Anqing Uprising Commemorative Stone Carving
On the morning of July 6, 1907, the Anqing Patrol Police Academy was very lively, inside and outside the school, teachers and students were busy holding the first graduation ceremony for graduates, Principal Xu Xilin stood on the playground stage in a military uniform, Chen Boping and Ma Zonghan stood on both sides, the graduates stood in line under the stage, Principal Chen looked at the young people under the stage, sighed a lot, and spoke with passion.
Halfway through the ceremony, Xu Xilin took out the graduate roster according to the process, suddenly, only to see Chen Boping next to President Chen throw a bomb into the center of the guest seat, the stage was suddenly panicked, the people in the audience did not know what happened, the bomb did not sound, a few seconds later, there was another burst of gunfire, the crowd was in an uproar, fleeing in all directions, in the crowd, an old man in official uniform fell in a pool of blood.
The one who lost his life was Enming, a heavy minister of the late Qing Dynasty, who was the inspector at the time and the highest administrative officer in Anhui Province at that time.
It was Xu Xilin who fired the gun, and the bombs and bullets took turns to fight, which can be said to have been planned for a long time.
Indeed, this incident was originally a long-planned revolution, known in history as the Anqing Uprising.
Xu Xilin
In 1873, Xu Xilin was born in a wealthy family in Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, his father was a local parent official in his early years, and later engaged in business, the family was well-off, and some local reputation.
Xu Xilin has received a very good education since childhood, has always been a pair of weak scholars dressed up, at the age of 20, he was admitted to Xiucai, and then stayed in Shaoxing Academy to teach, until he was a deputy supervisor, equivalent to a vice principal, a lifetime of study, Tao Li Tianxia, Xu Xilin seems to see his own trajectory.
However, after he crossed east to Japan, everything began to change.
In 1903, Xu Xilin was recorded in the township examination, and it was also this year that he was given a chance to visit the Osaka Exposition.
In Japan, the cultural relics taken from China were placed in the display case, and Xu Xilin was immediately disgusted, and at the same time, he was fully aware of the cowardice and incompetence of the late Qing government.
Portrait of Xu Xilin
His thinking began to undergo a drastic transformation, he began to consciously move closer to the anti-Qing organization, and began to accept the idea of using violent means to overthrow the Qing dynasty's rule, which was so common at the time that a large group of people called it a revolution.
After returning to China, Xu Xilin officially began the anti-Qing road, he joined the Guangfu Society, founded a new style of school, and spread the revolution.
At the beginning of 1905, Xu Xilin and others founded a Datong Normal School in Shaoxing City, nominally in response to the development of education in the Qing court, but in fact secretly cultivating the strength of the Guangfuhui.
There are very few cultural courses set up in the academy, mainly military gymnastics and instrumental gymnastics, with the aim of training the military backbone of the revolutionary party through organized military sports training.
This winter, under the introduction of Xu Xilin, his compatriot Qiu Jin, the heroine of Jianhu Lake, joined the Guangfu Society.
Akiha Images
But Xu Xilin knew that they were only small fights, and there was no way to overthrow the Manchu Qing, so he had a bolder idea, that is, to break into the imperial court, control the regular army, and then launch an uprising.
At that time, everything was difficult, but it was easy to be an official.
In 1906, the Guangfuhui funded 3,000 oceans to exchange Xu Xilin for an official title of Taoist in Anqing through official donations.
From Shaoxing to Anqing, Xu Xilin was well aware of the dangers of this trip, and he wrote a letter to ask Qiu Jin to come to Shaoxing to preside over the affairs of the Datong Academy, and he was already ready to never return.
In order to get closer to the center of power, Xu Xilin also asked his cousin Yu Liansan to help write a letter of recommendation, this person was once Enming's boss, the two had a friendship, old friends trusted each other, naturally, Xu Xilin who arrived in Anqing soon got Enming's reuse.
Enming is very trusting of Xu Xilin, and the arrangement of posts is also without any consideration, Enming believes that Xu Xilin has studied in Japan, has both culture and martial arts, and is a talent for today's chaos, and has introduced him as a close confidant. Xu Xilin also did not move, carefully greeted, and also had a protégé post, Bai Enming as a teacher.
Soon, Xu Xilin was promoted to the head of the Anhui Patrol Police Association and the Anhui Patrol Police Academy.
This school is not simple, it was the place where the imperial court was asked to train the backbone of the patrol police at that time, and most of the students in it were future police officers, who could carry guns and fight, and this arrangement was exactly in Xu Xilin's arms.
According to the plan he had previously discussed with Qiu Jin, he first assassinated the Qing court officials to attack the imperial court, and then brought the forces of the Zhejiang Guangfuhui to Anhui to jointly attack Anqing with Xu Xilin and then marched to Nanjing.
Since then, everything has proceeded smoothly according to Xu Xilin's plan, and as a principal, there are naturally many opportunities to deal with senior officials.
Therefore, Xu Xilin used the identity of the patrol police office to patrol around Anqing City, draw military maps, and at the same time, secretly develop guangfu members in the academy, everything was quietly and in full swing.
In March 1907, Qiu Jin came to Anqing to meet with Xu Xilin and agreed on an uprising in Zhejiang and Anhui provinces. Two of Xu Xilin's disciples, Chen Boping and Ma Zonghan, came to Anqing as rebel liaisons.
They initially decided to start an uprising on 19 July. Just as the anti-Qing armed uprising was in full swing, the Guangfu in Shanghai would be seized by the Qing court, and one member defected after being arrested, confessing some aliases and codes of the revolutionaries in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, and saying that someone had entered the Anqing official field. Xu Xilin's nickname "Guang Hanzi" is listed among them. Duan Fang, the governor of Liangjiang, ordered Anhui Governor Enming to investigate.
Enming
However, almost no one thought of Xu Xilin, and Enming was particularly reassured about him.
It is also said that a person who spends silver to buy officials is nothing more than trying to get some silver, so why should he make a revolution and cut off the financial road.
In Enming's view, there was nothing wrong with Xu Xilin except that he was young and vigorous.
No one thought that a person who spends silver to buy officials does not seek wealth, does not seek glory and wealth, but for more illusory ideals!
However, Xu Xilin also knows that time is short, more and more people whisper in front of Enming, and it is only a matter of time before their identities are exposed.
Xu Xilin took the initiative to mention to Enming the news that a revolutionary party had invaded Anqing in order to dispel Enming's suspicions.
Anqing Uprising
The situation is urgent, Xu Xilin is ready to change ahead of time, planning to launch a surprise attack at the graduation ceremony. Eun Ming seemed to be aware of it, and brought forward the graduation ceremony that had been held on July 8 to July 6, so Xu Xilin, who was not ready, hastily launched an uprising on July 6.
There was no evacuation route, no other plan, and if he did not succeed, he became a ren, and Xu Xilin took his life.
When the bomb did not explode as imagined, Xu Xilin and others standing on the stage were in a hurry, looking at Enming, who was about to flee, Xu Xilin and Chen Boping pulled out their guns one after another, it was a burst of random shooting, Enming was shot several times in the body, and died, and several other officials were either killed or injured.
After a short period of rioting, the venue was already in a mess, and Xu Xilin shouted to the dozens of remaining patrol police students on the field: "The inspector has been killed, let's go occupy the ordnance station and follow my revolution!" He then ordered the students to take sides with their guns and, together with Ma Zonghan and Chen Boping, led the students straight to the ordnance station.
The Qing army soon arrived, the ordnance center was surrounded by a flood, the students took advantage of the chaos to surrender, Xu Xilin led the crowd to fight to the death, of course, the disparity in strength, the outcome was established, Xu Xilin and others fell into a desperate situation, Chen Boping was shot and killed, Xu Xilin and Ma Zonghan were arrested.
The uprising, which lasted more than seven hours, officially failed, and Enming's murder became the biggest achievement, and the government and the opposition were shocked for a while.
Since ancient times, those in power have never been merciful to those who rebel, and they are always the great sins of the Nine Tribes.
During the interrogation, Xu Xilin reversed the image of being weak and tied his hands, still striding forward, he saw Feng Xu of the Clan Tai and nodded with a smile and asked: Is the Grand Marshal (Enming) safe?
Feng Xu scolded him: How kindly did Lord Enming treat you, and why did you take revenge?
Xu Xilin replied in a loud voice: Treat me with kindness, and treat me with private benefits; I kill Kindness, which is also righteousness.
Xu Xilin also wrote in his confession: I have been determined to be full for more than ten years, and I have reached my goal today. Ben intended to kill Enming, and then kill Duanfang, Tieliang, and Liangbi.
A reactionary force about to be swept into the garbage heap of history will always be a hundred times more barbaric before the end of the world.
The next day, at the execution ground outside the East Gate of the Anqing Fuyuan, several executioners held hammers in their hands, first smashed Xu Xilin's lower body, and then tortured him in every way. It is said that Enming's guards fried Xu Xilin's heart and drank it to show their tribute to Enming.
Xu Xilin stabbed Enming and dealt a heavy blow to the feudal rule of the Qing Dynasty. After the Anqing Uprising, everyone was in danger, and the governor of Liangjiang, Duan Fang, sent a telegram to the military chancellor Tie Liang: "From now on, there will be no day to rest in peace"; another constitutionalist faction attributed such a calamity in Anqing to the failure of constitutional government, which accelerated the pace of promoting constitutionalism; of course, Xu Xilin's feats and tragic deaths greatly inspired people's fighting spirit to overthrow the Qing Dynasty. The crumbling Qing Dynasty is getting closer and closer to death.
After Xu Xilin's death, his father Xu Fengming surrendered himself to the government, which coincided with the New Deal reform, the abolition of the Jie clan, and after the imperial court review, it was determined that he had nothing to do with his son's rebellious behavior, and he escaped the disaster.
Qiu Jin
The other, on the other hand, could not escape the fate.
The Anqing uprising failed, Qiu Jin in Shaoxing was betrayed, the wind and rain were coming, Qiu Jin was not afraid at all, she did not leave Shaoxing half a step, waiting for the Qing army to come and capture.
On July 14, the Qing army surrounded the Chase Academy, Qiu Jin was calmly arrested, and in the face of cruel torture, she insisted on not confessing, only writing "Autumn Wind and Autumn Rain Sorrowful People" to correct it.
In the early morning of the next day, the 32-year-old Qiu Jin was escorted to Shaoxing Xuantingkou and bravely rebelled.
The end of this uprising is particularly painful and desolate, they died in the dark night of the "Empire" and failed to see the dawn of the "Republic of China".
Perhaps, as Qiu Jin said, "Revolution must be shed in blood to succeed", and in the years since, countless people with lofty ideals have embarked on the same path and continued their unfinished business!