The marriage life of Yuan Shu and Pei Shu and the gift of qin poems

According to the results of the chronology, the annual examination, and the year of the work, the editor pays more attention to the kodi, eunuch, and social travel in the life of the literati. The three articles in this issue have a different path, "Han Yu's Life Dilemma and Ideological Breakthrough", starting from Han Yu's family life and career ups and downs, revealing that he has been in a difficult situation in life for a long time, but he can bear the world in mind, advocate the "Taoist unification" theory, and complete the ideological breakthrough. "The "Mountain Residence" Life of the Literati of the Southern Dynasty focuses on the way of living, and analyzes the types of mountain life of the literati of the Southern Dynasty, their literary expressions and the spiritual interests and aesthetic ideals of the literati group embodied. "The Marriage Life of Yuan Shu and Pei Shu and the Gift of Qin Poems" makes a unique combing of the marriage life of Yuan Shu and the stepsister Pei Shuqin poems. The three articles have new ideas for exploring the lives of literati groups or individuals, and there is no lack of inspiration for relevant writers and special topic studies.

Author: Tian Enming (Professor, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural Reclamation University)

The artistic life of the literati is closely related to the family life, and feelings, stories, character images and even a smile will become literary material. Tang Dynasty poets deliberately wrote about family life, and Yuan Shu was a more typical one. Due to the wide circulation of "The Legend of Yingying" and the influence of a number of mourning poems by Yuan Shu in memory of Wei Cong, especially the classic "Three Songs of Sorrow and Sorrow", in Yuan Shu's marriage and love life, readers' memories often focus on "Cui Yingying" and Wei Cong. But in Yuan Shu's poems that remember Wei Cong, there are few memories of artistic life. In the fifth year of Yuan He (810), Yuan Shu was demoted to Jiangling Shi Cao to join the army, and the following year bought a concubine at Jiangling. An had two sons and a daughter, both of whom died prematurely. Nine years before Yuan He, An died in Gangneung. After Ahn returned to Yuan shu, he suffered a lot with him in Gangneung. Yuan Shu did not abandon it because of the low origin of the An clan, and he wrote down the bitter woman who accompanied him in the "Funeral of the An Clan Chronicle".

In March of the tenth year of Yuan He (815), Yuan Shu married Pei Shu. Pei Shu character Rouzhi, from the Pei clan of Hedong. Regarding the time of Yuan Shu's marriage to Pei Shu, there are many differences in academic circles, and it is more reasonable to say that Yuan shu and ten years are used. Pei Shu also initially suffered with Yuan Shu, who was suffering from malaria when he first arrived in Tongzhou, and Pei Shu followed him to heal the disease. Later Yuan Shu entered the capital, and the eunuchs were well-connected, but they were also more floating and bumpy. In the second half of his life, Yuan Shu had Pei Shu, who could play the piano and give poetry, to accompany him, and it was a rare blessing to share honor and disgrace. Yuan Shu and Pei Shu's relationship is also harmonious, but we pay less attention to this.

Pei Shu is good at playing the piano, often using the sound of the piano to express her mood. The worry of having no heirs ran through most of Yuan Shu's life after marriage. In the fifth year of Yuan He (809), Wei Cong died, which once caused Yuan Shu to worry about "Deng You's childless search for life". An's sons died prematurely, and Yuan Shu once again had no worries about heirlessness. After marrying Pei Shu, the couple's desire to have a son became more and more urgent. In the fourteenth year of Yuan He (819), Yuan Shu served as the governor of Yu Prefecture and detoured to Fuzhou to visit relatives with Pei Shu. During his time in Fuzhou, Yuan Shu composed "Two Songs of Huangcao Gorge Listening to the Soft Piano". One of the clouds: "Hu Di's night song is cold, and it is becoming increasingly difficult for me to listen to the hometown tone." It was expected to be hard to learn, and because of the knowledge of xiangxia, he was shot. "The poem praises the wife's high piano skills, and it is difficult to reflect the wife's high skills with her own listening. The second song of the cloud: "Don't crane feel cold and cold, and it is difficult to swallow the chicks away from the sound." Pity Jun accompanied me to Fuzhou Stay, and I was in the mood to play all night. "This poem is written in the hope of an heir." "Don't crane" refers to "Don't Crane Exercise", according to Cui Bao's "Ancient and Modern Notes": "Don't Crane Exercise", written by Shangling Muzi. If he marries a wife for five years without children, his father and brother will remarry him. When his wife heard it, he rose in the middle of the night, leaning on the house and screaming in sorrow. When the shepherd heard this, he was sad and sad, and the song said: "The wings will be at the end of the sky, the mountains and rivers will be long, and the clothes will not sleep and forget to eat." Later generations thought it was music. From this point of view, "Don't Crane Exercise" is a song dedicated to the worry of no heir. Pei Shu touched Yuan Shu because she had no children to play the piano, so this meaning was continuous, and she repeatedly chanted with the help of allusions.

Pei Shu played "Don't Crane Exercise" again, and Yuan Shu was already on the post of observation envoy in eastern Zhejiang. Yuan Shu "Listen to The Wife Play The Crane Exercise": "Don't cranes complain about the night strings, and wenjun wants to play this." Shang Qu knew that he had no children, so he paid Qinshu and Zhongxuan. This poem is caused by the worry of no heir caused by listening to his wife play the piano, and the first two sentences are resentful because of listening to the piano. The third sentence is from the "History of Zhongni Disciples Liechuan Youruo": "Shang Qu was old and childless, and his mother was a room. Confucius made it qi, and Mother Qu asked for it. Confucius said: 'No worries, Qu is forty years old, and then he has five husbands and sons.' 'Tired of it.' Sima Zhen's "History of Suoyin" quotes the "Confucius Family Language", Yun: "Shang Qu Chinese New Year's Eve eight childless, and his mother wanted to marry more." Confucius said, "When Qu passes through forty years, he shall have five husbands and sons." Sure enough. According to the fourth sentence of the "Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Wang Yue's Biography": "(Cai Yong) smelled the cantonese at the door and fell down to greet him." He was young and weak, with a short appearance, and was terrified. Yong Yue: "This prince Gongsun also has different talents, so I might as well also." My family books and articles, do as much as you want. There are two codexes, the former pointing to the worry of no heir, and the latter to the heirloom of learning from others. The gist is: Like Shang Qu, I have no sons in my fifties, and I can only entrust books and articles to others in order to inherit the style of my own articles. Yuan Shu compared himself to Shang Qu, worried that he would not have children after fifty years.

Read this poem when combining the related themes of Yuan Shu and Bai Juyi. The foothold of Yuan and Bai Gong's lamentation of the worries of no heir is how to make a statement about how to be immortal. Although the collection of essays compiled by the family is smug, it has no heirs. Yuan Shu wrote a poem to Bai Juyi: "The two families of Heaven condemned the two families without heirs, who do they want to associate the collection with?" ("The County Affairs Are Slightly Simplified Because of the Whole Old Poem and The Burning and Cutting of the Seal of the Complicated Committee only more than a hundred axes are even more than a hundred axes even into self-lamentation because of the sending lotte") Bai Juyi read and thought about how to dispel this worry. Therefore, there is a poem And Wei Zhi Listens to His Wife Play Farewell Crane Because He Explains Its Meaning Yi Rhyme Plus Four Sentences, shi yun: A smell without a child sighs, and two such things. Although there is no child, there is a wife and an old man. "This is to relieve the pain of childlessness by relying on each other as a husband and wife. Yuan Shu is still difficult to let go, and there is also "Reward Lotte Yu Si Can't Add to the Six Rhymes", Shi Yun: "Shang Qu is not old and hopes, don't pay the gold." During Yuan Shu's tenure in Zhejiang East, there was also "Feeling Death": "The head white husband and wife are childless, who makes Lan Meng feel weak." The three-crying woman lay on the bed, an inch of broken intestine buried in the soil. The stingrays are dark and the autumn leaves fall, and the swallow chicks go to the night nest sky. Knowing that this hatred is common to everyone, it should be different from the twilight heart. At that time, Yuan Shu was already famous at home and abroad, known as "Yuan Caizi", and the reputation of the poet made it even more worrying and talented. The following year, Pei Shu gave birth to a son, Dao Protector, and the worry of no heir was dissolved. Yuan Shu 's "Wife Full Moon Day Greeting": "October is hard work and january is sad, and we are in tears when we see each other in this dynasty." The wild flowers fell to the point of pity, and Yu Sheng broke the branches because of the flowers. From the verses, it can be seen that Yuan Shu is still considerate of his wife's diligent childbearing.

Pei Shu also works poems. Yuan Shu always talks with Pei Shu and is inseparable from his eunuch transfer. According to Yuan Shu's "Reward Lotte Southeast Poetry One Hundred Rhymes and Sequences": "The person who understands mo can speak the poet, only the wife Shu is on the side." Pei Shu experienced the transfer of eunuchs with Yuan Shu, and in the face of changes in regions and positions, there would naturally be fluctuations in feelings. In the third year of Changqing (823), Yuan Shu was appointed as an envoy to eastern Zhejiang. From Chang'an to eastern Zhejiang, Pei Shu "has an obstructive color." Yuan Shu "The First Removal of Zhejiang East Wife Has Obstruction Color Because of the Four Rhymes Xiaozhi": "When marrying, I returned to Badi in May, and today I am in Yue Prefecture. Xingqing is the first to line a thousand wives, and will bring six princes alongside. The emeralds of the sea tower are idle, and the mirror water mandarin ducks swim together. I have the Grace of the Lord who has not been repaid, and the King asks for anything more. Reading this poem carefully, comparing the past and present, Nakamoto Shu believes that not only has the situation improved, but the position is also much more important. Moreover, Yuezhou landscape and water are all over the world, and there are many pleasant places. In the fourth year of Yamato (830), Yuan Shu served as an envoy to the Wuchang Army and the Assassin of Ezhou. Just saw the turnaround, the Yuan Shu family is going to go from Chang'an to Ezhou, Pei Shu is naturally in a bad mood. According to Fan Shu's "Yunxi Youyi" volume downloaded: "(Yuan Shu) Fu Zihui will pay homage to Shangshu Youcheng, and before he reaches Beijing for more than a month, he leaves the town of Wuchang. When the middle door was built, waiting for the angel to send the festival, he overheard the weeping in the house, and the waiter said: 'Madame also.' He asked, 'When the dawn is coming, why mourn for a long time?' Pei Shi said: "When I arrived in my hometown, I went to my post again in the early spring, and my family affection did not see each other for half a year, so it was so." This poem is Yuan Shu's "Gifting Softness", poem Yun: "Poor winter to the countryside, the right year to leave The capital." Self-hatred is dusty and dusty, and often looks at flowers in the distance. Bi Dong is still illuminated, red pink Mo ZhiYi. Married to a floating son-in-law, the match is immediately home. Pei Shu also has "Reply to Weizhi": "Houmen first embraced the festival, and the royal garden Liu Sixin." Not sad, but not close relatives. Yellow warblers move ancient trees, and Zhu Lu moves from the dust. Thinking of a thousand mountains, the Cangjiang River is in the twilight of spring. "Husband and wife give each other an answer and write out each other's thoughts." Yuan Shu has been repeatedly weathered by eunuchs, and due to the changes in the region, he has a sense of vicissitudes, and his wife has to migrate with him when she marries herself. The transfer of the eunuch was not the direct cause of Pei Shu's mourning, but he had just returned to his parents' side, and he was about to travel away again before he could tell the story of his parents, waving goodbye in a hurry, and he was really unwilling.

Yuan Shu and Pei Shu have pianos and poems in their lives, and they are eager to dissolve the burden of life in their dialogue. From the poems of Yuan Shu and Pei Shu, we can see the common worry of no heir, and we can also see the helplessness of the continuous migration of the career path, which can better reflect the integration of family life and artistic life. Yuan Shu not only has the "upright" character of an official, but also a husband who can understand his wife at every turn. Both a confidant and a poet, Pei Shu accompanies Yuan Shu all the way to the eunuch transfer, and Yuan Shu accompanies Pei Shu to taste joy and sorrow, and the two can be called soul mates.

Guangming Daily (13th edition, October 18, 2021)

Related manuscripts

Han Yu's life dilemma and ideological breakthrough

https://news.gmw.cn/2021-10/18/content_35238733.htm

The "mountain dwelling" life of the literati of the Southern Dynasty

https://news.gmw.cn/2021-10/18/content_35238731.htm

Source: Guangming Network - Guangming Daily