The White Horse Temple is located 12 kilometers east of Luoyang City, Henan Province, about 1 kilometer west of Luoyang Ancient City of Han and Wei Dynasties, north of Pishan, south of Luoshui. It is known as "China's first ancient temple", "ancestral garden" and "Shiyuan" of Chinese Buddhism, and is the only international temple in the world with the cultural customs of China, India, Myanmar and Thailand.
The White Horse Temple was founded in the 11th year of Yongping in the Eastern Han Dynasty (68 AD), with a history of about 2,000 years, and its purpose was to support the monks from the Western Regions, Zhu Fateng, Zhu Falan and the Buddhist scriptures and Buddha statues they brought. White Horse Temple is the first temple after Buddhism was introduced to the Central Plains, "temple" was originally the name of the Han Dynasty official office (such as Honglu Temple, Taifu Temple), but since then it has become the special name of Chinese Buddhist temples. The White Horse Temple is known as the "Shiyuan" of Chinese Buddhism, that is, the birthplace of Chinese Buddhism.
Overall layout: the existing construction area of the White Horse Temple is more than 34,000 square meters, it is a rectangular courtyard that sits in the north and faces south, the mountain gate is a three-door hole of the archway type, there are two stone horse statues of the Song Dynasty on the east and west sides of the mountain gate, the size is similar to the real horse, but the action demeanor is more gentle and quiet than the real horse. Entering the mountain gate, the central axis is arranged in order from near and far to the Tianwang Palace, the Great Buddha Palace, the Daxiong Palace, the Receiving Hall and the Pilu Pavilion, and on both sides of the central axis, there are the Gate Head Hall, the Ancestral Hall, the Guest Hall, the Dining Hall and the two halls of the Qingliang Platform and the Abbot's Courtyard. The building complex is regular and symmetrical, which is the traditional style of ancient architecture in the mainland. There are two two-story corner towers in the southeast and southwest corners of the temple that serve as bell towers and drum towers.
Main buildings:
Mountain Gate and Stone Horse: The mountain gate is the archway type three-door hole, the main gate is embedded above the three words "White Horse Temple", and the side title is "the reconstruction of the eunuch Huang Jin" and "the winter moon auspicious day of the twenty-fifth year of Jiajing". There is a pair of stone horses in front of the mountain gate, it is the bluestone round carved horse of the Song Dynasty, moved by the monk Dehao, 1.75 meters high, 2.2 meters long. On the east side of the mountain gate, there is a "Luojing White Horse Temple Ancestral Courtyard Record" carved tablet, which is said to be written by Zhao Mengfu, a great calligrapher of the Yuan Dynasty.
Tianwang Palace: the Northern Wei Dynasty built three gates, the Yuan Dynasty in the door of the plastic four heavenly kings, still called "three gates", the Ming Dynasty expanded to build the mountain gate, changed the "three gates" to "the palace of the heavenly king", the four heavenly kings that are the eastern holding of the country of the heavenly king, the southern growth of the heavenly king, the western wide-eyed heavenly king, the northern multi-hearing heavenly king, also known as the "four great King Kong".
Daxiong Palace: It is the largest and most richly decorated hall in the temple, it has been hit by fire many times in history, and now it is seen that the building was rebuilt during the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty. There is a broad platform in front of the hall, the east side wall of the courtyard is inlaid with the carved stone of "Morteng enters the Han Lingji", the base of the hall is one meter high, the main hall is a square building, the east and west sides are five rooms wide, the hall is 22.8 meters wide, and the depth is 14.2 meters. The back wall of the Daxiong Hall and the two mountains are all inlaid with trapezoidal blue bricks, trapezoidal bluestone and large blue bricks, which are very rare.
Qiyun Pagoda: Five generations later, Tang Zhuangzong built the "East White Horse Temple" in the east of the White Horse Temple, which was called the "Small Temple" because of its small scale. In front of the temple, there is a 500-foot-high nine-level wooden stupa named "Qiyun". In the first year of Jingkang in the Northern Song Dynasty, Qiyun Pagoda was burned down. Later, in the fifteenth year of Jin Dading, a square brick tower with a height of 13 floors and 160 feet was built on the site of the original Qiyun Pagoda, and a triple tower wall, two scripture burning platforms and more than 20 houses were built.
White Horse Temple Burmese style Buddha Hall: Burmese people call it "Mahachina Papa", which means "Great China Pagoda", which is based on the Rui Daguang Pagoda (Myanmar Shwedagon Pagoda) in Yangon, Myanmar.
Overall, the White Horse Temple is a tourist attraction worth visiting. Here, you can appreciate the profound and unique charm of Chinese Buddhist culture, as well as the treasures and historical heritage of ancient Chinese culture. Whether you're a Buddhist or a tourist interested in Chinese culture, White Horse Temple is a place worth visiting.
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