Historia. The Biography of Boyi Lie records this legend, "Yao let the world be in Xu You, Xu Yu was not allowed, and shame escaped." Sima Qian also personally climbed Mount Mi, and heard that there was probably Xu Yuzuka on it. He also said, "His words are quite general, what is it?" There is no relevant record in the texts, and Sima Qian expressed doubts about the existence of Xu You's character. The "Five Emperors Benji" records that Yao Chan is located in Shun, and there is no mention of such a high priest as "Xu You", which is another proof.
However, in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Xu You's image was plumped up, and the allusions of "Xu You Hanging Scoop" and "Xu Yu Washing Ears" were born. Cai Yong the Piano. The Miyama Exercises record:
Xu You was a cloth-clad commoner in Yao's time, living in trees in summer and in caves in winter, picking wild fruits from mountains for food when he was hungry, and drinking water from the river when he was thirsty. There is no such thing as a water cup, and it is often drunk with a hand stick.
When people see that they have no utensils, they leave them with a scoop, and they drink from the pipes, hang the trees with a scoop, and the wind blows the trees, and there is a sound throughout the ages, so they think that they are troubled, so they take them and damage them.
Yao knew xu you's "Qing Festival" and respected his ambitions, and sent emissaries with fu seals to ask Xu You to go down the mountain and govern the world.
Xu Yu replied firmly: "My ambition is to eat the plants on the mountain and drink from the flowing water of the river, in order to cultivate my temperament. Spreading his hair and wandering in the mountains and forests, the purpose is to have spiritual and life sustenance, no fear, not to covet the world. ”
After the messenger left, Xu Yu felt uncomfortable listening to the messenger's words, so he went to the river to wash his ears.
Fan Jian (who said that The nest father) came over and asked him, "What dirt is in your ears?" ”
Xu Yu said, "There is no dirt, just hearing unpleasant words." ”
Fan Jian asked, "What kind of words?" ”
Xu Yu said, "Yao Zen made me the Son of Heaven." ”
Fan Jian asked, "Why is it disgusting to have such a noble position of power?" ”
Xu Yu said, "I am determined to be in Qingyun, why should I be bound to be the governor of Kyushu?" ”
Fan Jian was supposed to drink water for the cattle, but after listening to him, he left because he was ashamed to drink the cattle downstream.
These "accounts" are highly suspicious:
1. Which of Xu Yu's behaviors reflect the quality of high cleanliness? Just by the behavior of "savages"? In addition to oneself, "there is no long thing", and the scoop given by others does not know how to dispose of it, and this brain is obviously not enough!
2. Yao himself reigned for 70 years, how could he not know what kind of talent is needed to govern the world? What is Xu You's strategy for the world? Leaving the world to be governed by such a person, this Yao Emperor is really old and confused.
3. Does Xu Yu really not seek fame and fortune? There are also people who deliver water scoops in the place where he lives, indicating that it is not remote. Xu Yu was probably afraid that he saw Fan Jian go to the river to drink cattle before he ran to the river to wash his ears, right? He also talked about not paying attention to Yao at all, and it was even less rare to govern the world.
In contrast, Fan Jian was more clear and tall: Xu Yu washed his ears and dirtyed the river water, and the cattle did not drink.
Cai Yong also recorded that Xu Yu composed the song "Jishan Exercise" after Emperor Yao's death, saying that all things in heaven and earth were full of vitality, and the emperor was tired of his name, and was far less happy than a hermit like himself who coexisted with nature.
This point of credibility is even smaller, Xu Yu has no place to put even a water scoop, how can there be such an elegant instrument as the guqin? The lyrics also need to be passed on by word of mouth, and who will pass them on?
It turned out that the earliest record of Xu You's character was Zhuangzi's "Getaway", and Yao personally Zen let the world be xu You. Xu Yu said, I rule the world on your behalf, is it for the sake of fame? Birds nest in deep forests, and one branch is enough; rats drink water from the river, but for the sake of satiety. That's what I aspire to.
"Although the people of The Ku people are not cured, the corpse blessing will not be replaced by the bottle."
That is to say, cooking is the cook's business, governing the world is your business, you don't do it, I will not "cross the line".
From this, we know that Xu You is nothing more than a fictional "literary image" of Zhuangzi in order to propagate his own ideas.
If Xu You is a real historical figure, it is useless to govern the world, as Li Bai said: "What is the benefit of washing the ears of the nest?" Yi Qi starved to death and achieved nothing. (Laughter Song Line)