The hero of the East Return, Wolbassie
In 1771, after more than 150 years of absence from the motherland, the Turks waded through mountains and rivers, experienced all kinds of difficulties and dangers, broke through many barriers, and returned to the Erie River Valley.
The Qing Dynasty opened its arms and accepted the Turks, showing the broad mind of the mother of the motherland and the endless tolerance for the wandering children everywhere!
Isn't this Turk Mongol? Hasn't it always been associated with the Central Plains Dynasty? How did you get to Europe? Why do you want to come back suddenly? Is there any other attempt to come back? And listen to the high-density guys in detail!
One. Forced by life, The Wandering Road of Europe
Speaking of the Turks, we have to talk about its "origin" first. It is one of the four divisions of the Weyrat Mongols (the other three, namely: the Dzungars, the Heshuo, and the Durberts).
If you are not familiar with the Weyrat Mongols, it also has a more resounding name - Walla, yes, that is, in 1449, the change of Tumu Fort, annihilated the main force of Daming, and captured Ming Yingzong - Zhuqi Town of Vala alive, the commander at that time was: Taishi - also first!
After his death, The plan of Wallachia to enter the Central Plains was a complete failure, and its internal forces were reshuffled. By the end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, the Dzungars of these four departments took the lead in becoming stronger, flourishing, constantly annexing brotherly forces, and trying to unify the four divisions of Weilat. (Finally fought against the Qing Dynasty for more than 70 years!) )
The strength of the Dzungars was a great threat to the other three, and the arrogant Batur Huntaiji (the father of Kaldan) acted aggressively, did not care about the feelings of other tribes, forcibly recruited troops, and prepared to charge forward with the Turks as a pawn!
Originally an equal alliance of four tribes, why should they listen to the Dzungars? Who sealed the leadership of the Dzungars?
Veyrat Mongol IV
Yes, it is all right, no one has appointed the Dzungars as the leader, but who will listen to the struggle without strength? When will the "law of the jungle" of being beaten up be changed? When does the weak have a say?
To be beaten is to stand firm!
sympathize? Sorry, there is no such thing!
Can't fight and fight, can't stay and stay, no way, migrate to the western grasslands!
In this way, under the leadership of the chief Orlk, in 1629, that is, the second year of chongzhen of the Ming Dynasty (the end of the Ming Dynasty, there were 15 years after the demise of the Ming Dynasty), the Turgut Department migrated westward, grazing and migrating, all the way to the lower Volga River, and when it arrived, a total of about 250,000 people.
"Nomadic herding is a profession, living by water and grass, and not cultivating anything."
At this time, the Volga River Valley, rich in water and grass, and a landless wasteland (at that time, the snobbery of Tsarist Russia had not yet arrived here), for Turgut, it was a natural pasture for grazing, and the days were really comfortable for a while!
That is to say, turks moved west, purely for the sake of life, in order not to be annexed by the Dzungars!
Two. He left the Dragon Pond and entered the Tiger's Den again
I thought that life would be worry-free far away from the ambitious Dzungars, but in the era of steppe competition, which piece of land was not remembered?
Sure enough, not long after, Tsarist Russia came,
"It's okay to graze here, but listen to me"
。 Why? In fact, it is still nothing, who has a hard fist, who has the final say!
Tsarist Russia came with arrogance and a strong desire for the land. Turgut inevitably became a vassal of Tsarist Russia at that time, no way, had to live, right?
In the next 100 years, the Turks, this "child" far away from the homeland, as if he had lost his soul, had already dried up the indomitable blood flowing from his veins and steppe, meek, obedient, and completely became the "submissive people" of Russia!
Turks were constantly drawn young and middle-aged, charging for the expansion of Tsarist Russia, fighting with Sweden, with the figure of turks, fighting with Ottoman Turkey, and the figure of turks, in just 10 years, only about 300,000 people (at that time) of turks, there were more than 80,000 young and middle-aged people killed!
However, you think that's enough? Not over, just so-called:
Bear with kicking your nose in the face for a while, take a step back and ride on your head to pull
Tsarist Russia also moved to the camps of the Turgut Ministry and moved a large number of Slavs and other ethnic groups to dilute the proportion of the Turks, and sent a large number of missionaries to brainwash the Turguts! Try to dilute or even assimilate the Turk tribes!
"Where is the bowl that fell to eat?" It's going to smash the cooking pot"!
This Tsarist is too fierce, even more fierce than the Dzungars!
This is the species of the Turks!
Three. The tragic East Return Road has both a purpose and no purpose
Faced with the unlimited demand for land in Tsarist Russia, the Turks were unwilling to sit still, and they remembered their "hometown". It's like a homeless man who has wandered for half a lifetime, although he mixes chicken feathers, leaves fall back to his roots, and miss his hometown. Hometown has naturally become their ideal destination!
At this time, the Dzungar Department had also been beaten down by the Great Qing, and the obstacle in the middle of the obstacle to returning home was gone! This also provides favorable conditions for the return of the Turks to the east!
"Although I am a foreigner, I am the same as China, but Russia is not obsessed with lust, and the language is different."
The Great Khan of Turgut, Aqiyu, and his successor, Wolbasi, sent people to contact the Central Plains Dynasty more than once to express their desire to return!
To be honest, like a relative who has not been in touch for a long time, suddenly close to you, who can not doubt its sincerity?
The Great Qing dynasty is no exception, what if Turkbat is the inner response of Dzungar? What to do? This is not a two-piece spy, but a tribe of more than 200,000 people! In the era of cold weapons, 200,000 prairie lions are definitely a force to be reckoned with!
Should Turgut return to his homeland or submit to the Qing Dynasty? Or do you want to seize the land after the fall of the Dzungars?
No one dares to say this! Did even the Turks, or even Wolbassi himself, have such thoughts before they set out?
History brooks no blasphemy, and high-density young men dare not talk nonsense
, with reservations about this. But in the end, everything went well!
Tragic return to the east!
On January 16, 1771, Wolbasi led a strong and strong army, suddenly raided the Tsarist military camp that "protected" the Turks, and then led most of the Turbats to return to their homeland!
Here it is said that it is too late to return to the east together, a small number of Turks, forever left in Europe,
The current Russian Kalmyks are the remaining Turks of that year! It also became the only yellow tribe in Europe!
Tsar Catherine II, dispatching troops, Cossacks, Kazakhs, and Turks, chasing and blocking, constantly harassing; plus when they set out, it was from autumn and winter to spring, and there were many epidemics!
Catherine II
Half a year later, in July 1771, the Turks finally reached the vicinity of the Ili River.
At this time, before the departure, there were still 168,000 people in the Turk Special Department, and after this great disaster, by this time, there were only more than 66,000 people left. Cattle, sheep and livestock, countless losses, Turk special department, yuan qi serious injuries.
What's even worse
Their actions were not discussed with Daqing, that is to say, Daqing did not agree to accept them!
Four. It's good to come back from the drop, but you have to be on the defensive
The frustrated Turbat, at this time, desperately hopes to communicate with daqing, the front border will not let you enter, and there are pursuing soldiers in the back, and if you don't deal with it early, you will be in trouble!
In fact, the Great Qing dynasty was also inaccurate, and such a big thing had to be decided by the emperor, and finally the Qianlong Emperor issued instructions:
"It is very eight or nine to surrender to him"
Well, if there is an emperor on top of it, who dares to say it again?
Qianlong the Great
However, corresponding precautions must be taken, after all
"The heart of harming others must not be there, and the heart of preventing people must not be without"
Even if there are 66,000 people left, this must be guarded against!
In this way, the Qing Dynasty accepted Turbat, but divided it into six, placed separately, it is difficult to share the same breath with each other, although for Turbat, it did not achieve what they wanted, but this is already the highest ending! (At the time)
"Live in peace, don't cause trouble."
With the last words of the Great Khan of Wobasi, the Turks finally lived and worked in peace and contentment in the Qing Dynasty, becoming part of a multi-ethnic country!
All in all
，
After many hardships and overcoming various difficulties, the Turks traveled more than 4,000 kilometers and returned to the embrace of the motherland, which is gratifying and congratulatory, and the leader of Wolbasi is the hero of the Return to the East, which is undisputed!
And we also see clearly:
1. The demand for land in Tsarist Russia is insatiable! It's hard to fill!
2. Leave the embrace of the motherland, no matter who it is, it will eventually be humiliated, and it is the last word to come back!
"Wanderers, come back!"