Tracking the "gray production" of electric bicycles in the 3.15 |: stalled vehicles must be strictly supervised and digitized

Text: Hu Jiaqi Zhu Yun

ID：BMR2004

On the city road, you can always see speeding electric bicycles, there are brothers who deliver takeaways, there are parents who send children, and office workers who travel between home and the company at two points and one line, as if the years are quiet and good.

However, e-bikes are not calm. In 2022, CCTV's "3·15 Party" program was exposed, and many electric bicycle dealers and manufacturers such as electric bicycle brands such as Maverick, Xinri, Luyuan, Hello, Oupai, Tailing, Knife, and Green Energy had problems such as non-compliance in production and sales.

At present, the top speed of some electric bicycle brands can reach 30 km to 40 km/h, which exceeds the mandatory national standard of the "Electric Bicycle Safety Technical Specification" issued by the state in April 2019 (referred to as the "new national standard"). The new national standard stipulates that the speed of domestic electric bicycles shall not exceed 25 kilometers per hour.

For the speeding problem of electric bicycles, a consumer who purchased a maverick electric bicycle confirmed to the "Business School" reporter that "the speed of the electric bicycle stipulated by the state is 25 kilometers per hour, but the maverick electric vehicle purchased by himself is unlocked by the staff when purchased, and the speed after unlocking can reach 30 kilometers to 40 kilometers per hour." ”

The consumer further explained, "The general electric bicycle has two gears, the normal gear is 25 km / h, only the acceleration gear will reach 30 km - 40 km / h, the traffic police caught it is okay, after unlocking the instrument displayed is still 25 km / h, and this problem is most electric bicycles have." ”

Cui Dongshu, secretary general of the National Passenger Car Market Information Joint Association, expressed optimism about the electric bicycle industry, and for the current common electric bicycles on the market, such as Xinri, Maverick, Hello, Luyuan, And tailing, there are problems such as illegal speed-up, Cui Dongshu suggested strengthening management, and for the irregularities in the electric bicycle industry, in order to make the industry move towards formality, Cui Dongshu suggested strengthening the use of management.

Zhang Junyi, former managing partner of NIO Capital, former global partner of Roland Berger, head of automotive and private equity business, told the "Business School" reporter that the electric bicycle market is a very important means of transportation in the low-level market, and in the process of use, driving safety and charging safety are factors that need to be considered when buying electric bicycles. Generally speaking, electric bicycle users want higher speeds, but some brands ignore the specifications and opportunistically take advantage of the situation in order to achieve sales purposes.

For the problem of electric bicycle speeding, the reporter of "Business School" issued an interview outline to many electric bicycle companies such as Maverick, Xinri, Luyuan, Haro, Oupai, Tailing, Knife, and Green Energy.

Luyuan told the "Business School" reporter, "The electric vehicles that leave the green source factory are compliant, and dealers are strictly prohibited from debugging, but there are individual dealers who have a gray industrial chain, we found that a secondary distributor in Jiangsu has an unlocker, and in the verification, it was found that there are distributors who buy decoders on Taobao." ”

Hello and Green Energy said they would not accept interviews, and other companies did not reply.

The scale is enormous

"Electric bicycles are entry-level means of transportation for Chinese people to solve basic problems of travel, and have a huge output in China." Zhong Shi, a well-known commentator in the automotive industry, said.

China is the country with the largest number of electric bicycles in the world, and the annual sales of electric bicycles in the mainland have exceeded 30 million units. The Deloitte report predicts that 130 million electric bicycles will be sold worldwide between 2020 and 2023.

From the research and development of Electric Bicycles in China to the small batch put on the market in the 1990s, and so far, it has been showing a year-on-year growth trend.

According to the data, the output of electric bicycles in the mainland in 1998 was 55,400 units, in 1999 the output was 126,000 units, in 2000 it was 276,000 units, in 2001 it rose to 580,000 units, the sales scale exceeded 1 million units in 2002, the national output reached 4 million units in 2003, the cumulative production and sales reached 7 million units, and nearly 700 electric bicycle companies in the country obtained production licenses.

Zhang Xiang, an analyst in the automotive industry, believes that the number of electric bicycles is very large, in general, car owners are generally concentrated in the working class, and many of the users used are small business vendors and parents who pick up and drop off their children to school. The situation of speeding on electric bicycles is very common, there are many violations, the police are not responsible for some laws when they catch fines, and the problem of speeding is difficult to test. For example, the car has an annual inspection every year, if the electric bicycle is inspected every year, the workload of management is very large, and the burden of management is increased.

"The traffic road management of electric bicycles is relatively vague." Zhong Shi further explained, "Electric bicycles can not enter the road of motor vehicles, but on the bicycle lane, because the weight of electric bicycles is several times heavier than bicycles, the speed of electric bicycles is difficult to control to be slightly higher than bicycles, once the electric bicycle hits pedestrians, the damage suffered by pedestrians will be more serious, second only to motor vehicles." Zhong Shi analyzed that although the state has introduced regulations to limit the speed of electric bicycles, some dealers will also use some hands and feet on electric bicycles in order to attract customers, because some jobs that emphasize speed will ride electric bicycles to run transportation, delivery, etc. In order to make money fast, there will also be problems of ignoring regulations.

Strengthen the supervision of electric bicycles, strengthen the monitoring of electric bicycles through technical means, deeply investigate the manufacturers and dealers of electric bicycle violations from the source, and issue warnings to enterprises that regulate the speed of electric bicycles. Zhong Shi further explained that previously, the regulations formulated for electric bicycles were more to emphasize that injured pedestrians should bear punishment, and it was suggested that industry rules should be fully matched from the production and distribution links.

Zhang Xiang suggested that, first of all, the key to solving the problem of electric bicycles is to manage the link of the test car license, confiscate the unlicensed car, only the car with a license plate can be driven on the road, enhance the owner's sense of responsibility for cycling, and can restrain himself with the norms. Second, electric bicycles should be networked, each of which must be equipped with a terminal connected to the internet, using big data to manage the driving trajectory and speed of electric bicycles on the cloud, for the speeding problem of electric bicycles, using big data to manage is more effective than traffic police management. Zhang Xiang further explained, "Big data management can monitor the time and place of speeding of the owner, and issue a ticket according to this, which further warns the owner of the electric bicycle." In general, the use of the Internet of Vehicles terminal to manage the speeding of electric bicycles is a good means, directly and automatically through the cloud and artificial intelligence to intelligently issue tickets, which is a very low cost and effective way. ”

"What came out this time is that there is a problem of decoding speed limits in the entire industry." Bai Yiyang, manager of the international research department of CMB, further explained to the "Business School" reporter, "It should be solved through both technical and regulatory aspects, such as installing OTA data devices and strengthening law enforcement." At the same time, Bai Yiyang believes that the deeper reason is that in industries such as takeaway and same-city express delivery, enterprises forcibly compress the delivery time through unreasonable algorithms, which in turn derives illegal behavior of speeding, endangering relevant personnel and traffic safety. This part needs to be addressed by multiple departments and industries. ”