We often say: Know thyself and know the other, and never lose a battle. However, if you want to truly "know the other" on the battlefield, you need accurate intelligence as a support. It is no exaggeration to say that the accuracy of the enemy's situation will greatly affect the final outcome of a battle. In the Battle of White Horse Mountain, an important reason for the defeat of the 38th Army was the rebellion of Yanaka Jiao, which revealed the offensive plan of our army, and the enemy made targeted defensive arrangements accordingly, and the 38th Army finally lost the strong attack, with more than 6700 casualties.
Shortly after the end of the Battle of Baima Mountain, the Battle of Shangganling broke out, and the 15th Army, with the support of the 12th Army of the brother force, fought bloodily with the enemy for 43 days and nights, repelled more than 900 enemy charges, firmly held the position, and won a great victory in the Battle of Shangganling. In this arduous battle of blood and fire, our army killed and wounded more than 25,000 enemy troops, but it also paid the price of more than 10,000 casualties, and when the battle was at its most critical, Qin Jiwei sent his own guard company up.
In the Battle of Shangganling, the most bitter was the tunnel troops. Due to the limited number of vents, the lack of oxygen in the tunnel is so severe that sometimes even kerosene lamps cannot be lit. Due to the lack of oxygen, many soldiers suffered from headaches and insomnia. Even more serious was the lack of water, which was difficult for the logistics department to transport water into the tunnels due to the blockade of enemy artillery fire. At the most serious time, there was even a situation of "urine as glorious tea".
In the case that the water could not be transported, the logistics department of the 15th Army began to send turnips to the tunnel troops, but the radishes ate too much and burned the heart and thinned it. The soldiers offered to send apples, and the logistics department of the 15th Army urgently purchased more than 63,000 kilograms of apples, and stipulated that as long as they could be sent into the tunnel, they would be awarded second-class merit. But the enemy carried out a tight artillery blockade of our army's transportation line, and only one of the more than 60,000 pounds of apples was finally sent into the tunnel. Due to lack of water and oxygen, there were many non-combat attritions in the tunnel troops, and some of the fighters eventually lost the strength to walk.
The reason why the Battle of Shangganling was fought so hard, in addition to the strong firepower superiority of the US army, was also a factor that an important intelligence before the war was ignored. On the night of October 5, 1952, nine days before the battle of Shangganling, a combat staff officer named Lee Ji-koo of the South Korean Pseudo-2nd Division took advantage of the night to cross the position and surrender to the 15th Army. After Li Jiqiu surrendered, he provided an important information: the pseudo-2nd Division will cooperate with the US 7th Division to attack Shangganling in the near future!
The importance of this information is self-evident, and if the 15th Army could strengthen the defense of Shangganling and reserve sufficient combat materials, the Battle of Shangganling might not have been so difficult. Unfortunately, Li Jiqiu's intelligence did not attract enough attention from the 15th Army, and Qin Jiwei did not believe that Van Vliet would attack Shangganling. At that time, there were two defensive areas of the 15th Army, one was Shangganling and the other was the Pingkang Valley.
The open and flat terrain of the Binh Kang Valley is very conducive to the operation of mechanized units of the US army. The two highlands in Shangganling are more than 500 meters, which is not conducive to the US military to exert its mechanization advantage. Therefore, Qin Jiwei believed that if the enemy wanted to launch an attack on the 15th Army, it would inevitably choose the Pingkang Valley as a breakthrough point, so he focused the defense of the whole army on the Pingkang Valley. It was based on this judgment that Qin Jiwei did not believe the information provided by Li Jiqiu, nor did he strengthen the defensive force in the direction of Shangganling.
After the war, Qin Jiwei made a special review of this, and he said at the campaign summary meeting: "There are loopholes in our preparations, and we have not estimated that the enemy will use such a large number of troops to attack the direction of the Five Holy Mountains. We were prepared to deal with the attack of three or four divisions of the enemy in the direction of the western mountains, and the result was unexpected. Therefore, at first somewhat passive, the second echelon was hastily invested, the first day of artillery fire failed to support the battle, if we anticipate the direction of the enemy's attack, then the enemy can not climb up on the first day, the sustainability of the enemy's attack is underestimated, therefore, the illusion of command. ”
The War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea was a national war for our country, and this battle brought out military and national prestige, and made the whole world look at New China with astonishment. Written by the famous writer Li Feng
"Decisive Battle of Korea" comprehensively unveils many historical truths in front of and behind the stage of the Korean War with detailed historical materials, such as the game contest between the top leadership of the Sino-US Soviet Union and the DPRK, the truth about the Korean People's Army's southern expedition, the truth about China's dispatch of troops to Korea, the real comparison of the combat strength of China and the US army, the inside story of the Soviet Union's military assistance to China and the air force's participation in the war, the real situation of the prisoners of war of the volunteer army, the negotiation process of Panmunjom, and so on
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