On October 14, 1952, on the eve of the US election and the United Nations General Assembly, the White House and the Pentagon mobilized heavy troops to launch the so-called "Jinhua Offensive" in order to change their passive predicament on the Korean battlefield and the negotiating table, and the Shangganling Campaign, which attracted the world's attention with the development of the campaign, began.
Xiao Fu Mingyue noticed that the actual place where the Battle of Shangganling took place was not in Shangganling.
Just as there were no fish in the shreds of fish and meat, the Battle of Shangganling began with the 597.9 heights (known to the enemy as the 598 highlands) and 537.7 high (referred to as "two highlands" by the volunteers defending the front of WushengShan in Jinhua County, central Korea, and the two highlands were defended by 2 companies and 1 platoon of the 135th Regiment of the 45th Division of the 15th Army of the 3rd Corps of the Chinese Volunteer Army. There was a small village called "Shangganling" in the mountain depression behind the two highlands, and after more than twenty days, the battle developed to the scale of the campaign, and the battle was named "Shangganling Campaign" after this village.
Van Vleet, commander of the U.S. 8th Army, who commanded the attack, named the operation he had planned as "Showdown Operation," and he was confident that he would occupy two high grounds of 3.7 square kilometers: with the cooperation of powerful aircraft, artillery, and tanks, it was estimated that this plan would take 5 days and cause 200 casualties, and the U.S. and RoK troops would easily handle it without a big "obstacle."
The name of this battle plan is also very intriguing, at that time it was the passive period of the US side in the Korean armistice negotiations, as a hawkish "mountain warfare expert" who has always been "hesitant" and not "full of ambition", vanVleet intended to save the unfavorable war situation through this plan, and also saved face for himself that he had not been valued by the boss, and even dreamed of forcing the Chinese and North Korean sides to sign an armistice agreement in accordance with the CONDITIONS OF the United States after this war, and he himself also promoted by skill by showing "expert" skills. Based on his mentality of winning and winning, he meant that with this battle alone, he could "showdown": China and North Korea would be from the United States.
At 3:30 a.m. on the 14th, the US military concentrated 280 artillery pieces and more than 40 aircraft to indiscriminately bombard the two highlands at a rate of 6 shells per second, and most of the fortifications on the surface of the two highlands were destroyed.
After fighting with the enemy of 7 battalions, 2 companies of our defenders fought until dusk, losing half of their surface positions, and some of their troops turned to underground tunnels, waiting for an opportunity to counterattack.
After the Battle of Shangganling began, Peng Dehuai, who was far away in Beijing, sent special instructions:
Tenacious defense, take the initiative to attack, repeatedly scramble, and fight for every inch of land -- to hold the position is to defend the motherland, and to hold the position is to defend world peace!
Peng Dehuai
Qin Jiwei, commander of the 15th Army, is deploying to take the initiative! He was to use the 19-pipe "Katyusha" rocket artillery battalion assigned to the 15th Army by the Volunteer Command to suppress the enemy's arrogance and retake the lost positions.
The "Katyusha" rocket, as soon as you hear the name of this cannon, you know that this kind of gun was made by the Soviet Union, which was a new weapon at that time, and at the push of an electric button, 19 shells flowed out like a fire dragon, forming a large-scale killing and injury to the enemy. Haruka saw this kind of cannon in the movie "Shangganling", and because of his young age, he was still wondering what it was.
Although the "Katyusha" is very powerful, it has a disadvantage: the gun position is bright when firing, and the position is easily exposed. At that time, there was an incident in the friendly army that "Katyusha" was blown up by enemy aircraft.
Don't say that "Katyusha" was made by the Soviet Union, it is difficult to buy, even if you want to make it yourself, it is not easy to get to the battlefield, so Qin Jiwei regards "Katyusha" as a "baby knot".
In order to avoid being blown up by enemy aircraft due to the exposure of the gun position, the 15th Army studied a set of effective "Katyusha" Use Regulations:When it is determined to fight, first make preliminary preparations, and then, the artillery vehicles go straight to the position, stop and fight, and scatter when the battle is finished. Therefore, in the entire 40-day Battle of Shangganling, the "Katyusha" of the 15th Army was launched more than 10 times before and after, unscathed.
Qin Jiwei
War fights for comprehensive elements such as physical strength and intelligence.
During this period, a few readers did not think much of small battles and small schemes, commenting that it was "small fights and small troubles", And Shibuki Mingyue did not agree with this view, Andaki Mingyue believed that every battle, no matter how big or small, was a bloody sacrifice, and every plan, no matter how high or low, was the crystallization of wisdom. Take the use of "Katyusha", if it is not brainy and figuring out a way, but lazy brains and efforts to save trouble, it is likely that once or twice it will be destroyed by the enemy. And "weapons are an important factor in war", if "Katyusha" is destroyed, the volunteer soldiers do not know how many times the bloody sacrifice will be paid.
It was precisely because of the precautionary measures that on October 19, after Qin Jiwei commanded the "Katyusha" rocket artillery battalion to fire a salvo, 103 mountain, field, and howitzers immediately stopped and fired, and then he ordered the 4 companies that had already moved to the tunnel and standby position on the night of the 18th plus the original 2 companies of the tunnel to divide the troops into two roads, and at the same time counterattacked the enemy who occupied our two high ground, and fought fiercely until midnight, and all of them regained the surface positions.
According to the analysis of the battlefield at that time, shelling operations and aircraft bombardment (at that time, our army's air force aircraft were still very few, and there was no effective air force support) was beneficial to our army, because our army had underground tunnels as cover, and when the enemy carried out shelling, our army turned underground to avoid major casualties; and when our army carried out shelling, the enemy in the ground positions could only be cannon fodder, so our army's holding of the tunnels was the basis for victory in the Battle of Shangganling.
Of course, the enemy is not a fool, and will not be rigidly exposed to the ground waiting for the shells to fall, and the enemy is also grasping the construction of bunker fortifications in an attempt to hold the position. Therefore, on this day of battle, many warriors braved themselves, pulled grenades, rushed into the enemy group, and died with the enemy. Special combat hero Huang Jiguang was seriously wounded and blocked the enemy's machine gun eyes with his chest, opening the way for the commando to advance.
It is said that after the sacrifice, Huang Jiguang's wounds did not bleed all over his body, and there was no blood in front of the bunker, and his blood was all shed on the road.
Huang Jiguang
From the beginning of the battle on the 14th to the 20th, the enemy and us fought for 7 days and nights on the two highlands, and the enemy successively threw in 7 regiments and 17 battalions, with a total strength of more than 63,000 troops, 118 tanks, 350 cannons, and more than 3,000 aircraft, and took turns to bomb and attack our army's positions, cutting the top of the mountain by 2 meters. Qin Jiwei commanded the 15th Army to invest a total of 3 regiments and 21 companies, and our army annihilated more than 7,000 enemy troops at the cost of more than 3,200 casualties. Most of the companies of the 45th Division suffered more than half of the casualties, and some companies had only a few people left.
Xiao Fu mingyue did not dare to be sure of his own deduction, specially checked the "1 meter equals how many meters", the answer is 1 meter = 1 meter, that 2 meters is 2 meters, and checked the relevant information, it is also to show that the enemy did cut the mountain top by 2 meters in the Battle of Shangganling.
The shells cut the top of the hill, and the war was really terrible.
War is terrible, but if you have to decide the victory or defeat by war, then there is no choice, China has to accompany. As is said now, China does not cause trouble, but it is never afraid of things, no matter what form the enemy threatens, the Chinese people have stood up and become strong, China is not afraid of any enemy's threat, Chinese people have the ability, wisdom, and national courage to defeat the enemy, just as Chairman Mao said: Let those internal and external reactionaries tremble before us! Let them say we can't do it, that's not okay! The indomitable efforts of the Chinese people will surely achieve their goals steadily!
The victory in the Battle of Shangganling is enough to prove that the seemingly powerful United States can only be a "paper tiger", and opposing China can only mean that they have chosen the wrong opponent, and the final victory must belong to China.
In the Battle of Shangganling, the US authorities chose the wrong opponent.
Van Vleet thought that 200 people had been sacrificed, and the position that had been easily taken in 5 days did not expect that it had been 7 days, the US army and the ROK army had sacrificed 7,000 people, and the two highlands were still in the hands of the volunteers.
At this time, Van Vleet, who had formulated the "showdown battle" plan, was shaking with his hand holding the "card", and his legs were trembling, and he did not dare to throw the four "2s" in his hand, and did not dare to "showdown", because he now knew that he had met the card master, and he deduced that the volunteer army might be holding two "kings"!
Van Vliet, the "paper tiger", plays "2", and he is really "2", and he naturally formulates a "showdown battle" plan and thinks that he will definitely win?
It seems that the "paper tiger" can only be a "paper soldier".
Despite being a "paper tiger", the war it launched was quite brutal.
The second stage of the Battle of Shangganling was the most difficult and difficult stage of the tunnel struggle.
At that time, the enemy, who had occupied the surface positions of the two hills in Shangganling, used various poisonous means such as aircraft bombing, artillery bombardment, flame attack, poison gas, and water supply cut-off to destroy, blockade, and besiege our army's tunnels, thus plunging our troops who were holding on to the tunnels into an extremely difficult and arduous situation.
There is no food to eat, no water to drink, lack of ammunition, lack of medicine, and more seriously, some of the tunnels have been destroyed by the enemy, this dilemma, the movie "Shangganling" is interpreted as if it is on the spot, touching and tear-jerking - the 15th Army is facing a test of life and death.
Persistence is victory. The war fights to the end with wisdom and will!
The military command post was located not far from the line of fire, and it was constantly subjected to enemy air raids. Qin Jiwei hardly closed his eyes for seven consecutive days and seven nights, all supported by smoking two or three packs of cigarettes a day. Together with Deputy Commander Zhou Fatian and Chief of Staff Zhang Yunyu, he meticulously calculated the changes in the balance of forces between the enemy and ourselves, tried every means to strengthen the replenishment of troops and materials in the front tunnels, promptly organized and guided the close coordination of troops inside and outside the tunnels, and adopted various effective means to actively and actively attack the enemy.
Under the effective command of Qin Jiwei, the 15th Army formed an overall of close unity and heroic struggle inside and outside the tunnel, dragging the main force of the AMERICAN Army Van Vliet to the two high ground, making the enemy feel like a quagmire.
Van Vleet's good cards at the beginning of the game have now been played as bad cards.
At this time, the headquarters of the Volunteer Army and the 3rd Corps not only added nearly a hundred cannons and sufficient grain and ammunition to the Shangganling front, but also dispatched Li Desheng, deputy commander of the 12th Army, to lead 2 infantry divisions to the 15th Army, strengthening the strength of the general counterattack.
On October 30, under the direct command of Qin Jiwei, the general counterattack of the 15th Army and the 12th Army began. On November 25, after a bloody battle, our heroic volunteers finally regained and consolidated their positions and drove the enemy out of Shangganling, and the Battle of Shangganling ended with the victory of the Chinese People's Volunteer Army.
Lee Tak Sang
War sometimes really feels like a game of cards, and at this point, Van Fleet's so-called Showdown Battle plan still has a certain basis, no matter how aggressive your side is at first, and no matter how hard you play in the middle, the key is to look at the last card. Judging from the last hand of cards, the shangganling battle of this card game Van Fleit did not play well, and the final "showdown" time was also set by Qin Jiwei, when Van Vliet was still holding the card with both hands trembling, Qin Jiwei snatched it over: Just by virtue of your "2" IQ, don't play, I already know that you are "2", look at the two "kings" of the 15th Army and the 12th Army of the Volunteer Army, and blow up!
Van Vleet was stunned and had to "showdown" and concede defeat!
The great victory at Shangganling accelerated the process of defeat of the US aggressors in Korea, and the us representatives who had been arrogant for a while once again bowed their heads at the Panmunjom talk table.
On June 16, 1953, Chairman Mao Zedong cordially received Commander Qin Jiwei at his residence in Zhongnanhai.
When Chairman Mao handed Qin Jiwei a cigarette, Qin Jiwei felt that smoking in front of Chairman Mao did not seem solemn, but for a moment he did not know how to refuse, and even blurted out that he would not smoke, and Chairman Mao was no longer humble.
After listening to Qin Jiwei's report, Mao Zedong said with great pleasure:
"You're hitting an iron tiger, you're a steel tiger. The Yankees seem to be powerful, with more steel and more superiority in weapons and equipment; We defeated it with the wisdom of our command, with the bravery of our warriors, and with the power of justice. It's a paper tiger again. The victory at the Battle of Shangganling is the best proof. ”
After Qin Jiwei returned to the garrison, the guards found that he only drank tea and did not smoke, and he wondered in his heart: The military commander usually does not leave his hand, and the most tense seven days and seven nights of the Battle of Shangganling almost did not close his eyes, that is, he relied on smoking two or three packs of cigarettes a day to support him.
Qin Jiwei solemnly said to the guards: "I said in front of Chairman Mao that I can't smoke, how can I say that I can't believe it?" "Since then, people have never seen the old general smoking.
Some people say that Qin Jiwei quit smoking because he said in front of Chairman Mao that he "can't smoke," which is a rumor and anecdote of Qin Jiwei, but Xiao Chui Mingyue believes it to be true.
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