Red wall white snow, Beijing New Year, 1997 New Year's Day, everything is so peaceful and tranquil. However, at this time in the Beijing 301 Hospital, Comrade Deng Xiaoping, the chief architect of the mainland's reform, opening up and modernization, was suffering from illness. At that time, Deng Xiaoping was 93 years old, with serious problems with his nervous system and consciousness, and his body was getting worse every day.
In fact, Deng Xiaoping's health has always been very strong, in his later years, reading the newspaper is one of the things he must do every day, and when he is in his 80s, he can swim in the sea for an hour. And why did Deng Xiaoping, who was so healthy, suddenly be admitted to the hospital and could not afford to be ill?
As early as 1992, Deng Xiaoping said in his speech on the southern tour, "I lived until 1997 to take a walk around Hong Kong's own land after China took back Hong Kong." Even if you are in a wheelchair, you have to go, even if you stand on Hong Kong soil for a minute. ”
However, such a Deng Xiaoping, who was full of expectations and hopes for hong Kong's return and made great contributions to Hong Kong's return, died just a few months before Hong Kong's return, and failed to realize his long-cherished wish in life, which must also be a major regret in Deng Xiaoping's life. Although he had the best medical treatment, Deng Xiaoping's body did not recover after being admitted to the hospital, and he himself was well aware of his physical condition, and he had confessed his last words to his wife Zhuo Lin, and he also had related conversations with his medical staff Huang Lin.
So did Comrade Xiaoping mention the regret of not being able to go to Hong Kong again? What is the final account of the country and the family? What do you think of yourself? Or what other last wishes are mentioned? Next, the author will lead you to the chief designer to solve the above confusion.
In his youth, Deng Xiaoping went to Paris and Moscow to study, where he learned the knowledge of proletarian revolution, and his study abroad experience also gave him a broad international perspective. In 1927, after Deng Xiaoping returned to China, he participated in the agrarian revolution, the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, and the War of Liberation, and made great achievements.
But what really made Deng Xiaoping a "man in all eternity" was that he opened up a completely new path for China's political, economic and cultural culture, changing the lives and even the fate of China's 1.4 billion people. In 1977, when China had reached the point of poverty and change, and all aspects were far behind the development of Western countries, Deng Xiaoping took office and carried out a comprehensive rectification of the ills caused by the Cultural Revolution, despite all difficulties to lead China to a new track and continue to move forward.
Due to the cancellation of the college entrance examination and the suppression and criticism of intellectuals, the mainland was facing an extreme shortage of talents at that time, just as the so-called "vitality of those who value the body; the talents that the state values", the cultivation of talents is of great significance to the development of the country, and the drawbacks of relying on recommendation to go to university are self-evident.
Therefore, Deng Xiaoping immediately made a decision and demanded that the college entrance examination be immediately resumed and that talents be selected and trained for the mainland. Some people also suggested that the resumption of the college entrance examination should be slowly planned, but after a few years, I don't know how many talents will be lost on the mainland, and Comrade Xiaoping is under tremendous pressure to postpone the opening of various colleges and universities for two months and restore the college entrance examination enrollment system in that year.
The restoration of the college entrance examination not only changed the fate of the students of that era, but also changed the fate of our generation and the generations that followed, and the author and everyone can have the opportunity to study on campus today, and it is inseparable from the college entrance examination to give each of us a fair chance. At the same time, the restoration of the college entrance examination is also inextricably linked to the later proposal of the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education in 1995, and Comrade Xiaoping has always attached great importance to science and technology and education on the mainland.
He once said: "To grasp science and technology, we must also pay attention to education." Indeed, only by cultivating top talents in these two aspects can we effectively change the situation in which China was far behind the Western countries at that time and grow into a powerful country, a powerful country that no longer has to endure the aggression of other countries and can have an upright voice in the international arena.
While embarking on changing the cultural situation on the mainland, what Deng Xiaoping really wanted to do was to lead the Chinese people onto a brand-new path of development, which was what later generations called reform, opening up, and modernization. In the 1870s, there were only two forms of economy prevailing in the world, the planned economy and the market economy. Socialist countries practice a planned economy, while capitalist countries practice a market economy, so in people's traditional concepts, there are only two ways for the country's economic development, and Deng Xiaoping is the one who went out of the third way and opened up the socialist market economic system. It can be said that he is a leader with an innovative and speculative consciousness.
At the end of the 1970s, the shortcomings of the planned economy had been fully revealed, when the quality of China's economic growth was low, high cost, high energy consumption, and low quality, the idea of political supremacy prevailed, the economy was seriously affected by politics, and the mainland urgently needed a change to change itself and prove itself.
First, rural production needs to change. Such a large country and so many peasants cannot produce enough grain, which shows that the centralized production in the original people's communes is far from adapting to changes in society, and the newly proposed household contract responsibility system can arouse the enthusiasm of agricultural production to the greatest extent and ensure and promote the development of agricultural productivity on the mainland. Reforms began in the countryside to solve the most basic problem: the food problem. After the new system was tried out in Xiaogang Village and other areas of Fengyang County, grain production on the mainland was greatly improved.
Moreover, urban enterprises must also be reformed. So many state-owned enterprises are generally faced with inefficiency and loss-making, unable to participate in global business competition. The chief designer led the team to formulate a plan, did not choose to pursue speed like the resumption of the college entrance examination, but gradually established a modern enterprise system in stages, in the case of ensuring that state-owned assets are not lost, so that enterprises are more market-oriented, so that enterprises are more flexible and free, and many township enterprises have been established, thus gradually developing into later large enterprises, thus driving the development of China's economy.
In addition, the financial system must also be changed. The central government bears a huge expenditure obligation, which is overstretched compared to revenue and is really difficult to maintain. The fiscal deficit is serious, prices continue to rise, and the foreign trade deficit has had a great impact on the mainland's economy, and how to solve these problems, the eight-character principle of "readjusting, reforming, rectifying, and improving" constitutes the overall structure of the reformed fiscal system, so that the mainland's finances can be steadily improved and developed. After that, the central and local financial negotiations were divided, and the local governments negotiated with state-owned enterprises, opening up a unique and advanced financial system of "financial contracting system".
Deng Xiaoping was a person who really wanted to seek the well-being of the people and the country, a person who wanted to let the Chinese people live a good life, and wanted China to develop into a modern power. He said that reform is by no means an empty phrase, but a person who is down-to-earth and earnestly does a good job in every detail.
In 1978, Deng Xiaoping delivered a keynote speech entitled "Emancipating the Mind, Seeking Truth from Facts, Uniting as One and Looking Forward" at the preparatory meeting of the Third Plenum. As soon as the meeting began for a whole month, the participants carried out a full ideological collision, and focused the party's work and the people's attention on socialist modernization, thus laying the cornerstone for reform and opening up.
Any reform is risky, especially such a political reform, which is bound to face a lot of resistance at home. Some people worry that if the mainland develops a market economy, it will embark on the road of a capitalist country and abandon the mainland's own socialist road. Some people are confused, can this reform really succeed? If it fails, what will China do? In the face of all kinds of doubts, Deng Xiaoping personally toured the south to talk to everyone about reform and encouraged everyone to support reform and have the courage to reform.
"Regardless of the black cat or the white cat, catching the mouse is a good cat." "A little more planning or a little more market is not the essential difference between socialism and capitalism." "Deng Xiaoping told everyone that reform is a must-do thing, although it is a risky thing, we must let go of the courage to do it." If it's right, we'll keep doing it along the way. If there is a mistake, correct it in time. If it is really inappropriate, stop for a while and think of a way. Someone has to try the first thing to open up new roads. It is precisely Comrade Xiaoping, who is so open-minded, optimistic, and energetic, that he has led everyone to overcome all difficulties and build a brand-new China, so that China has achieved the results achieved by the development of developed countries for hundreds of years in a few decades.
The state should grasp reform at home and open up to the outside world. In the 1970s, mainland enterprises rarely traded with foreign enterprises, let alone foreign investment in the establishment of enterprises on the mainland. Moreover, the relations between the mainland and the Soviet Union have already developed problems, and the international situation is not optimistic. At the age of 75, Deng Xiaoping was invited by then-US President Jimmy Carter to pay an official visit to the United States. When an American child came forward to hug him, he warmly hugged and kissed the child with true love, and this action also won the admiration and appreciation of all the American people.
During the nine days of visiting the United States, Sino-US relations broke the ice because of Deng Xiaoping's open and inclusive thinking. In the gradual deepening of Sino-US contacts, the relations between the two countries have become closer and closer, and in 1979, diplomatic relations were formally established. This not only removes a great hidden danger for the mainland's political and military aspects, but also opens up a huge commercial trade market for China's economy, which is a world-class change. Diplomatically, Deng Xiaoping not only had a tender side, but also an iron-blooded side.
In 1982, Deng Xiaoping met with Margaret Thatcher, britain's Iron Lady, and made it clear that China would definitely take back Hong Kong in 1997. No matter how much Thatcher objected, Deng Xiaoping always insisted that Hong Kong was China's territory and would not give in. Deng Xiaoping even more innovatively proposed the concept of one country, two systems to avoid turmoil after Hong Kong's return to the motherland and gradually recover China's land.
After more than two years of negotiations between China and the UK, in 1984, the two sides formally signed the Sino-British Joint Declaration, announcing the formal return of Hong Kong to China in 1997. On the issue of Hong Kong, Deng Xiaoping contributed greatly, and he himself also had a deep affection for Hong Kong, china's territory, and later he said many times that he would take a look at Hong Kong after the reversion in a wheelchair. With the opening up between countries, we must not forget that markets must also be opened to each other. Special economic zones and coastal open cities, gradually, more and more foreign funds have been injected into the mainland, and mainland enterprises have gradually become internationalized, and their status in the international community is getting higher and higher, and their development is getting better and better.
Deng Xiaoping was the leader and pioneer of the mainland's reform and opening up. He dared to make innovations, but all innovative systems were built on the socialist road, on the leadership of the Party, and on the basis of serving the people. What he innovated was a path of socialism with Chinese characteristics, with advantages that the United States and other capitalist countries could not match. Seek truth from facts, be keen and innovative, thirsty for knowledge, and be willing to dedicate.
Comrade Xiaoping's life has been ups and downs, and he is a person who has really worked for the country all his life. Xiao Ping, who is in his eighties, is still thinking and exploring for the development of the country. It is precisely because of this excessive labor, coupled with the reason of age, that Comrade Xiaoping suffered from Parkinson's disease in his later years.
In December 1996, Deng Xiaoping's condition suddenly deteriorated and he was rushed to Beijing 301 Hospital for treatment, where he has been recuperating ever since. According to Comrade Xiaoping's accompanying medical staff Huang Lin recalled: When in the hospital, CCTV once broadcast the documentary "Deng Xiaoping", because of the disease, the chief designer's mental state and vision are not very good.
Asked Huang Lin: "Xiao Huang, you watch TV, the person who is walking around, who is it?" ”
Huang Lin smiled, "It's your old man's own." ”
At this time, the lens of the screen was getting closer and closer, and Deng Xiaoping could clearly see that the person on the TV was indeed himself.
Huang Lin recalled Deng Xiaoping's later years, saying that he was a strong, calm and calm person, even though he endured the torment of illness and was very painful, but he did not show it in particular. Asked what else to say to Chinese, Comrade Xiaoping replied, "Everything that should have been said has been said." ”
On February 19, 1997, Comrade Xiaoping died of advanced Parkinson's disease and lung infection. Later, his wife Zhuo Lin told Jiang of Comrade Xiaoping's instructions, "Do not carry out the farewell ceremony of the body, do not set up a spiritual hall, dissect the body, leave the cornea for medical research, and scatter the ashes into the sea." ”
At the last moment of his life, Comrade Xiaoping still wanted to do something for the people and for China, and dedicated his life to the motherland and the people without reservation. Unfortunately, he was unable to personally go to Hong Kong after the return to the motherland to realize his wish. But the author wants to say: Chief designer, there will be thousands of Chinese sons and daughters to complete your long-cherished wish. Today's China has become what you expect, China has already ushered in the dawn, has long been bright. Thank you for your dedication and dedication, we will always remember it and work together to build a better China.
"The sea is the starting point of his revolutionary career; the sea has tempered his strong will; the sea has strengthened his revolutionary convictions. The boundlessness of the sea has broadened his broad mind; the turbulence of the waves has shaped his tenacious character. Planes circled, flowers accompanied by ashes, scattered to the endless sea, the sea whimpering, the cold wind rolling the waves, mourning the departure of the great man. Perhaps, the endless waves will send his ashes to Hong Kong, to Taiwan and Macau. May you live forever in the sea. ”