In China's feudal society, the fundamental cause of the peasant uprising still lies in four words - the officials force the people to rebel. This is a reflection of the contradictions between the autocratic court and civil society, and it is also the struggle of the peasant class against the landlord class. The ancient laborers used their lives to promote the development of history, which is also their fate. Although most of them have failed, their contribution to promoting the development of history is indelible.
One: The Osawa Township Uprising
The Dazexiang Uprising was part of the Peasants' War at the end of the Qin Dynasty. The Dazexiang Uprising was the first large-scale peasant uprising in Chinese history. Chen Sheng and Wu Guang's revolutionary initiative inspired millions of working people to rise up against brutal rule. Chen Sheng's Wuguang uprising fundamentally shook the rule of the Qin Dynasty, created favorable conditions for Xiang Yu and Liu Bang to destroy Qin, and occupied an important position in the history of China's peasant wars.
Two: The Green Forest Red Brow Uprising
The Lulin Chimei Rebellion was a peasant uprising that occurred when Wang Mang usurped power in the late Western Han Dynasty, and later joined Liu Yan's rebel army and became the source of Guangwu Zhongxing. They killed the rich and the poor, opened warehouses to release grain, called the Green Forest Army, camped in the village, haunted the Green Forest Mountains, met the enemy in Yundu, broke the official army, attacked the Jingling Tomb, attacked An Lu, and threatened Jingchu, and the rebel army reached more than 50,000 people, overthrowing Wang Mang's "new" dynasty and laying the foundation for the peaceful situation of the Eastern Han Dynasty for two hundred years. The word "green forest" has also become synonymous with good people in later generations.
Three: The Yellow Turban Uprising
The Yellow Turban Rebellion was a peasant war in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, and it was also one of the largest religious forms of civil revolt in Chinese history, and in the seven years of the Han Ling Emperor Guanghe, the corruption of the imperial court, the constant struggle between eunuchs and foreign relatives, the continuous war on the frontier, the weakening of the country, the desperate poor peasants under the orders of Zhang Jiao, one after another, they wore yellow turbans, shouted the slogan of "the sky is dead, the yellow sky is standing, launched a fierce attack on the bureaucratic landlords, and had a huge impact on the rule of the Eastern Han court, in order to quell the rebellion, Although the final uprising ended in failure, the situation of warlord division and the survival of the Eastern Han Dynasty in name was also irreparable, which eventually led to the formation of the situation of the Three Kingdoms.
Fourth: Peasant revolt at the end of the Sui Dynasty
The peasant revolt at the end of the Sui Dynasty was a great peasant uprising in various places in the last years of the Sui Dynasty in order to overthrow the rule of the Sui Dynasty. It included three powerful rebel armies, the Wagang Army rebel army in Henan, the Dou Jiande rebel army in Hebei, and the Du Fuwei and Fugong rebels in Jianghuai. The fruits of the victory of the peasant uprising at the end of the Sui Dynasty, which had fought bravely for 14 years, were seized by Li Yuan's landlord clique. However, this peasant uprising overthrew the rule of the Sui Dynasty and struck a blow at the landlords of the Shi clan, which had a major impact on the politics and economy of the early Tang Dynasty.
Five: The Yellow Nest Uprising
The Huangchao Uprising was a follow-up to Wang Xianzhi's uprising. It was also the peasant uprising that lasted the longest, spread the most, and had the most far-reaching impact in the late Tang Dynasty. The Yellow Nest Rebellion turned to nearly half of the Tang Dynasty, causing a great decline in the national strength of the late Tang Dynasty and shaking the rule of the Tang Dynasty. However, due to the long-term mobile operations, the lack of a stable rear, the lack of economic support and the mass base, it was difficult to last, so that the rebel army finally failed.
Six: Fang La's uprising
The Fang La Rebellion broke out in the last years of the Northern Song Dynasty. Emperor Huizong of Song went to the southeast to scavenging folk flowers and caryophyllum and rare treasures because of his love for flowers and caryophyllum, causing a heavy burden on the peasants and accumulating resentment among the people. Fang La's unveiling rose, and in just a few days, the number of rebels increased sharply to tens of thousands. Soon dozens of prefectures and counties were attacked one after another, and the number of troops grew to nearly one million, threatening the southeast. This war brought heavy losses to the population of the two Zhejiang Roads, the economic lifeline of the Song Dynasty was cut off, the rich Jiangsu and Zhejiang areas were full of holes, and the great Song treasury, which was already dragged down by redundant troops, made it worse, laying the groundwork for the Jingkang Rebellion five years later.
Seven: The Red Turban Army Revolt at the end of the Yuan Dynasty
It was an anti-feudal struggle of the peasant class that broke out in the late Yuan Dynasty, and the scale and duration of this peasant war were unprecedented in scale, duration, and the comprehensiveness of the uprising class. The Red Turban Rebellion was a great peasant uprising at the end of the Yuan Dynasty led by Han Shantong, Liu Futong, Xu Shouhui and others. The peasant rebel army, with the Red Turban Army as the main force, dealt a heavy blow to the Yuan Dynasty's rule throughout the country, creating conditions for Zhu Yuanzhang to finally overthrow the Yuan Dynasty.
Eight: Peasant revolt at the end of the Ming Dynasty
At the end of the Ming Dynasty, natural and man-made disasters occurred continuously, and class contradictions became increasingly acute. The peasant revolt at the end of the Ming Dynasty first broke out at the beginning of the Wang Er Uprising in Shaanxi, the rebel army, the Li Zicheng rebel army, and the Zhang Xianzhong rebel army from small to large, from dispersion to concentration, from guerrilla mobile operations to mobile movement operations, fighting with the Ming army for 17 years, and finally overthrowing the Ming Dynasty. After the Qing army entered the customs, the peasant army adopted the decision of jointly fighting against the Qing. But due to the limitations and strategic mistakes of the peasant class, coupled with the frenzied suppression of the Qing army and the landlord class, the peasant uprising ultimately failed.
Nine: The Jintian Uprising
The Jintian Rebellion is also known as the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement. After the Opium War, China began to degenerate into a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society, the vast number of peasants were hungry and cold, one after another rose up, the peasant uprising war against the feudal rule of the Qing Dynasty and foreign capitalist aggression initiated by Hong Xiuquan, the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Revolution was the largest peasant revolution in China's history, from 1851 onwards, it persisted for a total of 14 years, and its power expanded to 17 provinces, effectively cracking down on the feudal rule of the Qing Dynasty and foreign aggression, promoting the collapse of feudal society, and stopping the process of China's colonization. It left an extremely important page in China's history, which ended in failure.
Conclusion: Looking at the history of struggle in China for more than two thousand years, every change of dynasty is the result of the peasants being unable to bear the exploitation and oppression, and the officials force the people to rebel, and the people have to rebel. In China's history, the peasants have always been the backbone of the revolution and the driving force behind the continuous progress of Chinese society.