Duanmu Hongliang, a famous modern Chinese writer, was born on September 25, 1912 in Sujiatun, Kuanyu Village, Under the jurisdiction of Bird This Lushu District, Changtu County, Liaoning Province, that is, Sujiatun, Yueliang Village, Xiaertaizi Township, Changtu County, died on October 5, 1996, and was the vice chairman of the Beijing Writers Association before his death, writing more than 10 million words of works in his lifetime, well-known at home and abroad.
Three women in his life had an impact on his success that cannot be underestimated.
The first is his mother, the daughter of a tenant; the second is his wife who died young, Xiao Hong, a writer who became famous at home and abroad at the age of 30; the third is the wife after Xiao Hong who sent him to the west of the crane, and zhong Yaoqun, who was known as the queen of drama in the 40s...
Figure | Duanmu Liang Xiao Hong
Zhong Yaoqun began to serve the country from the military when she was a young girl, and her career as a horseman, stained the trenches with blood, and inspired the Chinese anti-Japanese soldiers with songs...
After marrying Duanmu Hongliang, she gave up her personal pursuit and wholeheartedly supported her husband's creation.
In his lifetime, Herana Tsubaki created and published about 10 million words of works, and was recognized as a red scholar, calligrapher, and had a deep intention for Chinese painting. The success of Duanmu Hongliang and the help of Zhong Yaoqun cannot be underestimated.
In October 1959, Zhong Yaoqun went to Beijing to see her old friend Liu Ling and her husband, He Shanghua.
Liu Ling joined the revolution as a teenager, worked as a correspondent for Dong Biwu, and fought guerrillas with the character prototype "Two Guns Old Lady" in the novel "Red Rock", and she and Zhong Yaoqun were friends during the War of Resistance.
As soon as they met, the couple asked Zhong Yaoqun if he was married. Zhong Yaoqun told them, "There is no object yet." "They're in a hurry.
At this time, Zhong Yaoqun was already in her thirties, and the troops were also very concerned about her marriage.
Qin Jiwei, commander of the military region where Zhong Yaoqun belongs, and Xie Fuzhi, political commissar, have repeatedly told the leaders of the cultural and labor troupe: "We can't just let Zhong Yaoqun act, we must give her the opportunity to find an object. You should care about her and not delay the marriage. ”
The literary troupe was afraid that she would find someone in the field and transfer away, and wanted her to find it in the troupe. There was no heart for her in the group. The head of the cultural and labor corps brought the photographs of the widowed and unmarried chiefs of the military region, showed them to her, and asked her which one she liked.
She felt that how to live with these chiefs was not that they were not good people, but that there was no common language with them.
At that time, some members of the literary and labor troupe were looking for a partner who wanted to find a status, and a female member of the regiment openly said in the fifties: "I want to find a car (a car) that smokes on the ass." ”
She was later introduced by the organization to marry a deputy commander of a military district who was about her age. She had never met him, and after a few letters, she flew to the house with the photograph and the man's letter, and married the deputy commander just by virtue of those few letters.
Zhong Yaoqun had never wanted to climb the ranks of a high official, she wanted to find a right taste. She made up her mind: if there is no approval, it will not be forced. However, Zhong Yaoqun especially likes children and wants a child, so he decided to get married.
The head of the unit is very good to Zhong Yaoqun, not only for personal problems, but also for small things in life, and he is also very considerate of her.
I remember that she had just joined the army, and she could not get up in the morning according to the schedule of the troops, so she and the leaders of the cultural and labor troupe said: "I don't sleep enough!" The regimental leader told Zhong Yaoqun's words to General Chen Geng, the commander of the military region at the time. Commander Chen listened and said, "Let them sleep, let them sleep, don't be alarmed!" ”
At that time, I slept in the hall, the bunks were paved, people were next to people, the quilts they covered were all brought from home, colorful, Zhong Yaoqun and her sister's quilts were made by her mother, and she did not cover the military quilts issued by the troops when she went to the cultural and labor troupe.
In the morning, everyone got up, and Zhong Yaoqun and his sister Zhong Yaomei could still sleep.
When she played "White Haired Girl" for the warrior, she played the "Yellow Mother", and Chen Geng lent his own bed to Zhong Yaoqun as a prop. General Chen Geng's concern for Zhong Yaoqun is now vividly remembered.
This time in Beijing, Liu Ling and his wife heard that Zhong Yaoqun was still single, so they said: "We will introduce you to a person, this person works in Xinhua Bookstore." ”
Zhong Yaoqun went to look at each other: people are really good, tall, white, and have a certain culture. However, after talking twice, I felt that it was not right, and I went back to Kunming and wrote twice, and then I ended the exchange.
When she arrived in Beijing again, Liu Ling heard Zhong Yaoqun and the one from Xinhua Bookstore stop and said, "This time I will introduce you to one, he is a writer named Duanmu Hongliang." Zhong Yaoqun was shocked and said, "What? How old is he! ”
Duanmu Hongliang was a very old man in Zhong Yaoqun's impression, and Zhong Yaoqun was only sixteen years old when he watched his "Horqin Banner Grassland".
Liu Ling said: "This person is in his forties. ”
Zhong Yaoqun said, "Not only?" ”
Liu Ling said: "What is this, can't get fake!" When he published his novels, he was young, and you mistakenly thought he was old. ”
Hearing that Duanmu Hongliang's age was not as old as she thought, she was a little moved. His "Horqin Banner Grassland" still has a deep impression in Zhong Yaoqun's heart.
Therefore, Zhong Yaoqun agreed to meet with Duanmu Hongliang, but he could not casually look at each other and report to the organization.
Back to the group. The leader of the regiment said, "Duanmu Hongliang? He's almost eighty, right? However, if you are on leave, you can go to the Beijing Military Academy for interviews, collect materials to write a script, and give you a month's leave. ”
In July, Zhong Yaoqun flew to Beijing, and as soon as she got off the plane, Liu Ling and He Shanghua came to pick her up with Duanmu Hongliang.
Zhong Yaoqun's imagination of Duanmu Hongliang is rough, curly hair, the same as the forest he describes in his novels; in fact, it is the opposite of what he imagined: he is white, thin, with a slightly ridden back, wearing a Zhongshan suit, and a literati and scholarly appearance.
Zhong Yaoqun is dressed in a military uniform, tall, with epaulettes, very powerful, and Duanmu Hongliang is in stark contrast.
Seeing him, Zhong Yaoqun naturally remembered the poem he depicted in the grassland that blended with philosophy: The earth is uneven because the earth always has endless tears. How good is that language! The flowing rivers and lakes, which are the tears that flow from the unevenness of the earth to the world, are not only the art of imagination, but also the writer's sense of experiencing the vicissitudes of the world!
In short, people and Zhong Yaoqun imagined differently.
Figure | Duanmu Hongliang
In order to give them a chance to talk together, Liu Ling and his wife introduced them together and left.
Duanmu Hongliang and Zhong Yaoqun went to the Peace Restaurant to eat Western food. He asked Zhong Yaoqun what he liked to eat, and Zhong Yaoqun was not polite, saying, "I eat prawns." ”
Duanmu Hongliang asked for a large plate of shrimp. Eat and talk,
Duanmu Hongliang said that he had seen Zhong Yaoqun's play. Zhong Yaoqun asked what play he was watching.
Duanmu Hongliang said, "Chen Yuanyuan." ”
Zhong Yaoqun said: "I read your works when I was sixteen years old and liked to read your books. ”
She told Duanmu Hongliang that at that time, in the mobile propaganda team of the Ninth Theater of Changsha, Hunan Province, everyone wanted to read books, but they couldn't afford to buy them, so they went to the bookstore to steal them. "Horqin Banner Grassland" was stolen from the bookstore.
Duanmu Smiled. They talk a lot. That night, Duanmu Hongliang sent Zhong Yaoqun to the Wanming Army Guest House, and said that he would come to see Zhong Yaoqun tomorrow.
The next day, Duanmu Haoliang came as promised.
Originally, Zhong Yaoqun and Duanmu would be in a period of time after they met, at this time, a letter promoted the progress of their relationship.
The letter was written by Zhong Yaomei, telling Zhong Yaoqun that the wife of the political commissar of the cultural and labor troupe had committed suicide, and if Zhong Yaoqun could not find a partner in Beijing this time, he would marry Zhong Yaoqun to the political commissar of the cultural and labor troupe in the form of organizational decision.
The sister asked Zhong Yaoqun to quickly come up with an idea: if it is not decided in time, the organization will make a decision for you, and you must agree to it, and if you disagree, you must also agree.
At that time, some female comrades had no autonomy when looking for a partner, and the organization assigned to whomever they wanted.
Zhong Yaoqun also panicked: Once the organization had decided on this matter, it would be troublesome, and Zhong Yaoqun was frightened to go to Feng Mu, the military region's propaganda director who was meeting in Beijing at the time, and tell him about the current situation.
After listening, Minister Feng Mu said: "Individual problems are decided by individuals, and organizations cannot arrange marriages." No one has the right to interfere. If you have a crush on that writer, we support it, and you can investigate. Hearing this, Zhong Yaoqun's hanging heart was put down.
Zhong Yaoqun immediately wrote to his sister, asking her to report to the head of the regiment and asking the organization to send someone to investigate Duanmu Hongliang.
After the regiment came to investigate, it was found that Duanmu Hongliang had a suspicious point: during the Left Alliance period, a person was arrested, and it was suspected that Duanmu Hongliang had informed the reactionaries.
This problem cannot be said clearly, nor can it be checked, and it is also very fatal, so the organization told Zhong Yaoqun about this matter.
Logically, the regiment should not have told Zhong Yaoqun about this problem, because it was an organizational secret, but they told Zhong Yaoqun about it. The purpose was to make Zhong Yaoqun disagree with Duanmu Hongliang and get along again, so that he could return to the regiment and marry the political commissar.
Unexpectedly, after Zhong Yaoqun listened to this incident, he said: "This question is not clear whether it is true or not, there is nothing to worry about!" ”
Later, it was found out that the matter really had nothing to do with Duanmu, otherwise, Duanmu would not have been able to join the party. When the leader of the regiment saw that Zhong Yaoqun had made up his mind, he said, "It is okay to marry Duanmu Hongliang, but it cannot be transferred!" Zhong Yaoqun agreed.
And Tonki Haruyoshi realized that it was only three months before and after registering the marriage. So fast. They were ready to get married.
The day of the registration of the marriage was March 1960, and the two of them went to the streets in xicheng district to register, and Duanmu Hongliang wrote in the column of "Marriage or Not": Widowed; Zhong Yaoqun wrote: Last marriage.
When he got out of the door, Duanmu Hongliang said to himself, "Eighteen years." Zhong Yaoqun said, "It's not simple, I've been guarding the cold kiln for eighteen years!" ”
They went to the Beijing Hotel to ask for a plate of prawns, a bottle of wine, and after eating, they went their separate ways: Zhong Yaoqun took the car that night to Qinyuan, Shanxi Province, to interview, and Duanmu Hongliang went to the Beijing Film Studio to participate in the criticism meeting of the white blade.
Qinyuan, Shanxi is an old revolutionary area, and many stories and heroes have emerged during the war of resistance against Japan, but after the founding of New China, the people here are still quite poor.
Zhong Yaoqun lives in the home of the women's director of a brigade in Qinyuan County, Shanxi. The women's director's family all slept on a kang, and Zhong Yaoqun slept on the far side, leaning on the women's director.
They stripped naked at night when they slept, frightening Zhong Yaoqun not to dare to turn over, and his face rushed against the wall. There was a large wooden barrel in the middle of the ground, and at night I heard a commotion, a rush: get up and urinate.
Later, Zhong Yaoqun and the women's director said, "Find me a family with Xiao Kang!" ”
Zhong Yaoqun moved to a poor peasant family, which had a small population, and Zhong Yaoqun himself slept in a hut and a small kang.
Zhong Yaoqun got along well with this family. Zhong Yaoqun gave them all the things he had supplied to him, and everyone ate together. That little kid can't eat meat. A pot of white rice was brought up, and they thought it was a good dish, so they ate it as a dish. Zhong Yaoqun likes to eat dachazi and pancakes.
He worked with the peasants during the day and cut their hair after returning from work. Idle, these farmers who had never been to the city also joined Zhong Yaoqun in the mountains and the south sea.
They asked Zhong Yaoqun, "Are the toilets of the people in your city in the house?" Will there be buildings in the countryside in the future? ”
They all called her "Old Bell" and got along quite well. Later, the regiment informed that Zhong Yaoqun should first go back to participate in the "Four Qing" study, and she could have a month's marriage leave and then return to Kunming.
In early May 1960, Zhong Yaoqun returned to Beijing from Qinyuan, Shanxi.
Duanmu Hongliang's apartment is in Dongdan Sanjo, which is a wooden building, and his room is chaotic, all four are books, and the bed is also books.
When they were about to get married in May, their sister also came to Beijing to attend her sister's wedding and help Zhong Yaoqun decorate a new house.
My sister bought a new bed, and covered all the books with a white cloth, and there was no place to hide the books, so I could only decorate them like this. Flowers were placed on the desk and incense was lit. Taegi changed the light bulb in the house to red.
Although the cottage is simple, it has been decorated and looks festive.
On May 5, the two invited the head of the military region in Beijing to dinner, and commander Qin Jiwei, political commissar Jin Rubai, and deputy commanders Chen Kang and Xu Zhifen all came. Commander Qin officiated at their wedding.
Duanmu Hongliang's eldest brother arranged a meal, set up two tables in the Xidan Hongbin Building, and asked for three Peking ducks. It was a difficult time, and roast duck was limited.
In order not to miss the performances and creations in the troupe, and to allow Zhong Yaoqun to spend the past month, the chief asked Zhong Yaoqun to experience life at the military academy in Xiangshan, Beijing, write a script, and give her a month of creative leave.
One day after the wedding, Duanmu Hongliang and Zhong Yaoqun went to the street together, entered the store, he held a ticket in his hand, and said to Zhong Yaoqun: "What do you want to buy?" ”
Zhong Yaoqun smiled and asked him, "You see, do I need it?" "The implication is: I'm a soldier and I have a salary, so you put away the money!" I don't need anything!
At that time, Duanmu Hongliang was very poor. Before the marriage, he said to Zhong Yaoqun, "You know what? There's a company of people behind me! “
At that time, Duanmu Hongliang supported the children of the eldest brother's family and the third brother, a large group of young and old, he still had to live, and he also had to buy books.
Zhong Yaoqun did not need him to spend any money for himself, but when he got married, he could not help but buy something for his wife as a souvenir, duanmu Hongliang had to buy something for Zhong Yaoqun, and Zhong Yaoqun had to agree, and finally chose a watch.
In fact, this Zhong Yaoqun is not lacking, it is to meet the love of Duanmu Hongliang, only agreed to buy. A month passed quickly, and Zhong Yaoqun had to return to the army.
……
Zhong Yaoqun and Duanmu Hongliang were in the same boat, spent thirty-seven spring and autumn, and there was a popular saying in society, saying: "The success of a husband is half that of a wife," Duanmu Hongliang's creation condensed Zhong Yaoqun's painstaking efforts, and Zhong Yaoqun sacrificed too much for Duanmu Hongliang.
Originally a first-class actor, in order to take care of Duanmu Hongliang, she was transferred from Yunnan to Beijing, although she entered the capital, but she gave up the drama she had loved since she was a child and had achieved early achievements, and since then she has been willing to accompany her husband in obscurity.
Zhong Yaoqun accompanied her husband Duanmu Hongliang to encounter the toss of the ultra-left movements since the founding of the People's Republic of China, especially Zhong Yaoqun accompanied Duanmu Hongliang was attacked by people with ulterior motives in literary history, and their bumpy life made them dilute their fame and fortune, honor and disgrace.
Today, after the death of Duanmu Hongliang, the elderly Zhong Yaoqun, who is more than 80 years old, has received the support of the Beijing Municipal Party Committee to compile the "Collected Works of Duanmu Hongliang" for Duanmu Hongliang, and has now published eight volumes.
Figure | From left, Zhao Yuxiu, Duanmu Hongliang, and dancer Jia Zuoguang were photographed in 1985
Text | Iron enemies on the blue red
A member of the Chinese Writers Association, a native of Changtu County, Liaoning Province, he has served as a zhiqing, a soldier of the People's Liberation Army, a worker, and a civil servant