Historically, there have been many countries that have wanted to carry out reforms through "changing the law", but most of them have been stifled in the cradle due to various factors. However, there are still some people who are successful, such as the "martingale transformation method". With the support of Qin Xiaogong, Shang Martin carried out two changes, and these two "changes" not only promoted the historical development of Qin society and the Warring States period at that time, but also laid the foundation for the unification of the Six Kingdoms in the later Qin Dynasty.
Logically speaking, Shang Martin should be the one who has the greatest credit, but why did he later die of the torture of "car splitting"? Even his family did not escape the disaster, and all were ordered to be beheaded. If Shang Martin had different intentions, he also worked hard for the Qin State. If it is not the martingale itself, then it is an external reason.
First of all, there is the question of the emperor's sense of security. The emperor is a man of supreme power, but he is also one of the most dangerous people in the world. He will wonder if others will always be loyal to him, and he will be afraid that if he is not careful, he will be replaced by people with different intentions. When Shang Martin carried out the change of law, although Qin Xiaogong was very supportive of him, Shang Martin was an "outsider" after all, what if one day Shang Martin rebelled.
Therefore, when Qin Xiaogong was seriously ill, he proposed to cede the throne to Shang Martin, but Shang Martin refused. On the surface, Qin Xiaogong was letting Xian, but in fact he was tempting. If Shang Martin accepted the throne, then Shang Martin would inevitably suffer resistance from all sides and fall into a desperate situation; if Shang Martin did not accept the throne, although it was approved by Qin Xiaogong, Shang Martin held so much power that it would become a force, thus affecting the absolute rule of the emperor. It can be said that without the support of Qin Xiaogong, King Hui of Qin would not have captured Shang Martin so quickly after his death, and after killing Shang Martin, he also executed him with the punishment of "car splitting".
Second, there was resistance from the nobility and some conservatives. Some of the contents of the Shang Martingale Transformation Law hurt their interests, such as improving their status according to military merits, if these nobles did not reach a certain military industry, then they were likely to lose their status as nobles. After that, shang martingale also suppressed the nobility in various ways, which made the contradictions between them more intense. Eventually, after King Hui of Qin ascended the throne, Shang Martin lost the support of Qin Xiaogong and had no rights, so the nobles and conservatives wanted to falsely accuse Shang Martin, saying that he had the intention of rebellion. This move coincided with the idea of King Hui of Qin, and in the end Shang Martin was arrested and put to death, and King Hui of Qin also gained a certain prestige.
Finally, there is actually some connection with the martingale itself. After Shang Martin implemented the change, in fact, the nobles already hated him to the point of gritting their teeth, coupled with the saying that "the lord of merit and high shock", he was also under the "surveillance" of the emperor every day. However, because Shang Martin himself was too conceited, he believed that the laws he had formulated were strict, and he believed that the nobles did not dare to do anything to him, so he had been suppressing the nobles since then, but he did not want to lay the "fuse".
Although Shang Martin died under "politics", the content of his changes influenced the development of subsequent countries and played an important role in Chinese history.
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