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Museum 丨 Watch Exhibition (ID:atmuseum)
Recently, it has snowed in many parts of the country.
Take photos and record, send circles of friends, this is the process of modern people's snow appreciation.
Painting records and mounting and appreciation are the snow-viewing routines of the ancients.
It is better to walk into the ancient painting from the circle of friends, and watch a heavy snow falling for a thousand years in the sound of snow melting or falling snow.
Snowy fishing
Snow Fishing Chart Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Anon. Collection of the National Palace Museum in Taipei
The ancients were probably very keen on buying, selling, and fishing on snowy days.
There are many paintings about "snow" and "fish", including this "Snow Fishing Map".
According to scholar Zhuang Shenkao, this picture may be the poetic intention of Zheng Gu's "Even Question in the Snow". The original poem is: The tea smoke in the monk's house is wet, and the wine of the song house is weak. Late on the river came to the painting place, and the fisherman was dressed in a coat.
The snow fell so heavily that the flakes of flakes in the air were clearly visible, which was actually a small white dot formed by the painter sprinkling a white powder bomb on the painting.
At the same time, in order to express the snow, the painter also used lead powder to dye the noodles, the top of the hat, the riverbank and other places.
In the wind and snow, the old fisherman shrank his body, and his hands were all hidden in his sleeves, vividly explaining what is "frozen and trembling".
Although the old man had tried his best to hide himself in his sleeves, from his tightly wrinkled eyebrows and reddish nose, he could still see how difficult it was to fish in such a heavy snow.
Song Anon. Part of "Snow Bridge Buy Fish Map"
Collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art
At the edge of a snow-covered bridge, the servants wore umbrellas for the soldiers, and the soldiers talked to the people on the fishing boats, and Xu was picking the fattest fish and taking them back to cook fish soup to eat.
On the other side of the bridge, there are people carrying baskets, who look like liquor sellers.
In such a snowy weather, buy a few fish, and then a pot of wine, hot fish soup will be under the belly of good wine, which is the taste of life!
Corresponding to the picture of buying fish is the picture of selling fish painted by the painter Li Dong in the same period.
Li Dong, biography unknown. Xia Wenyan's "Illustrated Treasure Book" of the Yuan Dynasty did not highly evaluate it, and the sentence "can only entertain the eyes and ears of the common people" means that the painter's paintings are very grounded, which is different from the academic school that pursues elegance.
Ritsumun often painted Murata's drawings on The Imperial Street, which can only entertain the eyes and ears of the common people.
——Yuan Xia Wenyan, "Illustrated Treasure Book, Volume IV"
This fish selling diagram is very similar to the elements of the fish buying diagram, both depict old trees, mountains, rivers, fishing boats, fish buyers, fish sellers and bearers, and depict only a few characters, but they are very interesting in life.
Southern Song Dynasty Li Dong "Snow River Selling Fish Map" part
Collection of the Palace Museum
The old title of "Hanjiang Fishing Snow Map" Fan Kuan, after being studied by scholars, should be Li Dong's original handwriting.
This time, instead of buying fish and selling fish, I changed it to fishing.
Southern Song Dynasty Li Dong "Snow Fishing map of the Han River", collection of the National Palace Museum in Taipei
Next to the trees with a thick layer of snow, a man fished alone on the cold river.
The whole painting sets off a clear and lonely atmosphere, reminiscent of Liu Zongyuan's poem "Jiang Xue":
Thousands of mountain birds flew away, and thousands of people disappeared. Lonely boat, fishing alone in the snow of the Cold River.
Snow Day Friends
Qing Dong Zhen 《高宗御笔甲一後巳舞诗清图》
National Palace Museum, Taipei
Snowy days are really a good day to gather and meet friends.
Wouldn't it be beautiful for friends and relatives to get together for a cup of hot wine, a hot soup, and a snow shower together.
This painting paints such a scene, the whole snow is full of fun, the snow is dyed with white powder, thick but not greasy, showing the painter's skill.
Above the picture, there is a dense forest, bamboo, plum and pine are arranged in a staggered manner, the leaves and flowers are covered with snow, and the atmosphere of winter is immediately filled.
In the house in the middle of the picture, "crackling" is burning firewood, and the three people sit around and drink, their faces are comfortable and happy.
The three adults here sat down and drank, and the children over there had already spread their joy.
In the snow, there are firecrackers.
There are also well-behaved sweepers and carries things.
On the promenade, some people even started a band. Playing the flute and drums, with tacit understanding, is like a snowy day party atmosphere group responsible.
"Snow Hall Guest Talk Map" adopts the composition of the local scene, and the brushwork is vigorous and deep, bold and elegant.
The mountain uses a small axe to split and short lines of bald pens, showing the strange and green texture of the mountain stone.
The sky and the river are slightly inky, which contrasts the white color of the snow.
Southern Song Dynasty Xia Gui's "Snow Hall Guest Speech Map" Collection of the Palace Museum
There is a layer of snow on the trees in various postures, and the houses by the river are also covered with snow, which is even more cold.
The building opened its window and could see two people sitting opposite each other at the table, talking.
Tread on the snow in search of plums
Stepping on the snow to find plums has always been a winter-limited elegant event of ancient Wenqing.
Ming Wangchen "Treading snow in search of Meitu" Collection of the Palace Museum
Zhang Dai explained the word in "Night Sailing Ship": Meng Haoran has a wide range of feelings, and often rides a donkey in the snow to find plums, saying: "Wu Shisi is on the back of a donkey in the snow and wind of Baqiao. ”
This picture depicts the scene of the four masters and servants looking for plums in the snowy mountains.
The servant who walked in the front carefully explored the way for his master, half of his shoes hidden in the snow. He held a long stick in his left hand and a hem in his right hand, unwilling to let the snow stain his clothes.
The master rode a donkey, a special mount for snow treading, and tied the cloak of the gauze hat in front of his neck, and the servant next to him even shrunk his hands into the sleeves to cover his face to keep warm.
Such cold weather should also be elegant, which is the pursuit of true celebrities.
Ming Xie Shichen's "Emei Snow Map" collected by the Nanjing Museum
"Emei Snow Map" is painted on a three-meter-high giant mantle, depicting the scene of heavy snow on Mount Emei. The pen and ink are free and full of momentum, which is Xie Shichen's consistent style.
In the perilous stacks of the mountains, the donkeys were trained to move forward, stepping through the snow on the narrow roads, leaving deep and shallow footprints.
On the bridge at the foot of the mountain, the scribes who walked in the snow and looked for plums rode donkeys, looking leisurely and relaxed.
Landscape and snow
Tang Wangwei , "Snow Creek Map" Collection of the National Palace Museum in Taipei
This painting is not lost, but it is considered to be Wang Wei's only surviving landscape work.
The whole picture adopts the top-down painting method, and the perspective of the painted scene is precise, whether it is proportion or angle, even if the principle of focus perspective is used to examine it, which is relatively rare in ancient landscape paintings based on scattered perspective.
The use of ink color to express the stream and reflect the white snow on both sides of the river is a typical technique of landscape painting in the Tang Dynasty.
A wooden arch bridge in the lower left is covered with plain white snow.
There are two huts in the middle, in which two people sit each, talking and enjoying the snow.
In the middle of the stream, there are two boatmen standing on the top and one tail, holding a pen.
On the other side of the river in the distance, there are snow slopes, houses and bare trees, which are reflected in the white snow, making the picture more layered.
Bamboo meets snow, and only the word elegance can be described.
Zhang Xian has a poem: it is slighter than the sparse bamboo, and it is sometimes broken.
The sound of broken qiong refers to the sound of snow falling on bamboo. The word "broken qiong" has thus become one of the ancient people's elegant names for snow.
Southern Tang Xu Xi "Snow Bamboo Scroll", Shanghai Museum Collection
This "Snow Bamboo Map" is a good interpretation of Zhang Xian's poems.
In the picture, bamboo trees rise from the ground, and the painter uses thick brushes and thin brushes to combine to depict bamboo leaves and bamboo poles, and expresses the posture of different bamboo after snow through the thickness of ink color, making the whole both exquisite and layered.
What is even more rare is that the painter also reflects the dynamics of the picture through the tilt of the bamboo and the angle of the bamboo leaves, moving in silence, making people feel as if they are really in a bamboo forest, and the pleasant sound of crushing can be heard in the ears.
Fishing, meeting friends, plum hunting, snow watching, these activities form a unique picture of ancient snow days.
Seeing snow again after a thousand years, what do you like to do on snowy days?
Resources:
《Song Paintings》
"Illustrated Treasure Book"
Book of Southern Tang
"National Dynasty Painting Collection"
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