Xiaoming (pseudonym), who lives in Changsha, is only 22 years old this year, but he often feels chest pain, fatigue and breathing difficulties after exerting his strength, which can be slowly relieved after rest.
On the afternoon of January 3rd, Xiaoming was playing badminton with friends when he suddenly felt breathlessness, chest pain, blackened and foggy eyes, weak limbs, and dizziness. So accompanied by friends, he rushed to the Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Department of the Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province (Hunan Brain Hospital).
Associate Professor Xing Zuzhong, director of the Department of Cardiovascular Rehabilitation, received the consultation, and after learning about Xiaoming's situation, he immediately underwent vital sign measurement and physical examination of Xiaoming, and found that there was a murmur in the heart during auscultation. When asked about his family history, he learned that Xiaoming's father suffered from hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and considered that Xiaoming had the possibility of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy based on Xiaoming's age and clinical symptoms. So the echocardiogram was performed immediately, and sure enough, the results showed that the ventricular asymmetry was hypertrophic without ventricular lumen enlargement, and the diagnosis was confirmed as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Symptomatic supportive care such as oxygen inhalation and improvement of heart function is given.
Cardiovascular diseases are more common in the elderly, Xiaoming is only 22 years old this year, how can he suffer from cardiovascular diseases at a young age?
Associate Professor Xing Zuzhong introduced: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a genetic disease, which is one of the main causes of sudden death from sports in adolescents.
The anatomical features of this type of patient are mainly ventricular asymmetric hypertrophy, which can be divided into apical hypertrophy, right ventricular hypertrophy, and isolated papillary hypertrophy according to the site of hypertrophy. According to the degree of infarction, it can be divided into obstructive, non-infarct, and occult infarction.
What are the clinical manifestations of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
The most common symptoms are dyspnea and fatigue after manual labor, some patients will have chest pain, palpitations, syncope, etc., some patients have long-term asymptomatic, and some patients have the first symptoms as sudden death.
How should patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy be treated?
There is no special treatment for non-infarct hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, usually pay attention to lifestyle, exercise according to their own conditions, regularly review, observe changes in the condition, reduce complications and prevent sudden death. Infarct hypertrophic cardiomyopathy should be treated with regular medication, and surgery can be considered if necessary.
Finally, Associate Professor Xing Zuzhong reminded that if there are immediate family members with a history of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy or sudden death, they should pay attention to and be vigilant against hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. If you usually have symptoms such as dyspnea, chest pain, chest tightness, fatigue, syncope, etc. after exercise, you should go to the hospital as soon as possible for investigation.
Contributed by: Xing Zuzhong, Department of Cardiovascular Rehabilitation, Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province (Hunan Brain Hospital).
Editor: Liu Yuchen
Image: From the Internet, intrusion and deletion