#2020 Vitality Assembly # On July 6, 1907, Anhui Inspector Enming, surrounded by guards, came to the Anqing Patrol Police Academy in Anqing, Anhui Province. Enming was known as the Five Tigers of the Manchus, a talent with considerable achievements and outstanding abilities in the late Qing Dynasty, and also a rare good official in the late Qing Dynasty.
The new patrol school was also one of his achievements in imitating Japan's New Deal, so Enming paid special attention to it, so that almost all of the most important officials and visitors from Anhui Province's most important clans, provinces, and provinces arrived this time. At nine o'clock, Enming and other officials entered the auditorium to assess the graduates' internal lessons. The students lined up outside the hall, and Enming sat in the middle of the auditorium. Standing on the podium are the instructors and instructors of the academy, led by Xu Xilin, the protagonist of this article.
Pictured: Cai Yuanpei creates the Guangfuhui
Xu Xilin Zi Bosun, the number of Guang Hanzi, Zhejiang Shaoxing people, once studied in Japan, in Shaoxing founded the famous Datong School, through the former Shanxi Inspector, cousin Yu Liansan recommended, by the Anhui Inspector Enming reuse, in the winter of 1906 he came to Anqing, was awarded the Anhui Patrol Yin (Public Security Bureau Chief, Erpin). He made Enming his teacher, and Enming was also introduced as a close confidant, and he was also sent to serve as the head of the Patrol Police Academy (principal of the Police Academy).
The ceremony officially began, and the student representatives entered the hall to meet the inspector and salute, and Enming returned the salute. At this time, Xu Xilin raised his hand to Enming and presented him to the roster of students, but suddenly loudly reported: "Grand Marshal, there is a revolutionary party uprising today!" "
Photo: The Reconstitution
In fact, as early as the winter of the thirtieth year of Guangxu (1904), Xu Xilin met Cai Yuanpei and Tao Chengzhang in Shanghai, and became one of the first members to join the Guangfu Society, and later became one of the main leaders of the Guangfu Society. The purpose of the Guangfuhui advocated assassination and insurrection as a means of revolution, and they had been planning to assassinate high-ranking Manchu officials of the Qing Dynasty everywhere. In February of the 33rd year of Guangxu (1907), Xu Xilin and Qiu Jin agreed to hold an armed uprising against the Qing in Anhui and Zhejiang at the same time. The uprising was originally scheduled to take place on July 19, but because a party member was arrested in Shanghai and confessed some alias codes of the revolutionaries, the governor of Liangjiang, Duan Fang, sent a telegram ordering Enming to take charge. Enming summoned Xu Xilin to make a plan, and Xu Xilin discovered that there was his own code in the telegram, and knew that there was a secret leak from the judge, so he and another backbone, Chen Boping, agreed to raise the righteousness in advance when the graduation ceremony of the Patrol Police Academy was held on July 8.
And the words he said to Enming were the code words for the agreement with Chen Boping. Enming asked in surprise, "How did Xu Huiban learn this news?" Before the words could be heard, Chen Boping struggled to throw a bomb from under the stage, and the bomb rolled to Enming's feet without exploding; Enming was horrified and hurriedly got up. Xu Xilin stepped forward and said, "Don't be alarmed by the grand marshal, I will definitely get this revolutionary party for the grand marshal!" At the same time, two pistols were drawn from the boot barrel, and the left and right bows were fired at Enming, who was hit by seven bullets and immediately fell to the ground, but because Xu Xilin was short-sighted, 7 bullets and ended up killing Enming on the spot. There was chaos in the auditorium, and civil and military officials fled for their lives in a hurry. When Enming was recaptured by the guards, he was eventually killed due to excessive blood loss and untimely rescue.
Pictured: Qiu Jin and Xu Xilin
The Qing army, which rushed to hear the news, fought fiercely with less than 100 rebels, and 4 hours later, the uprising failed and Xu Xilin was captured. This incident shocked China and foreign countries, and even American newspapers published news. There are two main focuses of the matter: first, the inspector of a province was assassinated in public, the influence was huge, and everyone in the Qing court was afraid; second, Enming had previously regarded Xu Xilin as a close confidant, and some people had already come to inform him that he was a revolutionary party, but Enming took good care of him, and Xu Xilin also took Enming as a teacher, which was considered to be a vengeance and ungrateful in society at that time, plus most people thought that Enming was actually a good official, clean and honest, running a school, running a water conservancy, having quite a political achievement, and should not be killed.
Therefore, Xu Xilin was frantically retaliated by the Qing government, especially when Duan Fang, the governor of Liangjiang, learned that he was also on the assassination list, and personally approved the punishment of Xu Xilin, which had long been abolished, and first smashed his testicles before the execution, and then dug out his heart and was cooked and eaten by Enming's guards. This should be the last person in Chinese history to die of Ling Chi.
Photo: Xu Xilin
Should Enming be killed? During the interrogation of Xu Xilin, this revolutionary volunteer replied on the spot: "Er and others say that Futai is a good official and treats me very kindly, but since I regard the fulfillment of the line as the purpose, that is, I cannot ask whether his people are good or bad, as for the thickness of the futai, it is a personal favor; I killed Futai because of the righteousness of the line." ”
Xu Xilin also wrote a confession in his own handwriting, which was full of revolutionary pride:
"I, the great leader of the revolutionary party and the donor, came to Anqing specifically for the full line. Being an official is a fake, leaving people defenseless. The Manchus abused our Han Chinese for nearly three hundred years. Judging by its superficial constitution, but if it wants to firmly hold the hearts and minds of the people of the world, the real centralized power of the lord can inflate its authoritarian power... I have been waiting for more than ten years, and today I have reached my goal. ”
"You kill me well, cut my heart off, chop off my hands and feet, and chop my whole body, don't kill the students unjustly, I tempted them." There are many revolutionary parties, and I am alone in Anqingshi, and in order to help me in order to create a revolutionary army full of things, only Chen Boping and Ma Zonghan are two people, and we must not drag the innocent... I know that I will die, but I can take pen and ink, and I will make my purpose important, and I will write a few words in person, so that the world and the future generations will know my name, and it is a great honor! ”
Photo: Xu Xilin's confession
However, in recent years, there have been infuriating comments on the Internet, saying that Xu Xilin is ungrateful, indiscriminately killing innocent terrorists, even saying that he is schizophrenic, saying that assassination is an obscene means, even Mr. Zhongshan did not kill the Manchu emperor, and also spread rumors that he had an extramarital affair with Qiu Jin, and so on...
Viper believes that the first thing to see is whether this event is in line with the trend of history. At that time, the revolutionary party stood on the cusp of history, and the overthrow of the Qing government was of great progressive significance. Xu Xilin and Qiu Jin originally planned to revolt together, and the nature was no different from the Qiu Jin uprising, Qiu Jin was a hero and martyr, and he must also be a heroic martyr. The revolutionary party's assassination of an official is not based on whether the official is corrupt or not, and whether he sells or does not betray the country. The purpose of the revolution is to overthrow the Qing government, and all those who maintain the rule of the Qing government are their enemies and stumbling blocks hindering the progress of the times, so Xu Xilin believes that this is a great righteousness, while personal and personal relations are small righteousness, and when the interests of the state and the nation are seriously damaged, all small righteousness must be obeyed by the great righteousness.
Photo: Tomb of Martyr Xu Xilin
Sima Qian has a special biography of the Assassins in the historical records, "Although his deeds are not in line with justice, his words will be believed, his faith will be fruitful, his promises will be sincere, he will not love him, and he will go to the strangulation of the soldiers, and he has already survived and died." Isn't it talking about a benevolent person like Xu Xilin? Therefore, at the end of the Qing Dynasty, Wang Jingwei's assassination of the regent Zaifeng, Wu Fan's bomb assassination of the five ministers who went abroad to investigate the five ministers, Peng Jiazhen's bombing and killing of Liangbi, the leader of the sectarian party, and so on, were all manifestations of the great revolutionary righteousness, a precursor to the end of the decadent and backward Qing Dynasty over the past 300 years, and the inevitable result of the Qing government's long-term evil deeds. Just as Lord Duanfang, who ordered xu Xilin to be brutally killed, was finally hacked to death by the rebellious new army when he suppressed the Sichuan Baolu Movement, all forces that hindered historical progress would be ruthlessly abandoned.