All content in this article is based on official and reliable sources, and the specific information is detailed at the end of the article
Preface
According to the information released by the National Space Weather Monitoring and Warning Center, from 23 o'clock in the evening of May 10, a major event occurred on the mainland, and it continues to this day!
According to the forecast, this geomagnetic storm may reach the highest level, and it is still possible that geomagnetic storms will continue to occur in the future.
So what exactly is a geomagnetic storm? What will be the impact on us? Does it need prevention?
Information source: Yangtze River Network - Just now, a super-geomagnetic storm happened! （2024.5.11）
What is a geomagnetic storm
We all know that the sun is a very active sphere, and although we often stop by the beauty of the sunset, in reality, there is intense activity on the sun every day.
And when solar activity erupts, it emits a huge foamy gas that looks like a violent explosion, and this foamy gas is the corona.
The corona is extremely energetic, and it also carries a huge magnetic force, and they are thrown by the sun at a speed of thousands of kilometers per second.
And every time the sun ejects, it can throw hundreds of millions of tons of such material into the universe and scatter it in all directions.
As a member of the solar system, our earth is often attacked by the "solar corona".
The earth we live on has a magnetic field, and the magnetic field is very stable on weekdays, which is why we can use a compass to determine the direction.
However, when these coronal materials "hit" the earth, the earth's magnetic field will change in size and direction due to these high-energy particles, which is called a geomagnetic storm.
Source: Yangtze River Daily - What is a geomagnetic storm that can bring aurora and interfere with satellites? Read the article (2024.3.25)
The occurrence of solar activity is closely related to something called sunspots, and we can find from some monitoring maps of the sun that there are black spots in some areas.
Actually, this is not a dark spot, but because some areas are cooler than the surrounding area, and it looks darker.
Around the sunspots, flares often appear, emitting high-energy radiation particles to the outside world.
Source: Shangguan News - What is a geomagnetic storm? Easier to see the Northern Lights? What are the health implications? 丨New Science Popularization(2024.3.25)
This activity of the sun often occurs periodically, in fact, this phenomenon has been discovered by human beings for a long time, and has been conducting observation and research, and finally found that every 11 years, the activity of the sun goes to a new cycle.
So, what impact will the occurrence of this solar activity and the resulting geomagnetic storms have on people?
Impact on the planet and people
The periodic activity of the sun does have a great impact on the earth, and geomagnetic storms are the most significant, which will have an impact on communication and navigation in our daily lives.
In addition, these substances will also contain X-rays and ultraviolet rays, etc., although these two substances have important applications in life and medicine, but if the intensity is too strong, it will also cause damage to the human body.
Changes in the magnetic field can also affect the climate patterns of the atmosphere, causing changes in atmospheric circulation, which, in magnification, have the potential to affect ecosystems, including the growth of plants and animals, as well as the migration of birds.
So in the face of the occurrence of this super geomagnetic storm, how should we respond?
Coping methods
First of all, whether it is the high-energy particles emitted by solar activity or the occurrence of geomagnetic storms, we cannot see them with the naked eye, so we should be aware of some precautions.
When a geomagnetic storm occurs, it is necessary to stay indoors as much as possible to avoid the electromagnetic phenomenon causing harm to the human body.
On the other hand, when a geomagnetic storm occurs, it will affect or destroy the precision parts in some electronic products, so try to minimize the use of electronic equipment to avoid unnecessary losses.
Since navigation may be interrupted or inaccurate during a geomagnetic storm, it is best to plan your route in advance or have a paper map on hand when you go out.
Source: Guangming Network - What is a geomagnetic storm? What impact will it have on the planet? How can we respond? Clarification (2024.3.25)
In fact, when solar activity is more active, it will also have a significant impact on one work, that is, aerospace engineering.
As mentioned above, geomagnetic storms can cause interference and damage to precision parts, and there are a large number of precision parts in spacecraft.
And these spacecraft will either fly at high altitudes or enter the universe, and the radiation and destruction will be stronger, and around May 5, the sun will erupt several super flares one after another, and on May 3, the mainland happened to launch Chang'e-6.
Beijing Daily client - Dayang continues to break out! X1.3, X1.2, X4.5 Flare Triple Burst (2024.5.6)
So was Chang'e-6 affected by solar activity? And how to deal with it?
How Chang'e-6 avoided the threat
After the successful launch of Chang'e-6, it will soon be able to break out of the atmosphere and enter the universe, and then it will be about 53 days of exploration in the universe.
During this period, Chang'e-6 has no atmosphere to protect and needs to face solar activity, so how can the exploration work be carried out smoothly?
First of all, the researchers will apply a special coating to the detector to protect and protect against radiation.
Source: Chinese Academy of Sciences-[Xinhua Daily Telegraph] Dress Chang'e-6 in Chinese clothes (2024.5.4)
In addition, the mainland has always monitored solar activity, and will make corresponding changes when faced with unbearable solar activity.
Moreover, on the day of the launch on May 3, a strong flare had already occurred, but the launch plan was still held as scheduled, which shows that Chang'e-6 can deal with it.
On May 10, Chang'e-6 once again reported that the Pakistani satellite Water Cube on board had been successfully released, and photos were taken near the apogee, achieving initial success.
Information source: Beijing Daily client - Chang'e-6 mission, the moon and sun photos taken by the Pakistani railway satellite are here! （2024.5.11）
Of course, in addition to the impact on daily life and aerospace engineering, geomagnetic storms can also cause aurora to appear at high latitudes, which is a very beautiful scene, and it can be regarded as a linkage between the earth and the sun.
文 | ZYG
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