In ancient Chinese history, peasant uprisings have emerged in an endless stream. Like the Qin Dynasty and the Sui Dynasty, they all died as a result of the Peasant Revolt Movement II. It can be said that the most worrying thing for successive emperors is the outbreak of peasant revolts in china. But there is one dynasty, from the founding of the country to the demise, no peasant uprising can succeed, it is the Song Dynasty. Some people may ask: "Wasn't the Song Dynasty poor and weak?" Why hasn't a peasant uprising succeeded once?" Listen to shi jun to give everyone a slow talk.
Chen Sheng wu guang revolted
First of all, the Song Dynasty had no tyrants. One of the prerequisites for the outbreak of the peasant uprising was that the state was politically corrupt, the emperor was faint and brutal, and the criminal law was too harsh. For example, the rebellion of Chen Sheng and Wu Guang at the end of qin, and the eighteen anti-kings of the late Sui dynasty gathered in Siming Mountain, under the banner of punishing "tyrants". Although the Song Dynasty produced emperors such as Hui Qin Erzong and Zhao Shuo, in general, the emperors of this dynasty were not cruel. There were also several emperors who planned to solve the problem of peasant land annexation through reforms. The class contradictions did not intensify too much, and the peasant uprising naturally did not evolve into a national movement.
Zhao Kuangyin stills
Secondly, the handicraft industry and commerce of the Song Dynasty developed, and the peasants were not forced to the end of the road. The reason why many peasants risked killing their heads and revolted was because they were forced by the government to survive. For example, at the end of the Ming Dynasty, Li Zicheng, the Chongzhen Emperor abolished the post, causing him to lose his job, and later he had conflicts with people and was put into prison. In order to survive, he joined the peasant rebel army and created a rebellion against the Ming Dynasty. But the Song Dynasty produced the embryo of capitalism, and handicrafts and commerce developed unprecedentedly. If the farmer's income on the land cannot support his family, he can go to the city to work and supplement the family. There is no need to take risks to rebel.
Song Dynasty city map
Then, ethnic contradictions are greater than class contradictions. From the beginning of the founding of the Song Dynasty, it was in an environment surrounded by wolves. The Liao Kingdom, the Western Xia, and the Mongols took turns to fight the autumn wind. In this case, the Song rulers often emphasized solidarity against foreign invasions. As the saying goes, most of the Chinese people have a strong sense of home and country, and when the nation is in danger, they usually put aside their personal gains and losses and go together to resist foreign aggression. For example, in "Water Margin", Song Jiang's Liangshan army was transferred by the Song Dynasty to attack the Liao soldiers.
Liao bing
Finally, the Song government often recruited troops in disaster-stricken and socially unstable areas. Friends who have studied history know that one of the prominent problems of the Song Dynasty was "redundant soldiers". Although the number of registered soldiers is large, there are very few who really have combat effectiveness. Part of the reason for this is that the Song government incorporated these destabilizing factors into the army in order to prevent civil unrest in some areas. As long as you enter the army and have a Feng Lu, who will still participate in the peasant uprising?
Stills from Water Margin
In addition, the Song Dynasty had already perished before the time of the outbreak of the peasant uprising. Except for the dynasties that died in the Qin Dynasty and the Sui Dynasty, most of the dynasties that broke out peasant uprisings were basically more than 200 years after the founding of the country. For example, the Green Forest Chimei Uprising at the end of the Western Han Dynasty was 219 years after the founding of the Western Han Dynasty. The Huangchao Rebellion at the end of the Tang Dynasty was 257 years after the founding of the Tang Dynasty. The peasant revolt at the end of the Ming Dynasty was 257 years after the founding of the Ming Dynasty.
Peasant revolt
The Song Dynasty was only 167 years from the founding of the Country to the fall of the Northern Song Dynasty, and only 152 years from the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, and it was not yet the deadline for the outbreak of the Peasant Revolt. Thus, the Song Dynasty died outside, not inside.