "water-sand relationship".
In Kuntonggou, Xifeng District, Qingyang City, Gansu Province, the annual amount of yellow sediment once reached 168.4 million tons. "Through the construction of terraces, artificial afforestation and grass planting, the construction of silt dams, and the maintenance of ditches, we have accumulated 13,300 square kilometers of soil erosion control area, and the annual amount of yellow sediment has been reduced by 70 million tons." Lu Dongping, deputy director of the Qingyang Municipal Soil and Water Conservation Administration, said.
After the Yellow River entered Inner Mongolia, it encountered the intrusion of Ulan Bu and the desert. Ten years ago, 3 million tons of sediment poured into the Yellow River every year. Today, 154 kilometers and 420,000 mu of moats have been built on the eastern edge of Ulan Bu and the desert, and a green ecological barrier has been built along the Yellow Ecological Corridor.
Shanxi's "two mountains, seven rivers and one river basin" ecological restoration and governance continue to be implemented, with a total area of 47,000 square kilometers of soil erosion treatment, and 58 national examination sections have all withdrawn from the inferior V category, and the "one flood of clear water into the Yellow River" has been steadily realized.
Shaanxi will build 2,263 sand barrier projects, 420 silt dams, and implement slope arable land treatment of 1,027,500 mu to ensure that the amount of yellow sediment entering is effectively controlled, the ecological environment is significantly improved, and the green territory continues to advance northward.
The waters of the waters end up in the sea. The improvement of water conservation capacity and soil conservation in the upper and middle reaches of the Yellow River have won the prerequisites for the improvement of the downstream ecology.
Concentrate on "development quality and efficiency" to create a power source for high-quality development
For a long time, the average annual precipitation in most parts of the upper and middle reaches of the Yellow River Basin has been 446 mm, which is only about 40% of the Yangtze River Basin, and the utilization rate of water resources development has far exceeded the ecological warning line of 40%, and the shortage of water resources has become a constraint on the high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin.
The key to solving the problem lies in the conservation, intensive and efficient use of water resources.
In April this year, Ningxia launched the "four rights" reform, including the reform of water rights, and established a market-oriented water rights trading mechanism, a hierarchical collection and storage system for government water rights, and an investment and financing mechanism for water rights, so as to accelerate the construction of ecological protection and high-quality development pilot zones in the Yellow River Basin.
The exploration and practice of "using every drop of water well" is in the ascendant with the continuous upgrading of traditional industries and the continuous emergence of emerging industries. High-quality development, showing the momentum of "the great river rushing forward".
In Shandong, 193 key projects covering the fields of comprehensive environmental pollution control, intensive utilization of water resources conservation, ecological protection and restoration have been started in a concentrated manner, which is the second batch of key projects for ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin in Shandong Province this year, with a total investment of 126.1 billion yuan.
General Secretary Xi Jinping stressed that it is necessary to adhere to innovation and creation and improve the level of coordination of the industrial chain innovation chain. Shandong adheres to the new development concept, deeply implements the innovation-driven development strategy, innovates and builds the Yellow River Basin Ecological Protection and High-quality Development Research Institute and talent cooperation training base, and fully promotes the transformation of new and old kinetic energy to make breakthroughs and shape advantages.
Black coal, trees set a green benchmark.
Ningxia Ningdong Energy and Chemical Base, national energy group Ningxia coal industry 4 million tons / year coal indirect liquefaction project, so that solid black coal into liquid transparent diesel, naphtha, etc., coal industry chain continues to extend, park enterprises "each other become upstream and downstream" "in the same chain".
Ordos's coal-to-oil, coal-to-gas, coal-to-olefin and other coal chemical production capacity reached 15.33 million tons, and coal has achieved a magnificent transformation from fuel to material, from black resources to green industries.
Shanxi, which was once "the dominant coal", has promoted the improvement of advanced coal production capacity, while non-coal industries, manufacturing, strategic emerging industries and high-tech industries have grown rapidly, forming development clusters.
In the "several" bend area of the Yellow River, Ningxia and Inner Mongolia as high-quality milk source bases have attracted advanced production lines from Mengniu, Yili and other enterprises. High-quality beef and mutton, green vegetables, wine and other agricultural products are going to the national market in the way of "field-table".
Tell the "Yellow River Story" well and cast a solid sense of the Chinese national community
National unity is the lifeline for the common survival and development of the masses of all ethnic groups in the Yellow River Basin.
In October, the Party Committee of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region held the 13th Plenary Session of the 12th Cpc Committee, and clearly proposed to strive to create a demonstration zone for forging a solid sense of the Chinese national community. Not long ago, the Shizuishan City Cast Solid Chinese National Community Awareness Education Center was opened, vividly telling the good stories of the Chinese nation in different periods. Within 20 days of opening, more than 200 batches (times) of more than 9,000 people visited.
In the development of the Chinese nation for thousands of years, the exchanges and blending of various ethnic groups in the Yellow River Basin have become more prominent, and the role of the Yellow River as a "melting pot" for condensing the Chinese national community has become more prominent.
At dusk, on the Regong Cultural Square in Tongren City, Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province, residents of all ethnic groups gathered together to dance the "Pot Village", and the community's national bands and song teams have long become the carriers of friendship and communication between various ethnic groups. "Qinghai is the first province in the country to build a demonstration of national unity and progress in all cities and prefectures, the first province with more than half of the number of demonstration counties and urban areas in the country, and the first province to win the largest number of national model collective counties and urban areas at one time." Wu Dejun of the Qinghai Provincial Committee of the People's Sect said.
Ningxia's land of 2,000 years of irrigation canals, more than 1,500 kilometers of Great Wall ruins, about 34,000 to 17,000 years of Shuidonggou ruins, Helan Mountain rock paintings recording ancient ancestors, Inner Mongolia Yellow River Basin Paleolithic "Hetao people" cultural sites, Dayao cultural sites, Alzhai Grottoes... The land nourished by the Yellow River is dotted with cultural heritage, and the historical context and national roots have been continued.
"After watching the performance of "The Yellow Emperor's Ancient Feelings", I have a deeper understanding of the Yellow River culture and am more proud of the sons and daughters of China!" During the National Day holiday, Ms. Wang Shan, who was visiting Zhengzhou, Henan Province, said with emotion.
From the ancestral worship ceremony in the hometown of the Yellow Emperor, the series of cultural tourism activities of "Three Cities and Three Hundred Miles and Three Thousand Years" to the exhibition of cultural relics along the Huangjiu Province (District), the integration and cooperation of culture and tourism, etc., the Yellow River culture and the promotion of the national spirit are deeply excavated along the Yellow River, and the Yellow River story in the new era has a heavier sense of thickness and affinity.
From the source to the mouth of the sea, the Yellow River crosses many valleys, crosses thousands of ravines, and gathers in Vientiane; carefully tasting, the two sides of the strait are full of vitality, people's livelihood is improved, and the pulse of the great river is strong and powerful, playing the happy music of the new era.
Guangming Daily ( 06/11/2021)
Source: Guangming Network - Guangming Daily