He was one of the most famous poets of the late Tang Dynasty, focusing on the poetry of the Law, and his poems were mixed in praise and criticism, which can be described as a mixed reputation, and he was the late Tang poet Xu Hun. He was a hermit poet whose poetry had a great influence on the literary scene of the Song Dynasty, and some poets belonging to the Jianghu poetry school tried to imitate him, especially in terms of his poetic skills, which later poets regarded as a template to emulate. However, after the Song Dynasty, the literary circles praised Xu Hun and praised him. Quite divisive. Today, we will enjoy the ten poems of this poet Xu Hun, who has a mixed reputation in history, and experience the spiritual connotation behind his words.
Xu Hun did not write ancient poems in his lifetime, but specialized in legal poems, and achieved the greatest achievements with nostalgia and pastoral poetry. It is undeniable that the poets of the Song Dynasty were extremely appreciative of Xu Hun. The great poet Lu You called his poems masterpieces of the times. However, during the Ming Dynasty, the literati's evaluation of Xu Hun was polarized. Among them, Hu Yinglin, known as one of the "last five sons" of the middle and late Ming Dynasty, believes that Xu Hun, Du Mu, Wen Tingjun, and Li Shangyin were the "Zhengzheng" of the late Tang Dynasty. For example, Wang Shizhen, the leader of the Ming Dynasty's "Later Seven Sons", thought xu hun was his most hated poet, and Yang Shen, a great literary scholar known as "one of the three talents of the Ming Dynasty", thought that his poetry was extremely shallow.
According to records, Xu Hun's ancestors were relatively prominent, he was the sixth grandson of Xu Yuanshi, the prime minister during the Gaozong period, but the family fell in the middle of the road, and there was no one in the family. However, Xu Hun had great ambitions and made great achievements from an early age. By the time of Emperor Wenzong, Xu Hun was admitted to the Ranks, but in the late Tang Dynasty, which was shrouded in erosion, corruption, and darkness, the image and mentality of the scholar who was full of confidence and wild in the Sheng Tang Dynasty no longer existed in the hearts of the late Tang dynasty literati. There is no way to serve the country, depressed, all thoughts are gray, depression and depression have become the most common inner emotions of the late Tang Dynasty literati. Xu Hun's middle-aged official made his heart tired and his heart longed for seclusion, so in his later years he returned to seclusion and lived in seclusion, and considered himself a hermit. In the hearts of future generations, Xu Hun is also a man of happy forest springs, which is reflected in Lu You's poems.
The rhythmic poem is Xu Hun's greatest achievement, and the even pair of work cuts and stable refinement are the biggest characteristics of his poetry. He attaches great importance to the form of poetry, and focuses on the study of words in terms of creation, and many masterpieces are exquisite and beautiful, and the words are excellent. In addition, there are no pairs of personal names, utensils, orientations, literary affairs, etc., and there is nothing wrong with imaginary characters and overlapping words in the form of poetry. In terms of content expression, the appropriate use of various images not only broadens the scope of expression, but also increases the emotional complexity, and various poetry creation techniques and techniques can fully reflect the depth of Xu Hun's ability to control words. For the artistic value of Xu Hun's poetry, the Song Dynasty scholar Fan Xiwen once commented that it can reflect the artistic charm of poetry: use things without being burdened by things, write love without being involved by love, and after Li Du, learn Xu Hun.
There are more than 100 farewell poems in Xu Hun's surviving works, and his farewell poems have a fixed writing mode. The first is the meaning of naming and sending off at the beginning, the middle part is the meaning of the discussion theme, and the ending is lyrical. Second, the opening chapter depicts the landscape at the time of sending people, triggering parting feelings. The latter part is the situation of the person who is remembered or sent off. The writing mode of these two farewell poems is inherited from the early Tang Dynasty to the late Tang Dynasty, and in the context of the late Tang Dynasty, the sorrow of parting and the thought of the farewell show the affectionate side of the poet, and although the artistic conception is slightly sad, it can also reflect the feelings of the poets in the context of the times.
It is worth mentioning that the hermit is another identity of Xu Hun. Of course, his idea of seclusion did not exist from the beginning of his life, after all, he had great ambitions and ambitions in his youth. However, under the situation that the empire was about to fall, his heroic heart no longer existed, the sense of distress became more and more intense, and the tendency to hide was more and more obvious, at this time Xu Hun was in the mature stage of life, and the hidden thought was not caused by impulse. Therefore, he looked for a spiritual paradise that could make himself intoxicated, let his body and mind revel in the mountains and rivers, meditate on the Buddhist path, drink and play chess, and relax in his heart.
His hidden poems embody the traditional philosophical concepts of the mainland, and at the same time, they are attached to the mountains and rivers, creating an elegant and leisurely artistic taste. His landscape poems are not like Tao Yuanming's will to return to the countryside from body and mind, he pursues loneliness and loneliness in the situation of life, of course, this attitude towards life is also an important reason why later generations have belittled him. Because the country was in a contrarian trend, and he, as an official of the imperial court, chose to flee, living a life of pampering and pampering himself, but forgetting the people and the country, this attitude towards life was criticized by some descendants, so it is not too much to call Xu Hun a poet with mixed reputations.
Today, let's enjoy the ten masterpieces of Xu Hun, one of the most famous poets of the late Tang Dynasty, and experience the pinnacle of the late Tang Poetry together.