In March 1984, He Zizhen's condition suddenly deteriorated, in addition to stroke, there were also diabetes, hepatitis and other complications, continuous high fever did not go away, because He Zizhen's identity is special, the Shanghai Municipal Party Committee reported He Zizhen's situation to the central government.
Deng Xiaoping was very concerned about He Zizhen's condition, and several experts were drawn from Beijing and rushed to Shanghai overnight on a special plane to participate in the rescue and treatment, asking for the greatest efforts to rescue He Zizhen.
But because He Zizhen was old and frail, although the medical staff did their best, they still failed to save her life.
On April 19, He Zizhen died in Shanghai, because He Zizhen's identity is extremely special, how to handle her future affairs, where to place her ashes has become a problem, the leaders of the Shanghai Municipal Party Committee did not dare to decide, asked the Central General Office, the Central General Office is also difficult to decide, and finally directly reported to Deng Xiaoping.
He Zizhen was an old revolutionary who came down from Jinggangshan, in order to rescue his comrades-in-arms, he was hit by more than a dozen pieces of shrapnel, and his life was hanging on the line, until he died, he did not completely take it out, Deng Xiaoping could not help but remember the past, and finally he made up his mind and directly decided to set the tone for He Zizhen's funeral specifications.
So, how did Deng Xiaoping arrange He Zizhen's funeral?
He Zizhen
In the impression of many people, He Zizhen was once Mao Zedong's wife, but what is less known is that He Zizhen walked up Jinggang Mountain earlier than Mao Zedong, and was a female general who frightened the enemy, known as "Yongxin Yizhihua"
He Zizhen is a new person in Jiangxi Yongxin, whose ancestors have been farmers facing the loess soil and facing the sky, and there are not many children left all year round, and his father sold the family's land and property to open a tea shop in the city with money.
One day, when several officers and soldiers went to the shop to drink tea, they were ready to use their hands and feet on He Zizhen's mother, and his father and brother He Minxue stopped the behavior of the officers and soldiers, because of the conflict, these officers and soldiers went back to move the rescue soldiers and smashed the tea shop.
At that time, Yongxin's idea that "a woman's talentlessness is morality" was still very popular, and there were not many young women who went to school, but He Zizhen rejected this idea and insisted on going to school. At the same time, Christianity also came to Yongxin, and a school, "Gospel Church Elementary School", was established, which not only taught new knowledge, but also had lower tuition fees than the government-run tuition fees.
Although He Zizhen's father, He Huanwen, also supported girls to go to school, he looked down on schools run by foreigners, and even if he spent a little more money, he would send his children to government-run schools and simply learn traditional Chinese.
He Zizhen (stills)
But He Zizhen did not have much interest in these contents taught at the school, and often skipped classes to practice martial arts, which made He Huanwen very nervous.
After the outbreak of the May Fourth Movement, it quickly caused a nationwide response, coupled with He Zizhen's radical thinking, he pulled his sister to her parents to say that he wanted to go to a school run by foreigners to study, but He Huanwen was an old-fashioned person, and at first he did not agree, but as new ideas slowly prevailed in Yongxin, not many people were willing to go to the old school to read the Four Books and Five Classics, and they all transferred to the gospel school to read the new school, and He Huanwen agreed to let his children go to the gospel school.
During his time at Gospel School, He Zizhen was exposed to a lot of new knowledge, and his thinking began to change greatly. Originally, He Zizhen's name was "Guiyuan", but at this time, He Zizhen thought that this name was a bit "earthy", so he gave himself the name of "Self-Cherishing", "Zizhen" was changed after participating in the revolution.
After marrying Mao Zedong, He Zizhen once asked Mao Zedong to change her name, but Mao Zedong thought that the name "Zizhen" was very good and did not need to be changed, zeng Biyi, who had served as Mao Zedong's secretary, accidentally wrote "Zizhen" as "Zizhen" by chance, and later began to use this name.
He Minxue, He Zizhen, He Yi brothers and sisters were very bold, and soon did a "big thing".
Hermione
After the founding of the Communist Party of China, many workers' movements were organized one after another, not only in the mainland, but also in Hong Kong, which was still under the actual control of Britain, when Hong Kong treated seafarers differently, the same work content, the wages of Chinese seafarers were lower than those of foreigners, Chinese seafarers demanded equal treatment, after being rejected by the Hong Kong and British authorities, Chinese seafarers launched a strike, Hong Kong and Britain mobilized military police to suppress, several people were killed on the spot, hundreds of people were injured, creating the "Sha Tin Massacre", arousing the anger of the whole country. He Zizhen also saw this in the newspaper.
When He Zizhen and He Yi came home from school, they saw a group of people gathered together on the road, and one of them stood on a high place to speak, and when they got closer, they saw that it was Gu Zuyin, the English teacher at their school, who was telling the crowd of onlookers about the "Sha Tin Massacre" that had just occurred.
Gu Zuyin was indignant and said loudly: "The Yongxin County Student Federation has decided to organize students to march and demonstrate in the streets to protest against the atrocities of imperialism and show solidarity with Hong Kong seafarers." If there are students present, would you like to participate? ”
Sister He Zizhen clenched her fists and immediately expressed her willingness to participate. The next day, He Zizhen took the students of the Gospel School into the parade, and He Zizhen walked in the front with his sister.
After the death of Dr. Sun Yat-sen in 1925, He Zizhen took more than a dozen classmates in his class to guangzhou to attend a memorial service, and some teachers accused He Zizhen of his behavior, but He Zizhen said sternly that Dr. Sun Yat-sen overthrew the corrupt and incompetent Qing government, paid a lifetime of hard work for China's prosperity and independence, was a patriotic hero, and it was a patriotic act to participate in the memorial service.
From these things, it can be seen that He Zizhen at that time already had a strong patriotic feeling.
Soon after, He Zizhen joined the Communist Youth League and threw himself into the revolution, together with his brother He Minxue and sister He Yi, known as Yongxin "Sanhe", after the defeat of the Great Revolution, Yongxin was shrouded in white terror, He Zizhen's past fame was not small, unfortunately arrested by reactionaries, and later Wang Zuo and Yuan Wencai led their troops to attack Yongxin County, open the prison door, and rescue He Zizhen and his party.
When Yuan Wencai studied at Hechuan Middle School, his relationship with He Minxue was the best, and then because of his father's illness, the family lost its financial resources and was in debt, Yuan Wencai was forced to withdraw from school and return to his hometown.
This time he was arrested and imprisoned, so that He Minxue knew that a person's strength was too small, and after consulting with Yuan Wencai, he took his sister to Jinggangshan and joined the team of Wang Zuo and Yuan Wencai, and it was also here that He Zizhen met Mao Zedong.
After the Autumn Harvest Uprising, Mao Zedong also led his troops to Jinggangshan to join Wang Zuo and Yuan Wencai, and it was here that he zizhen's name was known.
Autumn Harvest Uprising Oil Painting
The two first met in November 1927, when Mao Zedong held a joint meeting of the three counties of Ning Yonglian in Xiangshan Nunnery in Ninggang, He Zizhen also participated, the only woman, particularly eye-catching, He Zizhen talked and talked, and many views were expressed at the meeting that made Mao Zedong very satisfied.
At the same time, Wang Zuo and Yuan Wencai sent He Zizhen to work next to Mao Zedong, and the two spent more time together, gradually wiping out the spark of love.
He Zizhen worked with Mao Zedong for about half a month, and the revolutionary situation in Shonan changed, and his superiors ordered Mao Zedong to lead his troops to Shonan as soon as possible. He Zizhen knew that Mao Zedong liked to smoke, and before leaving, he took out a beautiful cigarette box and gave it to Mao Zedong. Mao Zedong took the cigarette box and looked at it for a long time, carefully put it in the bag, and said affectionately: ZiZhen, thank you!
Soon after Mao Zedong returned to Jinggangshan, he and He Zizhen were officially married. Although it was a wedding, it was very simple, there were no firecrackers, no candles, no worship of heaven and earth, only more than twenty officers and men of the Red Fourth Army participated.
Two days later, Mao Zedong and He Zizhen went to Yongxin to carry out land reform work. One morning, Mao Zedong and a few peasants were measuring the land, suddenly dozens of people ran in from outside the village, He Zizhen knew that this was the county security team, she immediately drew a pistol from her waist, and instructed the villagers to quickly withdraw to the village; as the security team got closer, you could hear them shouting: Capture Mao Zedong alive and other words.
He Zizhen broke through with Mao Zedong and Lao Yan, chairman of the township government, because the security forces had taken control of the bridge and could not go up the mountain, He Zizhen proposed to take refuge in the home of the nearby landlord He Enjiu.
Mao Zedong and He Zizhen (stills)
He Zizhen held up He Enjiu with a gun so that he must not be able to tell their whereabouts; when he searched He Enjiu's home, the security team took him out of the door, He Zizhen had a premonition that He Enjiu might tell the security team about their hiding in the house, and after consulting with Lao Yan, decided to leave Mao Zedong here, and she and Lao Yan rushed out to lead the enemy away.
Lao Yan and Mao Zedong changed their clothes, and the two opened the door and rushed out, one to the left and the other to the right. A soldier of the security team saw it and shouted: "Mao Zedong and He Zizhen ran to this side, come and chase!" ”
He Zizhen, armed with two guns, killed several security soldiers who were chasing after him on the spot, and the enemy was in a mess and ran back one after another, He Zizhen and Lao Yan took advantage of this opportunity to rush out, went to Netian to gather the Red Guards, and returned to He Enjiu's home, seeing that Mao Zedong was safe and sound, He Zizhen's hanging heart could finally be put down.
He Zizhen was not afraid of danger, not only saved Mao Zedong's life at a critical moment, but also increased the feelings of the two people a lot.
He Zizhen was a great woman, and in the environment at that time, maternal love and revolution were in a dilemma, and she gave birth to six children, and the only one who was last by her side was Li Min.
He Zizhen accompanied Mao Zedong through the most difficult years of ten years, not only a husband and wife who suffered together, but also the closest comrades-in-arms, in the face of maternal love and revolution, she chose the latter.
In the winter of 1947, He Zizhen returned to China from the Soviet Union, and after the founding of New China, He Zizhen went to Shanghai to work, when Chen Yi was the secretary of the Shanghai Municipal Party Committee, and he stipulated that all expenses of He Zizhen in Shanghai were borne by the Shanghai Municipal Party Committee.
According to the memories of He Ziping's niece He Xiaoping, He Zizhen's usual life is "lonely" and "lonely", in addition to her relatives, few people come to visit her, although neighbors know that he Zizhen lives here, but because her work and rest time is different from others, she rarely has contact with people other than her relatives.
Only Chen Yi came to visit her several times when he was mayor of Shanghai, and later Minister of National Defense Peng Dehuai came to Shanghai and also came to visit. He Zizhen went downstairs to greet Peng Dehuai, and then the two went upstairs to talk, He Zizhen has a rule, when adults speak, children cannot go in, so He Xiaoping does not know the content of the conversation between He Zizhen and Peng Dehuai, but this time Peng Dehuai came to visit, He Zizhen was happy for several days.
In addition to Peng Dehuai, Xie Fei (one of the 30 female Red Army red soldiers who participated in the Long March of the Central Red Army) also visited twice, and when he was transferred that year, Xie Fei and He Zizhen were in the same company, helping and taking care of each other on the Long March Road, and established a deep relationship. The second time Xie Fei visited He Zizhen was in 1983, He Zizhen was seriously ill and hospitalized, Xie Fei happened to be on a business trip to Shanghai, and he also wanted to visit his old comrades-in-arms.
Marshal Peng Dehuai
However, at that time, the Shanghai Municipal Party Committee demanded that the personnel who visited He Zizhen should be approved, and those who did not have approval could not be seen, and Xie Fei was too late to apply because he had official duties, and He Xiaoping took Xie Fei "mixed" into the hospital as a "family member". Chen Yi, Peng Dehuai, and Xie Fei were among the few visitors, and every time an old comrade-in-arms came to visit, He Zizhen would be very happy.
In the spring of 1978, He Changgong came to Shanghai to visit He Zizhen, who was seriously ill, and said affectionately: "He Zizhen was the only female captain under me, a person who really led soldiers and fought wars, there were many female comrades in Jinggangshan at that time, and only three people who really led soldiers to fight, one was Kang Keqing, one was He Ying, and the other was He Zizhen..."
After listening to He Changgong's words, He Zizhen shed tears.
In the autumn of the following year, He Zizhen's physical condition was relatively stable, and she proposed to the Shanghai Municipal Party Committee to visit Beijing, and the Municipal Party Committee agreed to her request.
The central authorities attach great importance to He Zizhen's trip to Beijing, sent a special plane to Shanghai to pick her up, after arriving in Beijing, arranged to stay in the high-level cadre ward of the 301 Hospital, during this time in Beijing, the old comrades-in-arms kang Keqing and Zeng Zhi of Jinggangshan in the past all went to the hospital to visit He Zizhen; time is like an arrow, the sun and the moon are like shuttles, decades have passed, after many years to see the old comrade-in-arms again, He Zizhen is very excited, perhaps because in a comfortable mood in Beijing, He Zizhen's body has recovered a lot.
Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital (301 Hospital)
He Zizhen lived in Beijing for more than a year, and later, because she missed Shanghai, where she had lived for decades, asked the central government to return to Shanghai, and the central government immediately agreed to her request, saying that she could come and go between Beijing and Shanghai frequently.
In May 1981, He Zizhen returned to Shanghai and was admitted to Huadong Hospital.
Since the beginning of April 1984, He Zizhen's condition has deteriorated sharply, the high fever has not subsided, the doctor has used many methods, but has not been able to lower her body temperature, the hospital believes that it is necessary to notify He Zizhen's family to go to Shanghai urgently, and report the situation to the Shanghai Municipal Party Committee.
On April 15, He Zizhen's son-in-law Kong Linghua was supervising the children's studies, when the phone suddenly rang; Kong Linghua answered and found that it was a call from the Central General Office, saying that He Zizhen's condition was very serious, and he had bought a ticket for them and asked his family to go to Shanghai immediately.
At that time, Li Min herself was seriously ill, but since it was a call from the Central Office, indicating that her mother's condition was very serious, she and Kong Linghua simply packed their luggage and took the child to the special car that picked them up at the airport.
Li Min Kong Linghua
After arriving at Shanghai Huadong Hospital, Li Min did not have time to listen to the doctor's introduction to his mother's situation, strode into the ward, and saw that her mother was breathing very fast, her face was haggard, and her body was very weak.
At this time, He Zizhen opened his eyes and saw that his daughter's son-in-law and grandson were all around the hospital bed, He Zizhen showed a slight smile; Li Min said softly: "Mother, are you okay?" We're here to see you! ”
He Zizhen seemed to hear her daughter's voice and nodded.
After the brother He Minxue got the news, the first time rushed from Fujian, because He Zizhen always had a high fever, He Minxue suggested that the doctor use "Angong Niuhuang Pill", this suggestion was really effective, He Zizhen did take the body temperature down, the sanity also became more clear, everyone thought that He Zizhen's condition really improved, and the hanging heart finally let go.
Unexpectedly, He Zizhen had a high fever again on the evening of the 18th, fell into a coma, the doctor urgently rescued, but the effect was not obvious, the next afternoon, He Zizhen died of ineffective medical treatment, and walked through 75 years of life.
Because of He Zizhen's special status, the Shanghai Municipal Party Committee was helpless for a while, and did not know what specifications to hold the funeral according to, so it asked Deng Xiaoping for instructions.
Deng Xiaoping immediately made a decision: The leaders of our central authorities must send wreaths and put He Zizhen's ashes in a room.
Statue of He Zizhen
When Deng Xiaoping said "one room," he meant the first room of the columbaria of the Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery. After the columbarium was completed, it was divided into one, two, three... The first room of the room is placed by the leaders of the central government and the troop corps and above, and at or above the local ministerial level, and the ashes of Zhu De, Dong Biwu and others are preserved here, and Deng Xiaoping instructed He Zizhen to place her ashes in one room and directly set the tone for her funeral, and He Zizhen finally got the respect and treatment she deserved.
On April 25, He Zizhen's memorial service was held at Shanghai's Longhua Cemetery, where deng xiaoping, Deng Yingchao, Kang Keqing and other state leaders sent wreaths, and hundreds of people attended the memorial service.
After He Zizhen's body was cremated in the afternoon, He Minxue, Li Min, Kong Linghua and others took He Zizhen's ashes on the plane.
Because some people in Beijing failed to attend He Zizhen's memorial service in Shanghai, they learned that He Zizhen's ashes would be placed on BabaoShan, and they waited here in advance to participate in the ceremony of placing the urn.
There were many people who came to participate in the placement ceremony, but the ceremony was very simple, He Zizhen's urn was placed on the table, everyone bowed and saluted, and then the urn was sent to a room to be placed.
He Zizhen was the first female party member to go to Jinggangshan and made great contributions to the Chinese revolution, although her life was bumpy, she proceeded from the overall situation, without any complaints, and the monument of the republic will always engrave her name.
End of this article