Every year, the fish is homophonous. At the table where we Chinese feast, it is often "no fish and no joy".
Among them, there is a diamond-shaped, flat body, visible black and brown pattern of fish named "Duobao", twenty-nine years ago, from the European Atlantic it was introduced to China, because of its few thorns, tender meat, sweet taste, rich nutritional value and other characteristics, it became the darling of the table.
Until now, searching for treasure fish on the Internet, you can still find a lot of cooking methods, steaming, braised, oil splashing... It has become a home-cooked dish that has entered every household. But few people know that in 2006, there was a "multi-treasure fish incident" that violated the prohibition of medicinal farming.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="3" > multi-treasure fish "big explosion" In China</h1>
In 1992, after 11 years of consultation, Academician Lei Jilin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences finally introduced the European royal fish, the Turbot (commonly known as "Duobao Fish") into China for the first time. At the time of introduction, only 200 precious fry were introduced, and after painstaking research by experts, it was not until 1999 that the survival rate of fish fry was finally increased to 17%, and the mass production of fish fry of Duobao fish was successfully realized.
Turbot - Multi-treasure fish
The initial listing of the dobao fish was not optimistic, perhaps the consumers of that year did not see this kind of "strange-looking" Atlantic deep-sea fish, it had been snubbed for a while. However, in the Chinese of "foodies", delicious ingredients are not buried for a long time.
At that time, the distributor tried his best, and it was to let the fish into the countryside and change the name to "Duobao Duofu", and it was also to squeeze into the back kitchen of the high-star restaurant, and finally let more people taste the sweetness of Duobao fish.
Around the Spring Festival in 2005, the market wholesale price of Duobao fish can reach 56~70 yuan / catty. Not only is the restaurant making a lot of treasure fish for food, as a status symbol when inviting guests to dinner, it has also entered the family with better conditions and become a trend of cuisine.
Breeding enterprises and farmers smell the smell of the road to riches, more and more people put into the market, in 2005 the number of breeding enterprises reached more than 700, breeding area of about 5 million square meters, the total output value of more than 4 billion yuan.
According to the statistics of the "China Fishery Statistics Yearbook", the total aquaculture output of multi-treasure fish in 2003 was 36227 tons, and by 2005, it had reached a doubling growth of 76884 tons, as if it was going to become the "boss" of China's fish market.
At this time, no one had yet anticipated the arrival of the "storm".
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="5" > "drug residue" multi-treasure fish caused a storm, and various places have been removed from shelves</h1>
The market is so hot, the number of breeding naturally has to keep up quickly. There is no technological breakthrough in the folk, and some can only be the expansion of the breeding area and the improvement of the breeding environment.
Natural multi-treasure fish is produced in the deep sea, for cold-water fish, artificial breeding can not replicate the deep-sea environment, the disease rate of multi-treasure fish is also high, can only control the reproduction of bacteria through strict cleaning and oxygenation.
At that time, to prevent polypareunia from eating too much and not digesting and suffering from enteritis, a fishing drug called oxytetracycline was used to prevent and control it. The price of oxytetracycline is higher, and some farmers who covet cheapness have moved their minds to replace oxytetracycline with an antibiotic called furacillin, and an average of one pound of furacillin can save nearly 10 yuan.
Whether the fish in the pond is sick or not, it will be put into this drug in an attempt to achieve a preventive effect. However, it takes at least two years for the polybolic fish to metabolize drugs, and as reproduction and time go by, more and more drug residues are deposited in the body.
After all, most farmers only pursue short-term results, and the fish they raise must not die in large numbers, and it is good to be able to sell and make money. They themselves have an understanding of the toxicity of illegal drugs such as carcinogenicity and teratogenicity, so they will not eat them, but these fish flow into the market, and ordinary consumers do not know anything about it.
Artificially farmed multi-pound treasure fish
In November 2006, the East Window Incident occurred. The Shanghai Food and Drug Administration conducted a number of sampling tests on market edible fish and found that in more than 30 samples of Duobao fish from supermarkets, wholesale markets and some catering units, the drug residues all exceeded the standard.
This matter has attracted widespread attention, Shanghai issued a serious consumption warning, the Ministry of Agriculture, the State Food and Drug Administration and other relevant departments also quickly launched an investigation, Shandong, Jiangsu, Hebei, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong, Liaoning, Tianjin and other coastal cities are not spared. For a time, the problem of exceeding the standard was frequent, the local governments have issued bans, the three major breeding enterprises in Shandong that use prohibited drugs have been suspended, supervised and destroyed, fines and other heavy penalties, the market duobao fish has been quickly removed from the shelves, returned to the return, destroyed destruction, people who loved to eat multi-treasure fish in the past have also waved their hands, and the market price has fallen to a minimum of 9 yuan a catty.
Farmers grit their teeth, operators lose money, consumers panic, and the entire multi-treasure fish industry chain suffers huge losses.
Sampling of aquatic products
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="7" > the event subsided and the market began to warm up</h1>
Before the incident, most of the breeding enterprises that provided fish sources for the Shanghai Duobao Fish Market were Shandong enterprises, and the most serious losses after the incident were also Shandong, and nearly 1 billion yuan of industries were wasted that year, and since then they have been in a slump.
However, under the strict traceability, aquaculture in various places has gradually become standardized, and the supervision has been effective. At the same time, in order to seize the opportunity to seize the Shanghai Duobao Fish Market, Liaoning Fang adopted a new way of pumping deep rock water from seawater wells to breed Duobao fish, where the water temperature was relatively stable and constant at about 14 ° C, which was relatively close to the natural growth environment before The Multi-Treasure Fish, and it was not easy to get sick, and naturally did not need to put illicit drugs such as furacillin. At the same time, they played a golden sign to publicize that today's multi-treasure fish adopt a completely different breeding method than before, which greatly appeased the hearts of the people.
All kinds of science popularization has also followed, and the very scary words such as "carcinogenic" are also conditional, and only when ingested for a long time and in large doses, the risk of carcinogenicity will increase. The highest concentration of nitrofuran metabolites detected in Polybao fish in Shanghai is the standard: a person who eats one and a half kilograms of Polybaran a day will have to eat for two consecutive years to reach a carcinogenic concentration.
In 2007, the market price of multi-treasure fish returned to about 80% of the peak of a few years ago; in 2008, the production of multi-treasure fish farming reached the level of more than 70,000 tons in 2005, while Liaoning replaced Shandong and became the largest supplier of the multi-treasure fish market.
The market has warmed up and the "multi-treasure fish" has risen again, which is not a good thing for people who love to taste food.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" Data-track="10" Why were live fish removed from shelves > 16 years? </h1>
The storm was already over, but a "supermarket live fish collective removal" incident that occurred at the end of 16 made consumers re-suspend their hearts. Many people think of the Duobao fish incident many years ago, and wonder if the fish eaten into the stomach has a drug test problem.
The panic did not last long, the Beijing Municipal Food and Drug Administration came out and issued a statement: said that the sampling of more than a thousand aquatic products, the pass rate of up to 96%, and the frequency of sampling is very high, the field covers a wide range, the overall condition is good, consumers do not have to worry.
So why did the live fish take off the shelves? After on-site investigation, the Beijing Food and Drug Administration came to the conclusion that the confidentiality of the news that the sampling of live fish will be done is not done well, resulting in the market's independent business behavior of removing the shelves.
This is also very telling, unchecked first removed from the shelves, which shows the operator's lack of heart. There may be some unspoken rules in the market that have not been detected, and the results of the inspection may not necessarily reflect all the problems, and for this negative "self-examination" in the market, it is obvious that many provisions need to be formulated to regulate.
By 2020, the amount of polybasic fish cultured in the country has reached 110984 tons, more than 40,000 tons more than the peak period in 2005. It has faded out of people's vision because of drugs, and now it is back in the market under more qualified market scrutiny, how far can it go in the future?
This matter depends entirely on the intensification of supervision and the raising of awareness among farmers. Only by changing from the fundamental quality can the quality of aquatic products be improved; consumers can rest assured that it is a great blessing to taste food!