In December 1928, the young marshal Zhang Xueliang led the Feng army to announce the change of banner and officially join the National Government in Nanjing. This also marked the temporary end of The split in China, the completion of the unification of the situation by the Kuomintang, and the end of the Beiyang warlord government.
However, Feng Jun and the Southern Kuomintang were originally sworn enemies, and he was one of the target warlords of the Northern Expedition, so why did the two turn into jade in just over a year. And the initiator behind this incident is the Japanese.
During the reign of the old marshal Zhang Zuolin in northeast China, he repeatedly refused Japan's requests to open mines and build railways in northeast China, and they even planned revenge for the Huanggutun Incident in one fell swoop. They thought that this matter was done seamlessly, but they did not want a photo to expose the truth of the matter, which also caused Zhang Xueliang to fall into the arms of the Kuomintang.
The old handsome man
Zhang Zuolin was born in 1875 in Xiaowa Village, 90 Huali North of West Haicheng County, Fengtian, to a poor family, and after studying with Yang Jingzhen, a private school master, he had no choice but to drop out of school and start his own way to make a living.
In 1888, Zhang's father was accidentally killed by a gambler in a dispute, and Zhang Zuolin followed his second brother to take revenge, which resulted in another accident, and the gun killed the gambler. The second brother was arrested and imprisoned, and he followed his mother to his grandfather's house to take refuge.
In order to make a living, he sold burnt cakes, learned carpentry, worked as a cargo man, and even worked as a veterinarian, but in the turbulent situation of the late Qing Dynasty, he could only feed himself.
This hectic period lasted until 1894, when the Qing government began recruiting a large number of soldiers in the northeast region due to the use of troops in the Yellow Sea region. Eating food as a soldier seems to be an excellent way to survive in a chaotic world, and the people of the northeast enthusiastically join the army, and Zhang Zuolin also joined the Qing army as a soldier in Song Qing's department.
After the defeat of the Sino-Japanese War, Zhang Zuolin's department was disbanded, and after Feng Linge's introduction, he joined the Green Camp Dong Dahu Bandit Department and fell into the grass.
Japan not only received huge war reparations by virtue of the "Maguan Treaty", but also won the island of Taiwan, which undoubtedly stimulated Tsarist Russia. He also took advantage of the fact that China had no time to take care of it, and wantonly invaded the territory of northeast China, resulting in the defeat of General Shengjing and the paralysis of the local government.
But this also gave Zhang Zuolin an opportunity, and in order to buy people's hearts, he ordered his troops down the mountain to maintain law and order in several nearby villages. Not only did they not harass the people, but they also helped them fend off bandits in the vicinity.
Zhang Zuolin's reputation rose as a result, and more and more villages attached to him became a local force to be reckoned with. In order to further expand his own power, he adhered to the principle that milk is a mother, and wandered between the three forces of Japan, Russia and qing, and his power became more and more powerful.
In 1907, he was appointed by the newly appointed General Shengjing as the commander of the Five Battalions and joined the Qing government. He fought for another 5 years, until the xinhai Revolution, he had already grasped the military and political power of Fengtian Province, so that after Yuan Shikai took office, in order to win over this powerful figure in the northeast, he did not hesitate to personally summon him and award him the rank of general.
In 1919, Zhang Zuolin appointed his cronies as the overseers of Heilongjiang Province and Jilin Province respectively, and he was officially crowned "King of Northeast China".
Huanggutun Incident
In 1926, the Northern Expedition War broke out, and the Northern Expeditionary Army marched all the way, beating Sun Chuanfang into the wilderness and fleeing. At this time, Fengjun became the only battle between the Beiyang warlords and the revolutionary army, and Zhang Zuolin was also promoted to commander-in-chief.
In 1927, Zhang Zuolin was inaugurated in Beijing as the Grand Marshal of the Army and Navy of the Beiyang Government, becoming the supreme ruler of the country. At this time, although he had unlimited scenery, it was difficult to hide his inner anxiety, in addition to the threat of the Southern Kuomintang, there was also the tiger's eye of the Japanese in the north.
He had repeatedly used Japanese power to maintain his rule, and in the 1925 Guo Songling Rebellion, he asked Japan to send troops, which not only caused Guo Songling's soldiers to be defeated and killed, but also forced Feng Yuxiang to return to the northwest.
However, Japan does not make a loss-making business, and the reason why it is willing to send troops is because it has taken a fancy to the rich natural resources of the northeast. In particular, after Yoshiichi Tanaka came to power in April 1927, he repeatedly demanded railway rights and demanded the settlement of the so-called Manchurian-Mongolian unsolved case.
The Japanese's pressing step by step also provoked a wave of anti-Japanese resistance among the people of Tohoku, who invariably took to the streets and shouted "Down with the Tanaka Cabinet!" ”
The pressure of the people in the northeast, coupled with Zhang Zuolin's own national consciousness, made the Fengjun government always fail to meet Japan's demands for building railways, opening mines, and setting up factories in Manchuria and Mongolia. This greatly annoyed the Japanese side, who believed that behind the anti-Japanese sentiment in the northeast was Zhang Zuolin's instigation.
On April 5, 1928, Chiang Kai-shek launched the Second Northern Expedition, and the sword blade pointed directly at Beiping. Zhang Zuolin saw that the general trend had gone, and announced that he would withdraw from Beijing and return to the northeast. The leaks in the house rained overnight, and the Japanese issued an ultimatum, and they could no longer hold back their wolf ambitions after they did not get a call back, and an assassination operation was quietly unfolding.
When Zhang Zuolin returned to the northeast by special train, he did not know that he had gone to a big net. Kawamoto Daisaku, a senior staff officer of the Japanese Kwantung Army, had already placed 30 bags of bombs and a stormtrooper near the Huanggutun Railway Station, just waiting for the fish to bite the hook.
Only to see a loud noise, the special train was blown up by the waist, Zhang Zuolin's carriage was blown up to the point that only a chassis was left, he was blown out more than three feet away, and his throat was broken. When he was sent back to the Marshal's Mansion, he was already dying, and before he died, he said: "Tell Xiao Liuzi that in the future, he will put the country first, and let him quickly return to Shenyang to preside over the overall situation!" ”
After saying this, he cried out for his life, and a generation of tyrants left.
A photo tells the truth
The assassination of his family in the northeast made it very likely that the northeast would face the danger of being torn apart, and Zhang Xueliang, who was in Lanzhou, after learning of the situation, disguised himself as a wounded soldier and secretly rushed back to Fengtian with the troops. He only learned of his death when he arrived, and when he heard his father's last words, he was already choked up and unable to speak.
For the sake of the overall situation, he forcibly endured his grief, imitated Zhang Zuolin's handwriting to issue documents, and waited until everything was in order before announcing the news of his death.
Zhang Zuolin's death is full of doubts, who is the murderer, the Kwantung Army? Kuomintang? Or the enemy? Although the Japanese were the most suspicious, the mess at the scene of the explosion was difficult to find clues until a photograph appeared.
The ground is full of the wreckage of trains and buildings, but a person who should not have appeared appeared, a soldier wearing the uniform of the Kwantung Army. This undoubtedly explains the truth of the whole thing – the murderer is Japanese!
Zhang Xueliang's relations with Japan gradually deteriorated, but he was also well aware of the strength of the Japanese Kou. The brothers were humiliated by their walls, and he set his sights on his former enemy, the Kuomintang.
Not only for the great national righteousness, but also for revenge for killing his father, the young marshal Zhang Xueliang sent a telegram to the whole country on December 29, 1928, announcing obedience to the National Government in Nanjing. In the Huanggutun case, Japan not only failed to gain established interests, but on the contrary pushed Zhang Xueliang to the Kuomintang and promoted the reunification of China.