The source of Cao Xueqin's "Crystal Snow in the Empty Mountain, The Lonely Forest of the Immortals in the World" is Gao Qi's plum blossom poem
"Qiongzi is only in Yaotai, who planted everywhere in Jiangnan?"
Snow fills the mountains in the high priests, and the moon is shining under the forest.
Cold shadows Xiao Xiao bamboo, spring cover the remnants of the desert moss.
Since going to He Lang there is no good chant, and the East Wind has been silent several times. "Ming Dynasty Gao Qi's "Nine Songs of Plum Blossoms"
Many readers who like the Dream of the Red Chamber have an impression of a poem in the Dream of the Red Chamber.
"The capital is a good relationship between gold and jade, and I only read the former alliance of wood and stone."
In the air, the mountains are crystal clear snow; never forget, the lonely forest of the immortals in the world.
Sigh in the world, the beauty is not enough to believe in the present.
Even if it is a case of qi eyebrows, it is difficult to calm down in the end. "Cao Xueqin's Dream of the Red Chamber's "Lifelong Mistake"
In this poem, The Mountain Gaoshi Jingxue refers to Xue Baochao, and the Worldly Immortals refer to Lin Daiyu. Because of the wide popularity of the Dream of the Red Chamber, so this song is also familiar, when appreciating the complex twists and turns of the Dream of the Red Chamber novel, it is inevitable to admire Cao Xueqin for writing Xue Baochao and Lin Daiyu so perfectly, as if Xue Girl is a hermit who is safe in the cold white snow, and Dai Yu is a forest in the wonderland, which has triggered a series of discussions on the quality of Xue Baochao and Lin Daiyu. For example, why is Xue Baochao called Gao Shi? Why is Lin Daiyu called a fairy?
However, few people know that these two sentences were originally plum blossom sentences from the famous poet Gao Qi in the late Yuan and early Qing dynasties. "The snow is full of mountains in the high priest's bed, and the moon is shining under the forest."
Gao Qi, grew up in the chaotic world of the late Yuan and early Ming dynasties. Suzhou people. He was born into a wealthy family, but his parents died early. Since childhood, I have loved to read. The absence of a loved one makes it easier for him to find soul comfort in books, to read history, to be proficient in poetry, and to have insights.
At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, it was a very turbulent period, and it was impossible for a reader to take the exam, but those who loved to read became friends, and Gao Qi was a local little genius.
Zhang Shicheng rebelled against the Yuan, established himself as the King of Wu, with his protection, the withered economy in this area soon recovered, and it was also the time when the new dynasty employed people, And Rao Jie, the governor of Huainan Province, guarded Wuzhong and Guangluo talents, heard about Gao Qi, and sent people to invite him many times, extended to be a guest of honor, and recruited as a staff member. At this time, Gao Qi was only 16 years old, and among a large group of old Confucians, it was Yushu Linfeng who stood out. Among them are the authors of Shi Nai'an and Luo Guanzhong, who are familiar to modern people, "Water Margin" and "Journey to the West".
Gao Qi worked in Zhang Shicheng's regime for 7 years, what did he do specifically? It is difficult to have specific information now, but he was 32 years old, he was conscripted into the imperial court by the Ming Dynasty, and directly granted him Hanlin editing, Zhu Yuanzhang personally let him preside over the revision of the history of the former Dynasty, so Gao Qi was very famous at that time. Although at the age of 23, he left the shogunate of Zhang Shicheng and Rao Jie and returned to his hometown to live in seclusion.
After gao ying finished revising the history of the Yuan Dynasty in about two years, Zhu Yuanzhang saw that this young man, Gao An was clean and upright, and he was not in the group, and wanted him to give full play to his talents and appoint the right attendant of the household department, which was actually an important post that required officials to be honest and upright, and if they did a good job, the state's finances were taken care of by him, and it can be said that Zhu Yuanzhang trusted this young man quite a bit and gave him the opportunity to make progress. But Gao Qi refused.
Said he just wanted to go home and live in seclusion.
Zhu Yuanzhang returned the money, but it also buried Gao Qi's killing disaster.
So why did Gao Qi want to return to his hometown and not want to become an official?
First, his parents died twice, a single line, sensitive nature, and more important to the family's keeping.
Second, the sensitivity of genius, the changing banner of the king of the city, whether from history or reality, he feels that those are difficult to care about because of the rise and fall of life.
Third, in zhang shicheng's shogunate, he felt difficult to deal with people. He's not an all-rounder. Zhang Ailing said that she felt depressed when there were people, and in occasions where there was no one, she felt comfortable.
Fourth, Zhang Shicheng's resignation was actually very sober about himself, however, Zhu Yuanzhang did not understand this young man.
Five years later, Zhang Shicheng was graciously asked to write a "Shangliang Wen" because of the restoration of the old foundation of the local Suzhou prefect Wei Guan, either out of hospitality, or for economic reasons, or out of support for the restoration of local buildings. Among them, there are praises, saying that it was built here in the dragon pan. It was just a text, but it angered Zhu Yuanzhang.
There are good deeds, accusing Wei Guan of Zhang Shicheng's old ministry, there is anti-heart, Gao Qi was implicated in the case, was punished by Zhu Yuanzhang with a waist beheading. He is only 39 years old.
A generation of geniuses died tragically.
This is a tragic story. Let's take a look at Gao Qi's "Nine Plum Blossom Songs", and today we appreciate the first one.
Gao Qi's whole life is still relatively leisurely and smooth, and the property left by his parents has enabled him to have a little confidence in the chaotic world to return home and live in seclusion. He loves this peaceful and lonely life, and after traveling outside, he feels that this life is even more precious.
His purity is not pretend, for people who have a lack of life and feelings, spiritual sustenance and refuge are very important. The silent opening plum blossoms in the home are the guardianship of the souls of his parents and his paradise.
In the feudal family society, people who have lost their parents are actually difficult to integrate into the secular social circle, of course, the literary and cultural circle is another. Then on the plum blossom, Gao Qi must have pinned his feelings and soul. He grew up lonely and lonely, the wind and snow of the world, such as fish drinking water, plum blossoms are not love ice and snow, because its existence is predestined.
"Qiongzi is only in Yaotai, who planted everywhere in Jiangnan?"
Such a beautiful plum blossom opens, the most suitable place for it is the qionglou Yuyu in the sky, who will fall into the human world, this Jiangnan is everywhere, plum blossoms everywhere, looking at the flowers and snow, people are happy.
I can think of the inner joy that Gao Qi felt when he saw the plum blossoms blooming, I could even feel the sensitive loneliness of his childhood and youth, in the childhood without his parents, where there were plum blossoms, it was the paradise where he did not have to think about facing the relationships around him. It was a kind of joy and relaxation from the heart.
"The snow is full of mountains in the high priest's bed, and the moon is shining under the forest."
The old tree of the plum blossom, in the heavy snow, is like the ancient coat, sleeping in the snow, enjoying the cold and open air of heaven and earth.
On the night of the bright moon, the plum blossoms bloom, the fragrance is swirling, the flowers are like rings, the fragrance is like a synchronous walk, it is the plum blossom fairy who wanders freely in the forest.
"Cold shadows Xiao Xiao bamboo, spring cover the remnants of the desert moss."
Bamboo loves the shadow of the plum blossom, willing to be with the plum blossom, the spring wind blows the falling plum, the petals fly gracefully, dotted on the pieces of moss.
"Since going to He Lang there is no good chant, and the east wind has been silent several times."
Since the North and South Dynasties He Xun is true love plum blossoms, wrote the most beautiful sentence of plum blossoms, plum blossoms are such loneliness, the beauty of plum blossoms every year, there is no good sentence, plum blossoms are here is waiting for today's He Xun bar.
So Gao Qi's plum blossom poems are obviously more beautiful than He Xun of the Southern and Northern Dynasties. Of course, Gao Qi's plum blossoms and He Xun's plum blossoms are in the same vein, and it is written that plum blossoms are moving in the cold, waiting for Zhiyin with an elegant posture.
Because He Xun's plum blossom is written like this, "The most amazing time is the plum." "The shock is that the plum blossoms opened up to me." When the frost is on the road, the snow is cold. The branches are horizontal but the moon is viewed, and the flowers are wrapped around the Wind Terrace. Weeping towards The Sprinkler Nagato, the sunset stopped at the Qiong Cup. ”
What is written, the plum blossoms bloom in the cold, with such a beautiful and melancholy posture, in order to wait for He Xun day and night.
What is the meaning of Gao Qi's poem, he personifies the plum blossom in front of him, such a plum blossom fairy, in order to find the deceased who loved her in the previous life, to go down to the mortal, to make a long wait in the ice and snow.
But Gao Qi also alluded to the fact that he was a confidant of plum blossoms, waiting for plum blossoms in the wind and snow, waiting for plum blossoms to open.
Gao Qi is not a poet who deliberately bitterly loves, this kind of tranquility does not bring excessive sadness to people, but there is a kind of happiness of integration, which is a valuable place for Gao Qi.
In the long life, Gao Qi is low-key and satisfied, no parents and wives, no confidants and plum blossoms, enjoy and immerse themselves in this natural loneliness, pinned on their own good wishes, while writing plum blossoms high and cold, there is still a pulse of warmth.
It is considered to have written the beautiful and beautiful soul of plum blossoms.
It is also this long-term infiltration that Gao Qi is really determined to be in the mountains and forests, loose and scattered, so his seclusion is not a dissatisfaction with Zhu Yuanzhang. It's just zhu Yuanzhang, who is a murderous person, where will he know how to think so much, and only think that those who follow me will prosper, and those who oppose me will die.
So go back and talk about these two sentences used in the dream of the Red Chamber. Obviously, Cao Xueqin is passionate about Gao Qi's plum blossom poems, and in the poems of the Dream of the Red Chamber Grand View Garden, you can see his use of Gao Qi's poems and artistic conceptions everywhere, such as the silk fairy and the bamboo forest Xiao Xiao.
Does cao Xueqin use Gao Qi's plum blossom poetry in the dream of the Red Chamber?
Of course there is.
First, the other incarnation of Lin Daiyu is actually Plum Blossom.
Second, Xue Baochao and Lin Daiyu are as beautiful as plum blossoms, and the Grand View Garden itself is an out-of-the-world garden.
Third, Cao Xueqin must have known about Gao Qi's unjust death, and the ending of Lin Daiyu and many people in the dream of the Red Chamber was also a tragedy, a fate under the imperial power.
Fourth, Gao Qi's desire for a plain and spiritual life is not possible, and who in reality is not like this?
Gao Qi is a genius poet, and his "Nine Plum Blossom Poems" can be called the leader of plum blossom poetry, and in the future, I will continue to interpret another eight for you. It is also used to commemorate Gao Qi, a genius like a plum blossom who was destroyed by fate.
Hatsuyoshi Katsuyuki interprets the love and beauty in the poems for you. Image from the web.