Among the founding generals, there were many generals who were brave and strong in combat, among which three "knife generals" were more famous: Xu Shiyou, Qin Jiwei, and He Bingyan (People's Daily - Chinese Communist Party News Network,
Article on January 17, 2013 at 08:13,
Recorded) three generals.
General Qin Jiwei
Needless to say, Xu Shiyou and General He Bingyan were both famous founding generals, and General Qin Jiwei was awarded the title of founding lieutenant general in 1955, and during the war years he was nicknamed "Qin Dadao". After the founding of New China, he served as minister of national defense and vice chairman of the National People's Congress, and his personal achievements were no worse than those of the two founding generals.
13-year-old red teenager
Qin Jiwei was born in 1914 in Hong'an County, Huanggang, Hubei Province, a small village called Qin Luozhuang, the village people are surnamed Qin, because the villagers have rented the land of landlords with the surname of Luo for generations, so they are named Qin Luozhuang. Qin Jiwei is the oldest and youngest in the family, deeply loved by his parents, at the age of eight began to go to school for a period of time, but also at the age of eight, his parents and uncles, successively passed away, when he was ten years old, the only relative and brother died. Since then, Qin Jiwei has been alone in guarding the thatched hut left by his ancestors, relying on selling firewood to help workers for a living, and experiencing the hardships of the world.
In his childhood, Qin Jiwei cut firewood, herded cattle, dug wild vegetables, and helped all kinds of helpers, and the harsh living conditions cultivated his character of perseverance, bravery, and resistance. There was a family in the village who was rich and unscrupulous, and he often put a scarecrow or a stone on the door in front of the door in the middle of the night, and the family opened the door in the morning or was frightened, or was smashed on the head and bleeding, and was miserable.
Qin Jiwei was on the upper floor of Tiananmen Square
Qin Jiwei used to practice martial arts when he was young, and his uncle left him a rusty steel knife, Qin Jiwei went to the village every night to practice his sword under the tree, and his skillful sword skills and strong physique laid a good foundation for his later revolutionary career.
In 1927, Qin Jiwei, who had been full of resistance since childhood, carried a red gun with the villagers to participate in the jute uprising, joined the volunteer army, and began to walk towards the revolutionary road, at that time, Qin Jiwei was only 13 years old, and was called a red teenager by the villagers. Years later, when General Qin Jiwei recalled the years of burning passion, he said:
"Participating in the jute uprising this time has given me a lot of training. The outside world opened up at once. Revolution is no longer a street talk, nor is it an imagination. I not only saw it with my own eyes, but I also participated in it myself. After returning to Qiliping, my enthusiasm could no longer be cold. ”
The origin of the nickname "Qin Dadao"
After joining the revolution, due to his young age, it was not until 1929, at the age of 15, that Qin Jiwei became a regular soldier of the First Division of the Red Army, and because of his bravery and agility in battle, he soon grew into the commander of the second company of the pistol battalion of the headquarters of the Red Fourth Front.
Qin Jiwei in the Liberation War
After becoming a company commander, Qin Jiwei, who was as fiery as a fire, was still accustomed to charging at the front, and in a battle he was injured in the arm, although it was not a critical part, but it was very dangerous, because the bullet broke through the artery and blood burst out. Qin Jiwei later recalled that it was his own correspondent who saved himself:
"The injuries I suffered, although not the main part, were fatal and the arteries were broken. Thanks to my correspondent, who seemed to be very experienced, he tied my arm with a white cloth so completely unconscious that he could not untie it at the hospital, and his hand could not be inserted, so he had to cut it with scissors. If it weren't for this bundle, the arteries would bleed and they would be dead in a few minutes. ”
In 1931, the Red Army attacked the county seat of Huang'an (later Hong'an), and Qin Jiwei served as the pistol company of the headquarters, the main task was to protect the safety of the headquarters of the Red Fourth Front. Seeing that other comrades were charging into battle, but he could not personally go to the battlefield to kill the enemy, Qin Jiwei was very uncomfortable, and he repeatedly asked for battle without success. Qin Jiwei's stubborn temper came up and found the battalion commander again: "This post, Lao Tzu is no longer standing, I want to go to the front line to kill the enemy!" The battalion commander was already annoyed by him, and said casually: "It is okay not to stand guard, leave the gun and the team!" Obviously, he still did not agree with Qin Jiwei going to the front, because the battalion commander understood that guarding the headquarters and as the last reserve, the pistol battalion task was more important, and the battalion commander wanted Qin Jiwei to retreat in spite of the difficulties.
Unexpectedly, Qin Jiwei, who was honest and straight, took the battalion commander's angry words as an order, and really rushed to the battlefield without bringing troops and guns, and with his own large knife. As a result, Qin Jiwei, who was strong and skilled in sword skills, slashed and wounded several enemies with a large knife on the battlefield, and has since been known as "Qin Dadao". The first of this title is to say that Qin Jiwei's sword technique is good, and at the same time, it also praises Qin Jiwei for his bravery in battle and his firm revolutionary stance.
After Qin Jiwei returned, the battalion commander was distressed and regretful, but he also discovered This special combat method of Qin Jiwei, so that Qin Jiwei selected people with martial arts foundations and strong and flexible bodies in the army to form a "big knife team", and Qin Jiwei served as the captain of the big knife team. At the peak of the number, the large knife team led by Qin Jiwei had more than 300 people, which were scattered among various units in peacetime, and were only concentrated when training or performing special tasks.
In 1937, during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Qin Jiwei came to Taikoo County, Shanxi Province, alone, and in a month he pulled up more than 300 anti-Japanese armed forces. Qin Jiwei took these new fighters with no combat experience to attack the county town of Taikoo County, captured 17 steel guns, and established the "Taikoo Guerrilla Group", and took this unit with him as the commander-in-chief to fight in the Taihang Mountain area. In November of the same year, the Swire guerrillas and the anti-Japanese armed forces of Yuci Spinning Factory merged to form an independent detachment of the 129th Division, with Qin Jiwei as commander and Lai Jifa as political commissar, known as the "Qin Lai Detachment" to the outside world.
At this time, the Japanese had already reached Shanxi, and on November 8, they captured Taiyuan, and then the Japanese Kou frantically advanced, adopting the three-light policy of exterminating humanity.
There is no evil in burning and fornication.
In Qixian's Valve Man Village alone, more than 40 women were raped and 23 were killed; after capturing pingyao county, the Rikou frantically slaughtered the city, killing more than 1,000 people, and on November 8, rikou washed Taigu in blood, and the means were cruel and tragic.
By the spring of 1938,
The Qinlai detachment has grown to more than 5,000 people, and has established a base area covering 17 counties with a population of more than one million, and for a time it has threatened the Jinzhong region. Hearing about the rampant beastly behavior of the Japanese and the hypocrites, Qin Jiwei was furious, and he decided to teach the Japanese hypocrites and traitors a lesson. thereupon
At the same time, Qin Jiwei selected a group of elite soldiers, rebuilt the "big knife team", and personally served as the captain.
On the evening of April 2, 1938, under the arrangement of Qin Jiwei, ten counties acted at the same time, eliminating more than 100 traitors who committed the most heinous crimes overnight, and Qin Jiwei personally led the big knife team to participate in the unified action that night. The soldiers left the same slogan on every traitor who was killed: All those who give the Japanese army a message to lead the way will end up with this! The operation lasted for several days, attacking more than 70 Japanese and puppet strongholds and killing more than 260 traitors, which greatly deterred the arrogance of Japanese puppets and traitors
。 Qin Jiwei's "big knife team" was famous far and wide, making the necks of the traitors and the lonely devil puppet army chill, and they easily did not dare to act alone.
In the late period of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, General Qin Jiwei served as the commander of the Taiyue Military Region, one of the four major military regions under the jurisdiction of the Jinji-Hebei Luyu Base Area, and from August 1947 onwards, he served as the commander of the 9th Column of the Jinji-Hebei Luyu Field Army (the predecessor of Nakano and Erye), and in 1948 he was the commander of the 15th Army of the 4th Corps (which governed the three armies of the 13th Army, the 14th Army, and the 15th Army). Zhen shou nanjiang (served as deputy commander and commander of the Yunnan Military Region and later changed to Kunming Military Region).
Bloody battle on Ganling
In 1950, after the outbreak of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, Qin Jiwei asked him to fight in Korea three times, and was approved by the Central Military Commission.
In March 1951, the 15th Army was incorporated into the 3rd Corps of the Volunteer Army and entered the Korean War.
On October 14, 1952, the Battle of Shangganling began, and at the beginning of the battle, more than 6 shells fell on the position every second, more than 300,000 per day. The campaign lasted for 43 days, and the multinational force led by the US military invested more than 60,000 troops, dispatched more than 170 tanks and more than 3,000 fighters, an average of nearly 100 sorties per day, but failed to move forward. After the battle,
The hill top of the Shangganling position was cut off by the indiscriminate bombardment of 2 meters, and the crushed rock formed a powder of more than 30 centimeters thick and spread on the mountain. The fierceness of the Battle of Shangganling has left a strong mark in the history of world wars, and at the same time, the indomitable will and tenacious fighting spirit of the volunteer army have been left behind, and the heroic performance has shocked the world.
Qin Jiwei commanded the operation inside the tunnel
Guarding Shangganling was the Fifteenth Army led by Qin Jiwei, who had commanded in the tunnel for 7 days and nights without closing his eyes.
After the 15th Army captured positions 4 and 5 of The 597.9 Heights, the enemy immediately counterattacked furiously, and the enemy and we fought fiercely for several days, and the positions were lost and recovered more than forty times. It is precisely because of the in
The heroic performance of the Battle of Shangganling, the Fifteenth Army won the reputation of "Chitose Army",
Qin Jiwei also became a first-class meritorious person. Our familiar names, Huang Jiguang, Sun Zhanyuan, Qiu Shaoyun and other combat heroes, are from this unit. In his later years, General Qin Jiwei recalled the Battle of Shangganling:
"October 14, 1952, was another anxious day in my life. The enemy's sudden attack was unprecedented in scale, in its fierce firepower, and in its fierceness. In particular, it avoids me and I am virtual, and the tricks are somewhat surprising to us. But we didn't panic. ”
At that time, the People's Daily carried out continuous reports on the Battle of Shangganling, which caused strong repercussions in China.
Lied before the President
On the morning of June 16, 1953, Chairman Mao received Qin Jiwei at the Juxiang Bookstore in Zhongnanhai, and Chairman Mao said:
"Shangganling played very well, it was a miracle. To put it bluntly, it proves that the bones of the Chinese Volunteers are harder than the steel of the United States of America, and that is the miracle you have created. ”
At that time, Qin Jiwei was not yet forty years old, and he hurriedly and modestly said: "The main thing is that the chairman commanded properly and fought tenaciously with the soldiers!" ”
Chairman Mao smiled, picked up the cigarette on the coffee table and said humorously:
"You play well, I think I still have to express it." I don't have anything good here, so please smoke. ”
Qin Jiwei reached out and held the cigarette box, but did not take the cigarette, but pushed the cigarette box forward and asked the chairman to smoke: "Chairman, you smoke, I quit smoking, do not smoke!" ”
In fact, Qin Jiwei was still smoking at that time, and he had to smoke at least two packs of cigarettes a day, which should be said to have formed a smoking addiction, especially when commanding combat, smoking a cigarette can relieve fatigue and reduce mental pressure. However, he felt that it was not good to smoke in front of the chairman, so he lied that he did not smoke, and the chairman did not let him again. Later, Qin Jiwei recalled the scene at that time and said:
"I don't think it's appropriate to swallow clouds and spit fog in front of Chairman Mao. But to tell a lie is to suffer. At that time, I couldn't solve the problem without two packs of cigarettes a day, but I had already said that I would not smoke and would not dare to overturn the case. My heart was secretly crying bitterness! ”
Chairman Mao left Qin Jiwei to talk for more than an hour, praised Qin Jiwei, and when he was leaving, the chairman stood up and sent Qin Jiwei to the door. Holding Qin Jiwei's hand, he instructed:
"The Korean War is going to stop, so you're transferred to Yunnan to work." Yunnan is the southwest gate of the mainland, in an important strategic position, with long border defense lines and remnants of bandits operating abroad, and the struggle situation is complicated. You are young and strong, and after you arrive at your post, you must go down more, familiarize yourself with the terrain, understand your subordinates, build a good border defense, and guard the gate well. ”
This is a deep appreciation and trust, and subsequently,
Qin Jiwei was appointed deputy commander of the Yunnan Military Region, later renamed the Kunming Military Region, and Qin Jiwei successively served as deputy commander and commander.
Premier Zhou received Qin Jiwei
Interestingly, because he said in front of the chairman not to smoke and felt that he could not "deceive" the chairman, General Qin Jiwei really quit smoking since then, which shows the strength of General Qin Jiwei's perseverance and the depth of respect for the chairman!
Commander-in-chief of the parade
In 1984, the 35th anniversary of the founding of New China, Qin Jiwei was ordered to organize and command the famous 84 military parade.
The National Day military parade in 1984 was the largest, most up-to-date and most mechanized display of the people's armed forces since the tenth anniversary of the National Day in 1959. Big military parade
The achievements and spiritual outlook of the People's Liberation Army on display have aroused strong repercussions at home and abroad and occupy an important position in the history of the new Chinese military parade.
In 1988, Qin Jiwei was elected state councilor and minister of national defense, and was awarded the rank of general, the highest rank in peacetime. General Qin Jiwei has worked hard for national liberation and national independence all his life and has made outstanding contributions, which the people will always remember!