Text/Yangcheng Evening News all-media reporter Lin Qingqing
Correspondent Song Liping
Photo/Visual China
The colder the weather, the greater the risk of sudden heart attack. In the past two weeks, the reporter learned in different hospitals that young people suddenly had a heart attack and needed to be sent to the hospital for rescue. "In fact, whether it is the elderly or young people, when the weather suddenly becomes cold, they must pay attention to prevent myocardial infarction." Professor Zhang Minzhou, the leader of the intensive care medical specialty discipline of Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine and the medical director of the Chest Pain Center, especially reminded that the myocardial infarction is younger, and the prognosis of myocardial infarction in young people is worse, and the risk of sudden death is large, which urgently needs the public's attention and scientific prevention.
Why should I guard against heart attacks when the weather gets cold?
From November to March, this period is the peak period for the incidence of myocardial infarction. Why is it easy to cause heart attack when it is cold? Zhang Minzhou explained that myocardial infarction, that is, acute myocardial infarction, is generally myocardial necrosis caused by acute, persistent ischemia and hypoxia of the coronary arteries. Common symptoms are severe and persistent pain behind the sternum.
When the weather is cold, people's physiological response becomes sluggish, often in a state of stress, increasing the workload of the heart; coupled with the large indoor and outdoor temperature difference, when people in and out of different places, encounter sudden changes in temperature, blood vessels stimulated by cold air will suddenly contract, if the blood vessels themselves have hardening, poor elasticity, or blood vessels have narrowing and plaque people, it is easy to further aggravate vascular lesions, causing myocardial infarction.
Therefore, in general, the most prone to myocardial infarction accidents in a day is late at night or early in the morning, and the high-risk period that needs attention in the year is the change of seasons, especially the sudden cooling of late autumn, cold winter or frozen spring.
Young people are more susceptible to sudden death in a heart attack
"The youngest patient I've ever treated for acute myocardial infarction is only 22 years old! He also has high-risk factors such as smoking, staying up late for a long time, and overeating. Zhang Minzhou told reporters, "We have found in the clinic that elderly patients are more and more aware of and vigilant about the eight major risk factors of coronary heart disease such as 'hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, smoking, lack of exercise, mental tension and stress, heredity, and advanced age', while young people often despise their own health risks." Therefore, it is no wonder that myocardial infarction is gradually showing a trend of rejuvenation. ”
"It is worth noting that compared with the elderly, young people with myocardial infarction are more likely to die suddenly, and often have a worse prognosis, and the risk of recurrence of myocardial infarction after treatment is high and extremely dangerous." Zhang Minzhou especially reminded that young people have their own characteristics of sudden heart attack. "Young people's myocardial infarction is often acute, the aura symptoms are not obvious, many young and middle-aged patients who die suddenly due to myocardial infarction, before the onset of the disease, they feel 'healthy', often without any symptoms, even if there are symptoms are relatively mild, coronary angiography of these patients often shows only a single blood vessel lesion."
To prevent myocardial infarction, young people should pay more attention to these triggers
The weather is cold, in addition to paying attention to keeping warm, how should you prevent myocardial infarction? Zhang Minzhou pointed out that the most serious acute onset of cardiovascular disease is myocardial infarction, and there are often triggers at the time of the onset, such as high blood pressure, soaring blood sugar, mental stress or excessive fatigue. Therefore, on the one hand, for people with original cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, we must pay attention to standardized medication; on the other hand, we must actively protect the heart and cannot sit and wait for acute disease.
What risk factors should be paid special attention to in young people for myocardial infarction? Zhang Minzhou said that common risk factors for myocardial infarction in young people include obesity, smoking, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, etc., while strenuous exercise, overwork, mental stress, overeating, and severe insomnia are common triggers. For example, staying up late for example not only brings about lack of rest problems, but is more likely to induce myocardial infarction due to damage to the endometrium of the heart and the formation of atherosclerotic plaques.
In addition, the genetic predisposition of young patients with myocardial infarction is more obvious, often with the characteristics of familial onset, so young people with family history need to pay more attention. But lifestyle risk factors, Zhang Minzhou suggested, can be taken immediately. For example, the fat and thick diet plan that many people like, which can easily lead to hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and hyperglycemia, can be changed by adjusting the diet plan. Long hours of high-pressure work, lack of exercise, etc., can also be improved by adjusting the mode of life.
Tips: Identify myocardial infarction at home and pay attention to 8 major symptoms
Whether it is the elderly or young people, it is necessary to pay attention to the early identification of coronary heart disease. Zhang Minzhou reminded that if one of the following situations occurs at home, it is necessary to seek medical treatment in time to prevent the occurrence of serious cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events:
1. When tired or nervous, there is a poststernal or anterior cardiac area of the stuffy pain, or contraction-like pain, and radiates to the left shoulder and left upper arm, which can last for 3-5 minutes, and can be relieved by itself after rest;
2. During physical activity, chest tightness, palpitations, and shortness of breath occur, which can be relieved by itself when resting;
3. When the mood is tense such as full meals, cold, panic, etc., chest pain and palpitations occur;
4. When the pillow is low at night, you feel chest tightness and hold your breath, and you need to lie on a high pillow to feel comfortable;
5. When sleeping soundly or lying flat during the day, sudden chest pain, palpitations, difficulty breathing, need to sit up or stand immediately to alleviate;
6. When defecating forcefully, there is panic, chest tightness, tightness or dizziness and discomfort;
7. When hearing the loud noise or noise around you such as the sound of gongs and drums, you will have palpitation, chest tightness or dizziness;
8. Recurrent pulse irregularities, unexplained beats of the heart or too slowly, especially with dizziness, transient fainting attacks. (For more news, please pay attention to Yangcheng Pie pai.ycwb.com)
Source | Yangcheng Evening News Yangcheng Pie
Editor-in-charge | ZHANG Hua