China has taken into account the criteria of regional containment in the division of provincial borders, most typically, the inclusion of Hanzhong in Shaanxi Province instead of Sichuan, and thus "there has never been any case of the local government in Sichuan actively provoking a rebellion, let alone a separatist regime that has been dividing Sichuan for decades." ”
Judging from the historical facts, the actual effect of Hanzhong's assignment to Shaanxi Province is very worthy of repeated scrutiny.
Sichuan's alluvial plains, easy to defend and difficult to attack, have been an idealized way of domination since ancient times. For example, The Chengjia in the late Western Han Dynasty, the Shu State in the Three Kingdoms period, the Chenghan in the Han Dynasty, the Former Shu and Later Shu in the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms stage, the Great Xia of the Yuan Dynasty, and the Great West of Zhang Xianzhong at the end of the Ming Dynasty.
Moreover, in the period of the Republic of China, despite the nominal unification, Sichuan was still the world of the Tu Emperor. During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, because the Camp in sichuan obstructed the personnel adjustment of the central authorities, Chiang Kai-shek was forced to personally serve as the current chairman of the Sichuan Provincial CPC Committee, and the head of state of a country served as the number one of subordinate organs and institutions. But there are two points:
First, the Sichuan partition regime has a short lifespan, the most of which is the Shu state in the Three Kingdoms period, which lasted for more than 40 years. But in fact, at that time, the world was divided into three points, and it was in a time of confusion.
Second, the Sichuan separatist regime is all partial, there is no impulse to expand, and most of them simply become earth emperors. The Three Kingdoms of Shu were even more exceptional, because the Northern Expedition and the unification of China were the founding purposes of the Shu State and were related to "reasonable and legitimate", so they were dismissive.
Moreover, the transfer of Hanzhong to Shaanxi Province, the original intention has not changed, it is not the political wisdom of China's ancestors at all, and the monarch, who is very unconfident in the strategy of the minority regime, is not worthy of praise at all.
This article, with the intention of escaping an important historical fact, was assigned to Shaanxi Province by Hanzhong and arose in the Yuan Dynasty.
The Yuan Dynasty was a minority regime. Naturally, chinese culture is one today, and the Yuan Dynasty is also China.
However, the situation at that time was that the minority nationalities entered the Central Plains and ruled a region with a high level of civilized behavior and a large number of people and a large scale of operation, which was very lacking in self-confidence, so there was distrust in the hearts of the Han people, and they were always on guard and vigorously engaged in a hierarchical system.
The key hand is to make the division of administrative regions "intertwined" in Han China. Not only was Hanzhong assigned to Shaanxi Province, but in the Yuan Dynasty, Huguanghang Province crossed the Five Ridges and ruled Over Guangxi Province and Hainan Province, and Jiangxi Province crossed the Five Ridges and had Guangdong Province, so that the Five Ridges would lose their dangerous offensive and defensive effects.
Jiangbei District of Henan Province and the north and south of the Yellow River are one; Zhongshu Province spans both sides of the Taihang Mountains and Wuping, and has three different topographic landform areas of Shanxi Province, the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain and the Shandong Hills; Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces have been widened from the plain area of Jiangnan To the hillside of Fujian Province.
During the Yuan Dynasty, key geographical units such as Qinling Mountain, Yellow River, Nanling Village, and Taihang Mountain were all split up and made a mess.
As a result, in the Han area, the region lost its detailed way of victory, and the government's manipulation of the region was promoted, in fact, the purpose was to avoid the rebellion of the Han people from the region.
Fu Jiaojin, a famous geographer during the Republic of China period, pointed out that in the Yuan Dynasty, "the purpose of dividing provinces is to rule and control." Therefore, in the vertical aspect, the chain of command should be strict and not afraid of the complexity of the class; the horizontal aspect, the regional division, the emphasis and rate system, not tired of fragmentation, it is difficult to find its conformity with geography. ”
Simply put, the transfer of Hanzhong to Shaanxi did not fully realize so many benefits as the author claimed, but the original starting point of the decision-makers was very obscene.
Off-topic: There are roughly two criteria for the demarcation of administrative department boundaries, one is the shape of mountains and rivers, that is, according to the natural topographic landform divisions such as high mountains and cloud peaks, and the other is the staggering of canine teeth, as in the Case of the Yuan Dynasty, human factors divide a detailed natural geographical unit into several administrative districts.
This kind of staggered regional planning has been criticized. It is not to mention that during the period of turmoil, there was always a division of territory in China, and at the latest in the Republic of China period, there were still various and many warlord divisions. Therefore, the results of this current policy are very worthy of repeated scrutiny.
But there is not enough success, and there is more than enough failure. The shortcomings of the staggered teeth of the canine are indeed real and harmful in the long run. The provincial divisions of the Yuan Dynasty established the division layout of Chinese descendants on the basis of the division.
Tan Qijun, the main founder of Geography in China at that time, once said: The administrative division of feudal society only considered how the feudal rule at that time benefited, without considering the infrastructure construction and social and economic development at that time, and did not consider it at all, so the division was very unscientific. The most obvious is Shaanxi.
China can maintain unity for a long time and continue traditional culture, which is fundamentally derived from the ancient Chinese civilization.
Mencius said: The people of the domain do not depend on the boundaries of the frontier, and the country is not because of the danger of mountains and streams.
It can be said that the real Chinese intelligence is despised, and Hanzhong assigned to Shaanxi Province, this kind of strategic trick.
Mountains and rivers are intertwined, canine teeth are staggered, and 2 regional planning standards are applied, and a distinctive feature is that before the Tang Dynasty, the mountains and rivers were dominated. For example, the Tang Dynasty divided the whole country into 10-15 provinces according to the natural barriers of the natural geography of key mountains and rivers such as the Xiang River, the Great River, the Qinling Mountains, and the Jiange Pavilion, and tried to ensure that the same regional culture belonged to the same road.
After the Tang Dynasty, the interlacing of canine teeth gradually became effective, the Yuan Dynasty has become magical, and the two dynasties of the Ming Dynasty have further been fully utilized.
It can be roughly said that the Han and Tang Dynasties are the 2 peaks of China's history, and the overall trend of this period is upward, broad and emerging, so it can give the region a certain degree of management power.
However, after arriving, the rulers became more and more extreme, lacked self-confidence, guarded the region everywhere, and only focused on sitting on the rivers and mountains of the surname, far exceeding the regional socio-economic development trend, so they had a small way to prevent the region.