Doghead mushroom came, saw a lot of Chinese legendary historical figures, today we talk about something different, let's talk about the legendary historical figures of other countries. For example, the founding monarch of the Lee Dynasty in Korea, Lee Sung-gyu.
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Li Chenggui was born in the Shuangcheng Governorate under liaoyang province in the Yuan dynasty, and Li Chenggui called her queen and changed her name to Yongxing County.
Li Chenggui's ancestors had served as the sikong of the Silla (one of the ancient kingdoms in that part of the peninsula), and after more than a dozen generations, the family lineage gradually declined, and when it was passed on to Li Chenggui's grandfather's grandfather, Li Anshe, because of the quarrel with other officials for an official prostitute, he was ostracized and moved away, and finally settled in present-day Hamgyong (now under the administration of the northern side). Later, Li Chenggui's great-grandfather served as the commander of the Yuan Dynasty in Xianxing, and became a Hao clan in this area.
His father, Li Zichun, inherited the official position of his ancestors, and served as the highest official of the Yuan Dynasty at the local level of the Yuan Dynasty, and the Goryeo Dynasty successively submitted to the Northern Song Dynasty, the Yuan Dynasty, and the Ming Dynasty).
In 1356, Li Sung-gyu and his father helped the Goryeo king Wang Zhao (zhuān) to recover the Shuangcheng Governorate, and later made many military achievements in resisting the invasion of the anti-Yuan Red Turban Army, and was appreciated by Wang Zhao and promoted several times. In this way, he slowly grew into a great general with great power.
In 1388, the time came for Li Chenggui to transfer.
In that year, Zhu Yuanzhang's Ming army defeated the Yuan army that controlled the Liaodong region, and wanted to transfer the Tielingwei (tielingwei) under the Shuangcheng Governor's Office (present-day south Hamgyong Province and Gangwon Province, Korea) to his jurisdiction, so he wrote a document informing the King of Goryeo of this matter. This document made the King of Goryeo very unhappy, and it was impossible for the two cities that had been recovered to be recovered by others, so the King of Goryeo sent Li Chenggui and others to form an army to conquer the Ming army in Liaodong.
The army arrived at The Yalu River, weihua Island, watched the river flood, the soldiers did not want to wade into the water expedition, many of them ran away. In contrast, the Ming army on the other side defeated the Yuan army, morale was high, and their soldiers ran away. Li Chenggui knew that this was an uncertain battle, so he wrote to the King of Goryeo to request the withdrawal of his army and return to the dynasty, but the song was defeated by the pro-Yuan faction in the dynasty.
Will be outside, the king's destiny will be spared. After many fruitless attempts, Li Chenggui decided to carry out military advice and fight for his future. In May 1388, Li Chenggui led a large army back to the Dynasty. This is the Wahua Island Return Incident.
After the return of Weihua Island, Li Chenggui monopolized the power of the dynasty, abolished the two sides, completely reshuffled the imperial court, and played a prelude to the establishment of a new dynasty.
In April 1392, Lee Sung-gyu's fifth son, Lee Fong-won, assassinated Jeong Mong-joo, a minister loyal to the Goryeo Dynasty, and the last obstacle to Lee Sung-gyu's usurpation of the throne was removed.
On July 17, 1392, under the "persuasion" of many officials, Li Chenggui took the throne as king, changed the name of the country to Joseon, set the capital to open the capital, and moved the capital to Seoul in 1396.
After Li Chenggui became king, he listened to the advice of Zheng Daochuan (Li Chenggui's military master, known as the "designer of the dynasty") and established a "major policy" for the Ming Dynasty. (Serving the Ming Dynasty like a vassal state) It turns out that they are the right choice, otherwise they may have been destroyed by the Ming Dynasty.
Shortly after taking the throne, Li Chenggui sent a letter to Zhu Yuanzhang saying that he was not a usurper of the country, but that the king of Goryeo was ignorant of state affairs and wanted to assassinate me, a "loyal subject." Originally, I decided to retire, but the widow of the king of Goryeo repeatedly asked me to go back to preside over the overall situation of the imperial court, and soon after I was pushed by the military and the people to ascend the throne, I have been trying to shirk it, but in order to appease the people, I can only obey the will of the people.
This wave of whitewashing almost believed it.
When Zhu Yuanzhang saw Li Chenggui say this, he only wrote back and said, "You should guard your territory well."
Is this the domineering spirit from the king? People said a big article, and as a result, you replied with a few words, and sure enough, the strong have the right to speak.
Not long after, Li Chenggui wrote to Zhu Yuanzhang again, saying that it was not his intention to go to Liaodong that year, it was completely persecuted by the King of Goryeo and the traitors, and he hoped that you would have a large number of adults and not worry about small people like me.
Zhu Yuanzhang asked the Ministry of Rites to reply: You are following the people's hearts and taking the throne, and you have placed your people well, and it is a blessing for the two dynasties not to cause trouble at the border. The implication is that the words are all said, if you dare to provoke us, you can do it yourself!
Although Li Chenggui repeatedly wrote to show his heart as a vassal, on the surface li chao and Daming were harmonious, but private competition has always existed. Li Chenggui always wanted to recuperate and conquer Liaodong, and in addition, some officials of the Li Dynasty also privately communicated with the remnants of the Yuan Dynasty.
Not long after, Li Chenggui wrote again, this time asking Zhu Yuanzhang to give him a national name. He drafted the two numbers of "Joseon" and "Hening", asked Zhu Yuanzhang to choose one, and Zhu Yuanzhang chose the first, saying that this name is good, and the source has been very good for a long time.
It is said that the name "Joseon" was first named by the Shang Dynasty's Ji (jī) sub-name. This Mizi was the uncle of the King of Shang, and because he was not accustomed to the tyranny of the King of Shang, he went into seclusion.
After the destruction of the country, King Wu of Zhou came many times to invite Jizi out of the mountains to govern the government, but he was nostalgic for his homeland and did not want to go out of the mountains, in order to prevent King Wu from coming to him again, he took some noble friends who had made good friends with him to the east, they came all the way to the Yellow Sea and boarded an island, seeing that the scenery here was not bad, they called this place "Korea" and settled here.
With the approval of the eldest brother, the name "Joseon" officially became the name of the Lee dynasty.
Li Chenggui sent Xie En, the great seal of the former king of Goryeo, to Zhu Yuanzhang, and also asked himself to change his name to Li Dan.
In 1395, Zhu Yuanzhang put the Li Dynasty on the list of "countries that do not conquest", the so-called "country without conquest" is a country that Daming does not take the initiative to conquest, but there is a premise that you cannot disturb my people, if you disturb me, you will still be beaten.
However, although the name of the country was approved, Zhu Yuanzhang never recognized Li Chenggui's throne, and in the list of "countries that do not conquest", the annotation to the Li dynasty is as follows: "The four kings of the Wang clan are treated as follows." Old Zhu knew that he was rebellious, and it would be difficult to control the water one day, and besides, the internal officials of the Li Dynasty still had private exchanges with the remnants of the Yuan Dynasty, and Old Zhu did not allow this situation to occur.
Of course, while conducting "big diplomacy" with the Ming Dynasty, Li Chenggui was not idle, and he was actively improving the internal strength of the Li Dynasty. Internally, he continued to rely on Zheng Daochuan and others to carry out reforms, and the power of the Korean Gate Valve family was constantly disintegrated, and the order of the new dynasty was slowly established.
Externally, he expanded the plate by recruiting and conquering the various tribes in the surrounding area by force, and under his efforts, the territory of the new dynasty expanded to the tumen River area, and the blueprint of the new dynasty was slowly unfolding in his hands.
His series of measures pulled the people back from the heat of the Goryeo Dynasty and won the hearts and minds of the people, but he still could not escape the situation that would occur in most dynasties - father-son cannibalism.
Li Chenggui had two queens, Li Fangyuan, whom we mentioned earlier, was the fifth son born to the original queen, but in his later years, Li Chenggui favored the youngest son Li Fangshuo born to the second queen, and Li Chenggui established the 11-year-old Li Fangshuo as his son despite the objections of his courtiers. Li Fangyuan made great contributions to the establishment of the new dynasty, but could not withstand a young son, which caused the dissatisfaction of the 31-year-old Li Fangyuan.
Li Fangyuan launched a coup d'état, hacking and killing his younger brother Li Fangshuo, and incidentally, the auxiliary chancellor Zheng Daochuan was also solved. Li Fangyuan rushed into the palace and said that "Li Fangshuo and Zheng Daochuan intended to rebel and mutilate the prince." For the sake of the big position, we have seen a lot of plots such as mutilating brothers.
This was the first Prince's Rebellion.
Later, Li Chenggui was forced to give way to his second son Li Fangguo, later Emperor Dingzong, and himself was honored as the King of Taishang, but the power of the dynasty was firmly controlled by Li Fangyuan.
However, Li Fangyuan was not reconciled, and in 1400, he launched the Second Prince's Rebellion and forced his brother Li Fangguo to abdicate, and he successfully became the third monarch of the Li Dynasty.
His script is very similar to Li Shimin, fighting bravely on the battlefield for the country, but he can't get what he wants, he can only give it a go.
After two upheavals, Li Chenggui, who had lost his beloved son and favored courtiers, was extremely disgusted with Li Fangyuan, and successively moved to his hometown of Xianxing and other places, and even converted to Buddhism, hoping to be an idle person who did not care about the world. However, none of this has been desired.
In 1402, Li Chenggui was taken hostage by Li Fangyuan from Xianxing and returned to Beijing to live in seclusion in the palace.
In May 1408, Li Chenggui died at the age of seventy-four, and the Ming Dynasty gave him the title of "Kang Xian", so some people also called him "Kang Xian King".
Li Chenggui ascended the throne at the age of fifty-eight to open up a new dynasty, but the real time on the throne was only seven years, and the remaining ten years were in the position of King Taishang, which was vacated.
After Li Fangyuan ascended the throne, he immediately wrote to the Ming court, which was still the reign of Zhu Yunjiao, and the Ming court approved Li Fangyuan to inherit the throne and decreed that he was crowned king, which was considered to be recognized by the eldest brother. After Zhu Di ascended the throne, Li Fangyuan also often sent emissaries to the Ming Dynasty to pay tribute, and also requested mutual exchange with the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Di saw that he was a person who knew the times, so he sealed him again, and gave him a golden seal, a crown dress, and a jade gui.
Although Li Fangyuan's methods of ascending the throne were not so bright, after he took the throne, he also vigorously reformed and eliminated the evil government, and consolidated the rule of the Li Dynasty.
Li Chenggui's life can be said to be ups and downs, conquering all sides, from a general to the founder of the new dynasty, this process is not easy, and almost assassinated. Originally thought that he could enjoy his old age in peace, but in the end he turned against his son and was reclusively lived in the palace, living in sorrow.
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