The high-ranking Kuomintang officials who arrived in Taiwan were faced with Chiang Kai-shek's autumn reckoning, and even the first person under Chiang Kai-shek was not spared.
Hu Zongnan became a native of the Whampoa Military Academy and a native of Zhejiang
The first man under Chiang Kai-shek
He was the first to become a division commander, a military commander, a corps commander, a group army commander-in-chief, and a theater commander-in-chief, and it can be said that he was deeply valued by Chiang Kai-shek. He entered the core of Chiang Kai-shek by virtue of his anti-communism, but he was repeatedly defeated by the Communist Party's subordinates, and finally fled to Taiwan to be held accountable by Chiang Kai-shek.
The weight of Liao Zhongkai and Chiang Kai-shek
Hu Zongnan is a small fellow of Chiang Kai-shek, diligent and studious since childhood, after graduating from middle school, he became a teaching gentleman, and after 4 years of unsuccessful campaign for principal and dissatisfaction with his father's arrangement of his marriage, he went out to a classmate to live. It was here that he met his own life
The first turning point
。
Hu Zongnan, who lived in a classmate's home, met the first enrollment of the Whampoa Military Academy, and Hu Zongnan, who had nothing to do, had the idea of throwing a pen from Rong. In February 1924, Hu Zongnan applied for the Whampoa Military Academy but was eliminated in the physical examination. Hu Zongnan was less than one meter six tall, and the military academy believed that he lacked the physique to be a revolutionary soldier. Hu Zongnan, who was sad outside the door, met Liao Zhongkai, and seeing that he was eager to join the army, he wrote a note: The National Revolution urgently needs a large number of talents. As long as the grades are good, in good health, and shorter, you should not be not admitted. With this note, Hu Zongnan was successfully admitted to the military academy.
In 1925, Hu Zongnan participated in the Battle of Mianhu Lake, was promoted to deputy battalion commander for meritorious service, and in October, he led his army to seize the commanding heights and smashed the enemy's plot to encircle and annihilate the Eastern Crusade Army, and was once again promoted to Chiang Kai-shek's eyes. With that
Organizing the anti-communist stance of the "Sun Wen Doctrine Society" won Chiang Kai-shek's favor
, more important to him.
In July 1926, during the Northern Expedition, Hu Zongnan relied on the battle of "Nanchang Suburban Station" to defeat an elite division of Sun Chuanfang with the strength of a regiment, forcing Nanchang to open the door and surrender, and then as a pioneer, pursuing the enemy and capturing 20,000 enemy people again, in May 1927, Hu Zongnan became the deputy division commander with these military feats, becoming the first Huangpu student to step into the rank of major general.
In the Second Northern Expedition, Hu Zongnan used a shovel and pickaxe to cut off the rails when attacking Bengbu on the Jinpu Line, causing the enemy's ironclad vehicles to be paralyzed, and then guaranteed that the First Division occupied Bengbu, and Hu Zongnan was promoted to commander of the Twenty-second Division of the First Army.
In 1928, Hu Zongnan became a key cadre trained by Chiang Kai-shek, and the unit to which he belonged was received and lectured by Chiang Kai-shek, and Song Meiling also came out to shake hands with the officers one by one, which was an honor
It became the only case in the Kuomintang military circles
In May 1930, during the Battle of the Central Plains, Hu Zongnan, who was the commander of the Provisional First Division, then attacked Feng Yuxiang's main force along the Longhai Line, hitting the prestige of the First Division, so that Sun Liangcheng, who was fierce and good at war, did not dare to make direct contact with it.
After the end of the Central Plains War in November, Hu Zongnan was promoted to lieutenant general of the First Division, and in the First Division, he was purged, and the First Division was changed from the Baoding Military Academy to the Huangpu Department, and Hu Zongnan gradually formed the "Shaozhuang Faction" of the Huangpu Department based on the First Division.
Actively anti-communist and passive anti-Japanese
In 1931, Hu Zongnan firmly implemented Chiang Kai-shek's policy of "outside the country must first be inside the country", and desperately encircled and suppressed the Red Army, but Hu Zongnan was repeatedly defeated in battle, when the Red Army reached northern Sichuan, Hu Zongnan led his troops to pursue and try to block the Songpan area, and as a result, he was played by the Red Army under the leadership of Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai, Hu Zongnan was dizzy, beaten everywhere, not only more than half of the casualties of the troops, but even he himself was almost captured alive, and could only hide in a shady small temple, so he suffered from abdominal pain. When Chiang Kai-shek learned of this, he sent a doctor to visit him, and specially approved him to return to Nanjing for a month of sick leave for treatment, and he was indeed the most desperate person, so Hu Zongnan won Chiang Kai-shek's trust.
In November 1935, Hu Zongnan was elected as a member of the Kuomintang Central Supervision Committee, and in April of the following year, he was appointed commander of the First Army and commander of the First Division. These positions are still a few years away for other Whampoa students. After that, Hu Zongnan worked harder, but unfortunately he always lost again and again.
When the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression broke out in 1937, he was promoted to commander of the Seventeenth Army during the Battle of Songhu, and in December he retreated to Guanzhong, recruited troops from Hu Zongnan on the plateau, nominally defending the Yellow River and preventing Hedong and Shanxi from being Japanese, but in fact it was Tunbing northwestern to implement Chiang Kai-shek's policy of "passive resistance to Japan and active anti-communism".
Troops on special missions, extremely spoiled
Everyone knows that Chiang Kai-shek has always thought of opposing communism, and even during the War of Resistance Against Japan, he did not give up any opportunity, and Hu Zongnan's troops were left to do this, and at that time, Chongqing insiders said: "Hu Zongnan's army is prepared after the War of Resistance, so it will never be used for combat, and it will be able to train the new army with all its might." ”
Therefore, Hu Zongnan's troops basically did not participate in the large-scale battles during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, but only participated in several battles as a drum, such as airlift reinforcements to Guilin and Chongqing in September 1944, and the Battle of Xixiakou in Western Henan in April 1945.
Therefore, although Hu Zongnan's troops did not have many achievements, he was much favored by Chiang Kai-shek, and he was more peaceful and prosperous, and in 1942 he was promoted to deputy commander of the Eighth Theater of Operations, after which Hu Zongnan's sphere of influence gradually penetrated into Xinjiang, Ningxia, and Qinghai. At that time, he commanded a total of 450,000 troops, in addition to military schools and training courses also had about 50,000 people, becoming the famous "King of the Northwest".
Even if he is called the "King of the Northwest", this is also chiang kai-shek's northwest king, Chiang Kai-shek has great trust in him, his appointment request, Chiang Kai-shek will agree, Hu Zongnan is even more in order to build the army into an army that is "loyal to Chiang Kai-shek and obeys his own orders", hu Zongnan's policy is "Huang, Zhejiang, Lu, one" four words, that is: Whampoa Military Academy or army graduates, Zhejiang people, the old cadres of the First Division, do not want anywhere else. In order to support Hu Zongnan, Chiang Kai-shek also allowed him to set up training courses in the northwest, and his supplies were far superior to others, the weapons were up-to-date, and the economic subsidies were the highest.
Chen Cheng and Hu Zongnan were both Chiang Kai-shek's confidants, and Chen Cheng was even more Chiang Kai-shek's son-in-law and an auxiliary chancellor chosen in Taiwan.
In 1944, Chiang Kai-shek reorganized the theater, Chen Cheng served as the commander of the first theater, Hu Zongnan as the deputy commander, Hu Zongnan was very dissatisfied with this, in order to prevent Chen Cheng from taking power, he formally held a secret meeting, explained that all orders needed his consent, and even more before Chen Cheng arrived, he took a leave of absence, and even joined forces with the Huangpu department to find ways to shake his position.
In order to appease the anger of the Huangpu clan, Chiang Kai-shek also removed Chen Cheng from two national posts, which caused Chen Cheng's position to suffer a big blow.
In 1945, due to Hu Zongnan's active anti-communism in the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, he was promoted to the rank of general on October 3, becoming the earliest Whampoa student.
In 1946, Hu Zongnan dispatched the main force in an attempt to eliminate the people's armed forces in one fell swoop with the strategy of "high mobility and rapid encirclement and annihilation". However, after two months of arduous fighting, the Central Plains troops successfully completed the strategic transfer, and Hu Zongnan could only lament his defeat. But how could the proud Hu Zongnan recognize his defeat, thinking that his troops were ace troops, and in September, Hu Zongnan led his army to fight and ran into his own Huangpu Military Academy's classmate Chen Geng and was beaten by Chen Geng on the ground.
In 1947, Hu Zongnan tried to take Yan'an on three days, but he did not know that the CPC Central Committee had shifted, waiting for him was indeed an empty city, Hu Zongnan wrote a special letter for this, Chiang Kai-shek praised it even more, and as a result, everyone knew that Hu Zongnan, who could not find the People's Liberation Army in the northwest, finally lost again and again, and in the last two years Hu Zongnan did not dare to fight against the PLA, and hid when he touched it.
In 1949, Hu Zongnan ignored Chiang Kai-shek's teachings of "surviving in death" and fled Xi'an, where he had been entrenched for more than 10 years, and hid in the Qinling Mountains. It was later evacuated to Chengdu, and then in Xichang until 1950.
In March 1950, when the People's Liberation Army besieged Xichang in two ways, Hu Zongnan, knowing that he was invincible, fled to Taiwan with more than a dozen of his henchmen.
The first confidant became the target of everyone
Just as the so-called extremes of things must be reversed, how beautiful Hu Zongnan is on the mainland, how depressed he is when he arrives in Taiwan. Hu Zongnan, who arrived in Taiwan, was dismissed from all practical posts, and after a few days of his leisure time, he was impeached, and the momentum was still very strong, and newspapers in Taiwan and Hong Kong were full of articles impeaching him.
Many people in the Taiwan authorities refused to spare Hu Zongnan, believing that he had lost the northwest and the southwest, and they wanted to hold him accountable. Immediately after that, led by Li Mengbiao, the "Control Yuan" of the Taipei government, jointly proposed impeachment by 46 members.
It happened that at this time Chiang Kai-shek was pursuing responsibility, and when he heard his impeachment document, he immediately went to private activities and found Li Mengbiao to request the revocation of the proposal, but Li Mengbiao did not buy it, and even posted "Distinguished guests come, if there are lobbyists for Hu Zongnan, please keep your mouth shut, so as not to exonerate people."
This road did not work, and everyone began to confront them with the people's righteousness, writing to Chiang Kai-shek and Chen Cheng to list their difficulties and achievements. Although the two competed for favors on the mainland, Chen Cheng did not fall into the well, after consulting with Chiang Kai-shek
In the end, big things become small, small things become small,
Hu Zongnan escaped this disaster.
In 1951, Hu Zongnan was appointed by Chiang Kai-shek to form the "Jiangsu and Zhejiang Anti-Communist National Salvation Army" and appointed him as the commander-in-chief. This war was 2 years, and Hu Zongnan took advantage of the opportunity of the mainland to be busy with the Korean War and was active along the coast of Zhejiang.
After the end of the Korean War, Hu Zongnan's good days came to an end, and soon he returned to Taiwan and went to study at the National Defense University."
In 1955, Hu Zongnan was appointed commander of the Penghu defense, and after retiring in 1959, he never had the opportunity to return to the military.
In February 1962, Hu Zongnan was seriously ill and hospitalized, his relatives and friends visited him in the hospital, and Chiang Kai-shek also came to visit him the next day, which made Hu Zongnan very excited, so his spirits improved for several days, but he still died on the 14th.
Hu Zongnan should be Chiang Kai-shek's most loyal subordinate, he is the first of many in the Kuomintang, it can be seen how much he is valued by Chiang Kai-shek, after arriving in Taiwan, many people have no chance to lead the army, but Hu Zongnan has led the army many times, although each time it is a failure, but Chiang Kai-shek's trust in him can be seen. It can also be seen that Chiang Kai-shek's use of people is nepotism, and such a powerful figure as Sun Liren has not been reused, but this is also lucky, otherwise the losses of the Platon Army will be even greater.